The Influence of Anger and Compassion on …k.b5z.net/i/u/6111265/i/Negotiations_1.pdfnegotiation...
Transcript of The Influence of Anger and Compassion on …k.b5z.net/i/u/6111265/i/Negotiations_1.pdfnegotiation...
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Negotiations;Introduction of Basic Concepts
Jose Jorge Saavedra
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What do we negotiate?
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Arm Wrestle Exercise
In Pairs
Objective: Get as many points as possible,You get a point every time the “other person’s hand” touches the table
Rules: 20 secondsNo speakingClose your eyes
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What is the BEST way to divide an orange between two
people?
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Mixed-Motive Interdependence
• Mixed-Motive: The parties share a mixture of compatible interests that invite cooperation and incompatible interests that invite competition and conflict
• Interdependence: What one party does affects the other and vice versa.
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Negotiation
Definition:• The process by which parties aim to define or
redefine the terms of their interdependence.
• Through negotiations, the parties aim to maximize the advantages of joint pursuit of compatible interests and minimize the disadvantages resulting from incompatible interests.
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Three Criteria of Effective Negotiations
• 1) Claiming Value: Seeing that your own needs and interests are met.
• 2) Creating Value: Discovering solutions that work to the benefit of all parties.
• 3) Establishing & Maintaining Good On-Going Relationships
• Tensions exist among each of these--It is difficult to do all three well
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¿Why learn to negotiate?
• Negotiating is a basic human activity that most people engage in every day.
• Given that we all negotiate multiple issues in different situations, having and developing skills for effective negotiation is essential for achieving personal and organizational goals.
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Problems with negotiations
Diagnostic Suggested approach
• Bad measurement of success
• Bad Preparation
• Bad process
• Bad skills
• Measure success systematically
• Prepare, prepare and prepare
• Think about the substance & the process
• Practice, evaluate, reflect
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Course Objectives
• Share concepts, tools and a systemic approach to negotiations
• Develop skills and attitudes
• Gain experience trough role play
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THE SEVEN THE SEVEN ELEMENTS MODELELEMENTS MODEL
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THE SEVEN ELEMENTS MODEL
• 1. Interest• 2. Options• 3. Alternatives (MAAN)• 4. Legitimacy• 5. Communication• 6. Relationship• 7. Commitment
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INTERESTS
Whatever our demand or “position” may be, we and others involved in the negotiation would like an outcome that meets our underlying interests-the things we need or care about.
The more we have thought about our interests in advance, the more likely we are to meet them.
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OPTIONS
A good outcome should be among the best of all possible ways to deal with our differing interests.
By options we mean possible agreements or pieces of a possible agreement, The more options we are able to put on the table, the more likely we are to have one that will well reconcile our interests.
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ALTERNATIVES
A good outcome should seem better than any alternative away from the table, better than things we might do by ourselves or with others.
Before we sign a –deal-or turn one down-we should have a good idea of what else we might do.
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LEGITIMACY
We do not want to be unfairly treated, nor do others.
It will help to find external standards that we can use as a sword to persuade others that they are being treated fairly and as a shield to protect us from being ripped off.
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COMMUNICATION
Other things being equal, an outcome is better if it is reached efficiently. That requires good two-way communication as each side seeks to influence the other.
We want to think in advance about what to listen for-and what to say.
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RELATIONSHIP
A good outcome will leave our working relationship strengthened rather than damaged. Preparation can help us think about the human interaction-about the people at the table.
We should have some idea about how to build a relationship that facilitates, rather than hinders, agreement.
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COMMITMENT
The quality of an outcome is also measured by the quality of the promises that are made.
Those commitments are likely to be better if we have thought in advance about the specific promises that we realistically can expect, or make, during or at the conclusion of a negotiation.
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THE SEVEN ELEMENTS MODEL
INTERESTS
OPCIONS
LEGITIMACY
COMMUNICATION
RELATIONSHIP
If “Yes"
COMMITMENTALTERNATIVES
If "NO"
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SOME SIMPLE RULES
1. ESTABLISH YOUR BATNA, CONCIDER THEIRS
2. BE HARD ON THE ISSUE AND SOFT ON THE PEOPLE
3. CLARIFY YOUR INTERESTS, NOT YOUR POSITIONS
4. GENERATE BETTER OPTIONS
5. MAXIMIZE YOUR LEGITIMACY
6. STRENGTHEN TWO WAY COMMUNICATION
7. COMMIT WITH CARE AFTER EVALUATING THE IMPLICATIONS
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TELLTALE SIGNS OF WIN-WIN POTENTIAL
1) Does the Negotiation Contain More Than a Single Issue?
2) Can Other Issues be Brought in3) Can Side Deals be made?4) Do Parties have different Preferences
Across Negotiation Issues?
Leigh Thompson
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STRATEGIES FOR CLAIMING VALUE
1) Know your BATNA2) Research The Other Party’s BATNA3) Set High Aspirations4) Make the First Offer5) Counteroffer Immediately6) Avoid Stating Ranges7) Make Bilateral (Not Unilateral) Concessions8) Use an Objective-Appearing Rationale to
Support your Offers9) Appeal to norms of fairness10) Do not fall for the “Even Split” Ploy
Bazerman, Neale &Thompson
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WIN-WIN STRATEGIES THAT WORK
1) Build Trust and Share Information 2) Ask Diagnostic Questions 3) Provide Information 4) Unbundle the Issues 5) Make Package Deals, not Single-Issue Offers6) Make Multiple Offers Simultaneously 7) Structure Contingency Contracts by Capitalizing
on Differences8) Presettlement Settlements (PreSS)9) Search for Postsettlement Settlements
Leigh Thompson
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THE SEVEN ELEMENTS MODEL
INTERESTS
OPCIONS
LEGITIMACY
COMMUNICATION
RELATIONSHIP
If “Yes"
COMMITMENTALTERNATIVES
If "NO"
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Remember what Grandma used to say...
“Don’t talk to strangers”
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Remember what Grandpa used to say...
“He who looses his temper looses the game”
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PREPARE, PREPARE AND PRERARE
• Before every meeting, prepare.• After the meeting, evaluate your
achievements and performance• Adapt your strategies and prepare again
• The majority of negotiations are won or lost before getting to the table.
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PREPARE, PREPARE AND PRERARES
If you cannot afford the luxury of preparing, for certain you cannot afford the luxury of NOTpreparing
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Thank You