The Infinitive
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Transcript of The Infinitive
The Infinitive
Verbalsreview
Participle=adj. •Present=“nt”=--ing•Perfect=--ed,future=about to____
infintive •Subject or object of sentence•Indirect statement
Gerund=noun •present•=ing
PARTICIPLE
• Present participle• Caesar vicens Galliam praedam ad Romam
portabit.• Perfect participle• Caesar vulneratus et victus verba fecit.• Future participle• Caesar victurus Galliam consulem creatus
est.
Present Active-amare
Present Passive-
amari***
Perfect Active-amavisse
Perfect Passive-amatus esse
Future Active-amaturus esse
Use of the infinitive
• #1-subjective• used as the subject of the sentence• E.g.-To win the corona civica meant you saved
a citizen’s life during a battle.
•Videre est credere.
• To see is to believe.
• Spectare stellas est placidum.
• To watch stars is placid.
Use of the infinitive• #2=Objective • used as the object of the sentence
• E.g.Romans tried for fifteen year(218-203BC) to rid their land of Hannibal.
• Romani temptaverunt vincere Germaniam.
• Romans tried to conquer Germany.
•Possum scribere.
• I am able to write.
Uses of the infinitive
• #3-Indirect Statement
• After main verbs of ….
SAYING DICO
CLAMO
NUNTIO
lOQUOR
KNOWING PUTO
SCIO
INTELLEGO
CREDO
THINKING PUTO
COGNOSCO
OSTENDO
DOCEO
PERCEIVING, VIDEO
AUDIO
OLFACIOSENTIO TANGO
• Latin will use an infinitive as the verb of the dependent clause and the subject of the dependent clause will be in the accusative case.
• E.g.-Scio discipulos Latinam studere.
Tense of the infinitive
• Before• the main verb
perfect
• Caesar dicit milites vincere.
• Caesar says the soldiers win/conquer.
• Caesar dicit milites vinci.
• Caesar says the soldiers are conquered.
• Caesar dicit milites vicisse.
• Caesar says the soldiers won.
• Caesar dicit milites victos esse.
• Caesar says the soldiers were conquered.
• Caesar dicit milites victuros esse.
• Caesar says the soldiers will win.
•
“LOVE” Practice
• She says the boy loves the girl.
• Dicit puerum amare puellam.
• She said the boy loved the girl.
• Dixit puerum amare puellam.
• She says the boy will love the girl
• Dicit puerum amaturum esse puellam.
• She says the boy loved the girl.
• Dicit puerum amavisse puellam.
• She says the girl was loved by the boy.
• Puellam a puero amatam esse dicit.
• She said the boy had loved the girl
• Dixit puerum amavisse puellam.
• She was saying the boy would love the girl.
• Dicebat puerum amaturaum esse puellam.
• She says the girl is loved by the boy.
• Dicit puellam amari a puero.
Uses of the infinitivesubjective
6%
objective15%
indirect statement
80%