The Incan Empire. Cuzco (Peru) = capital (200,000) Empire stretched from Ecuador to Chile (3500...
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Transcript of The Incan Empire. Cuzco (Peru) = capital (200,000) Empire stretched from Ecuador to Chile (3500...
Cuzco (Peru) = capital (200,000) Empire stretched from Ecuador to
Chile (3500 miles) thru Andes Mtns. 10 mill. people
A. Early Inca
Settled on fertile lands in Valley of Cuzco Est. small kingdom by early 1200s Ruler = descendent of Inti (sun god)
B. Early Inca Rulers Early, Incan kingdom grew slowly Viracocha (1410-1438)—8th emperor
Conquered adjacent lands Instituted a divine monarchy
Pachacuti (1438-1471) son “the greatest man ever produced by the
American race” Conquered all of Peru & moved north & south Used diplomacy & military force
Honorable surrender?
A. Govt. Presence
Architecture was consistent across empire All roads led to Cuzco Masterful engineers
B. Incan Govt.
Incan govt. = SOCIALISM Controlled most economic activity Allowed little private commerce
Citizens were expected to work for the state
Ayllu = extended family group Worked together
Mita = labor tribute
C. Public Works
Incan road system Unified empire Symbolized power of the state 14,000 mi. Chasquis = messengers
Allowed for easy movement of military
D. Govt. Record Keeping
NEVER developed a writing system Oral tradition
Quipu = knotted strings for accounting
III. Incan Religion
Focused on key nature spirits Primary Incan god = Viracocha (creator)
Next = Inti (sun god) King = descendent of Inti
A. Religious Practices
Priests led sun-worship Mamakuna = full-time female workers Yamacuna = full-time male workers Sacrificed llamas & exchanged goods
B. Great Cities
Temple of the Sun (Cuzco) Most sacred of all Incan shrines “sweat of the sun”
Machu Picchu Religious center? Estate of Pachacuti? Retreat for rulers or nobles?