The Importance of Standardization of the Data Format: A Case Study from the National Herbarium of...
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![Page 1: The Importance of Standardization of the Data Format: A Case Study from the National Herbarium of the Netherlands Universiteit Leiden Willemse, L.P.M.,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649e765503460f94b77338/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Importance of Standardization of the Data Format:
A Case Study from the National Herbarium
of the Netherlands
Universiteit Leiden
Willemse, L.P.M., Mols, J.B., Welzen, P.C. van & Smets, E.F.
![Page 2: The Importance of Standardization of the Data Format: A Case Study from the National Herbarium of the Netherlands Universiteit Leiden Willemse, L.P.M.,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649e765503460f94b77338/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Standardization:
The process of ensuring that the electronic storage of (biodiversity) information is consistent within and between databases in such a way that information is similarly structured and the individual basic data elements have an identical format.
Data format:
The exact layout and text arrangement of the contents of a basic data-element including guidelines on how to deal with exceptional/ extraordinary instances.
Universiteit Leiden
![Page 3: The Importance of Standardization of the Data Format: A Case Study from the National Herbarium of the Netherlands Universiteit Leiden Willemse, L.P.M.,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649e765503460f94b77338/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
NHN digitization
• start 1996
• project - permanent
• taxon – region - group
• 850,000 specimens (out of 5.5 million)
• off the shelf software
• three branches
Introduction
www.nationaalherbarium.nl/virtual/
Universiteit Leiden
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Data structure• HISPID
Universiteit Leiden
Introduction
Standardization of:
Data
• plant distribution
• ISO country code
• author abbreviation
• collections
• periodicals
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Protocol:
• description
• domain/value
• syntax
• guidelines
• annexes
Universiteit Leiden
Introduction
Software used at the NHN: BRAHMS
![Page 6: The Importance of Standardization of the Data Format: A Case Study from the National Herbarium of the Netherlands Universiteit Leiden Willemse, L.P.M.,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649e765503460f94b77338/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Data files with botanical specimen data handled between 1996 – 2006
• from the Leiden branch of the NHN
• from the other two branches of the NHN
• from institutes worldwide
• from herbaria participating in SEABCIN (KEP, SAN, SAR, BKF, SING, BO, PNH)
Universiteit Leiden
Data format
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Universiteit Leiden
www.seabcin.org
Data format
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Universiteit Leiden
Data format
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Universiteit Leiden
Data format
The same
Different
![Page 10: The Importance of Standardization of the Data Format: A Case Study from the National Herbarium of the Netherlands Universiteit Leiden Willemse, L.P.M.,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649e765503460f94b77338/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Collector names:
www.nationaalherbarium.nl/fmcollectors/
Universiteit Leiden
Data format
![Page 11: The Importance of Standardization of the Data Format: A Case Study from the National Herbarium of the Netherlands Universiteit Leiden Willemse, L.P.M.,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649e765503460f94b77338/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Collector names:
• different notation
Universiteit Leiden
Data format
Collector
Willemse, L.P.M.
Willemse, L.
Willemse
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Collector Addcoll
Mogea W.J.J.O. de Wilde
J.P.Mogea W.J.J.O. de Wilde
Mogea, J.P. Wilde, W.J.J.O. de
Mogea & W.J.J.O. de Wilde
Mogea; W.J.J.O. de Wilde
J.P.Mogea & W.J.J.O. de Wilde
J.Mogea & W. de Wilde
Universiteit Leiden
Data format
Collector names:• different notation
• more collectors
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Addcoll
P.C. van Welzen
van Welzen, P.C.
Van Welzen, P.C.
Welzen, P.C. van
Universiteit Leiden
Data format
Collector names:• different notation
• more collectors
• prepositions
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Collector names:• different notation
• more collectors • prepositions
• Titles/ranks & composition
title/ranks
composition
Sarifa Abu Bakar
Postar Jaiwit Miun
Yu Ming Ju
Ignatius Bernard
Duanis GuritamDr./Ir./Prof.
Hj. (Haji)
Mr./Mrs./M.
Père/Father
F.G./D.O.
Universiteit Leiden
Data format
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Collector Addcoll Prefix Number
Anderson, J.A.R. S 27682
Anderson, J.A.R. S27682
S Anderson, J.A.R. 27682
Universiteit Leiden
Data format
Collector number:
insitute series
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Collector number:• insitute series
• used more than once
Collector Addcoll Prefix Number Suffix
Clemens, J. Clemens, M.S. 30339
Clemens, J. Clemens, M.S. 30339 A!
Universiteit Leiden
Data format
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Collector number:• insitute series• used more than once
• more series
Collector Prefix Number Suffix
Beccari, O. Musci 167
Beccari, O. 167
Universiteit Leiden
Data format
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Collector number:• insitute series• used more than once• more series
• compound numbers
Prefix Number Suffix
920419-1/7
920419-1/ 7
920419- 1 /7
Universiteit Leiden
Data format
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• Data from different sources are rarely completely consistent
• Differences in format are “difficult” to solve (in comparison with differences in structure)
• Differences interfere with data exchange
• Many factors cause these differences
• Standardization data format underrated
Universiteit Leiden
Conclusions
![Page 20: The Importance of Standardization of the Data Format: A Case Study from the National Herbarium of the Netherlands Universiteit Leiden Willemse, L.P.M.,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649e765503460f94b77338/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
• more effort in promoting and findingmeans to enforce standards
• expand HISPID
• develop standard specimen labels
• standard for collector names
Universiteit Leiden
Recommendations