The Industrial Revolution

Mrs. Jolliff

The Industrial Revolution

5-3.1 The Industrial Revolution happened because of new inventions and technologies.

Essential Questions

How was the Industrial Revolution furthered by new inventions and technology?

Who were the prominent inventors and scientists?

Industrial Revolution

• A time period of new inventions and technologies.

The United States Grows

• The fundamental change was from an economy based on agriculture and trade to one increasingly based on the production of manufactured goods.

• One word to describe the last half of the 1800’s would be “change”.

• The West had been settled.

• Native Americans were forced onto reservations.

• The days of the cowboy had come and gone.

• Millions had crowded into growing cities.

The second half of the 1800’s was a time of invention in

America.

Joseph Glidden

Barbed wire Christopher Sholes

Typewriter

Alexander Graham Bell

Telephone

How did transportation change during the Industrial Revolution?

The nation’s new transportation system provided by the transcontinental railroad shipped raw materials to cities where manufacturers changed the raw materials into consumer products and then shipped those products to people throughout the country.

Inventions Change the US

• The US becomes known as the “Invention Capital of the World”.

• Inventors like Thomas Edison, Alexander Graham Bell, and the Wright Brothers moved our country forward.

• These inventions made peoples’ lives easier.

• New businesses and jobs were created.

Inventions• The telegraph was invented by

Samuel Morse. It helped the railroads communicate, stay on schedule and prevent accidents.

• The telegraph put an end to the Pony Express.

• The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell and improved communication. It put an end to the telegraph.

New Ways to Communicate

Samuel Morse Alexander Graham Bell

Alexander Graham Bell

Alexander moved to Boston, Mass. as a teacher to the deaf.

He is best known as the inventor of the telephone.

New Jobs • The invention of the telephone later provided new jobs like telephone operators, a job most often performed by women.

Telegraph vs. Telephone

• Businesses would be able to communicate by telephone quicker and easier.

• The telephone was easier to use because it did not require people to learn a new system of communication such as the Morse code.

Thomas Edison• A practical light bulb

was developed by Thomas Edison.

• He also created the world's first industrial research laboratory. He held over 1,000 patents for inventions. A patent is a documentation that proves an invention is your idea.

Menlo Park• Thomas

Edison was not only an inventor but also an entrepreneur who began a laboratory at Menlo Park, New Jersey.

Improved Light Bulb

• It promoted economic growth because it made it possible to light factories, so people could work after dark. It made homes safer because people were using kerosene lamps for light.

Thomas Edison Video

Changes in Lighting

• No longer were nights lit only by candles and gaslights. Electric light bulbs had turned darkness into light!

Power Station

Edison also developed an entire electrical system to provided the power to light office buildings and started a company to provide electricity to the city.

Electricity for Cities

• The light bulb made the use of electricity popular. Electric lines were strung in cities and towns.

Electricity provided a new way of powering the manufacturing plants. Before they had been powered by water power from rivers.

Lives Changed • Many cities built power stations and soon many businesses used the electric light. This changed the work habits of many Americans who could now work longer hours. Eventually homes were also lit by electricity.

Transportation Changed

Electricity also contributed to the growth of transportation. Electric powered streetcars made it possible for people to move to the outskirts of town to live and commute to work.

Labor Saving Devices

• The availability of electricity also led to the invention of many labor saving devices for the home that were run by electricity, such as the washing machine and the vacuum cleaner. These inventions made life easier.

Hoover Vacuum Cleaner 1906

Other Inventions• The invention of

the sewing machine and the typewriter also provided new job opportunities in clothing factories and offices.

The Wright Brothers

In 1903 the Wright Brothers flew an airplane at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.

The Wright Brother’s Video

Albert Einstein

• Albert Einstein was a scientist who made contributions to the world of science and to the rise of the US as a world power. He helped the US develop an atomic bomb.

Henry Ford Henry Ford built the first

inexpensive, reliable car. He used the assembly line. This allowed cars to be built quickly and cheaply.

In 1908 Ford introduced the Model T. By 1924 the car cost only $290.00!

Washing Machine 1920.

Food Mixer and Dish Washer

Which invention most changed the way that factories operated in the

late 19th century?

A. Airplane

B. Automobile

C. Light bulb

D. telephoneB

How did new methods of mass production contribute to the

Industrial Revolution?A. By increasing products made by artisans

B. By creating products more quickly and cheaply

C. By making products that were more expensive

D. By allowing products to me made more slowly and carefully

B

How did Orville and Wilbur Wright contribute to the rise of the US as a

world power?

A. By developing a major corporation around the telephone

B. By creating an electrical system to make light bulbs practical

C. By improving the assembly line of mass production

D. By starting the aircraft industry with their experiments in manned flight.

D