The Importance of OGC Standards for GIS Operations – WMS, WFS and Beyond Presentation to URISA...

The Importance of OGC Standards for GIS Operations – WMS, WFS and

Beyond

Presentation to URISA Ontario ChapterBe Spatial 2009

By Jury Konga and Chris North

May 5th,2009.

The Importance of OGC Standards for GIS OperationsFebruary 12, 2009.Ontario

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Acknowledgements

Sam Bacharach, Executive Director, Outreach and Community AdoptionOpen Geospatial Consortium (OGC)

Fellow workshop speakers for their thoughts

OGC - Much of the early material was provided by OGC and is copyrighted

NOTE: The views expressed are those of the presenters and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of their employers.


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Overview

Why are Open Standards Important?Open Geospatial Consortium – the short storyOGC and the “Web Standards World”Family of Web Services and OGC ScopeWhere to go for OGC StandardsSpatial Data InfrastructuresGIS operations and interoperability among systems.


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Why are Open Standards Important?

Without Standards that lead to Interoperability, there would be no:

INTERNET or WEB!CELLULAR TECHNOLOGY!TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS!ELECTRIC POWER DISTRIBUTION!

These industries offer huge benefits and enjoy widespread benefits as a result of using standards that enable interoperability – Can geospatial be any different?


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Why should we be interested in Open Geospatial Standards?

Data exchange and distribution is growingPublic sector data partnerships and data exchange requirements are going significantlyNeed for automating our processes to reduce drain on personnel resources

The Mashup WorldIncreasing combining of data from many sources to provide new perspectivesData originates from many organizations with differing systems/platforms and data standards

Common need – interoperability … enter OGC


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OGC - the short story

The Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. (OGC) is a not-for-profit international voluntary consensus standards organization leading the development of standards for geospatial and location based services.

OGC evolved out of a prior group, "Open GRASS Foundation“, which focused on the public domain software GRASS (Geographic Resource and Analysis Support System) from the early 1980s

In the early 1990s, government’s widespread use of commercial GIS software posed challenges in collaboration and data sharing:

the issue of data sharing had become important Actual “technical interoperability” – real-time communication of data and instructions between two different systems – was an idea only a few had explored.

OGC was founded with eight charter members (government, private sector and academia) at the time of its first Board of Directors meeting on September 25, 1994.


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OGC - the short story

The OGC facilitates a consensus process in which government, private industry, and academia collaborate to create open and extensible software application programming interfaces for geospatial and other mainstream information technologies.

OGC has continued to make progress, from the Specification Program's first approved implementation specification in 1997 and the first Interoperability Program testbed (Web Mapping Testbed) in 1999 to today's broad array of specifications and initiatives.

In 2004, the original name Open GIS Consortium, was replaced by Open Geospatial Consortium to reflect a wider scope: “Location Based Services, Imagery Exploitation, Cartography and Mapping, Transportation and GIS”

OGC members have spent over 18 years doing the organizing work for you to leverage today.


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Where does OGC fit in theWhere does OGC fit in the ‘standards world’? ‘standards world’?

IETF / W3CInfrastructure: WSDL, UDDI, SOAP, XML

ISO – CEN ANSI / CGSB

Domains: Object / Abstract Models, Content,

Vocabulary

OGCSoftware

Interfaces: Instantiate Domain and Dejure into

Infrastructure

DeFacto

De J

ure

Domain Infrastructure

UserContent

Via OGCInterfaces

IT Infrastructure

© 2008 Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.


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OGC Alliance Partnerships OGC Alliance Partnerships A Critical Resource for Advancing StandardsA Critical Resource for Advancing Standards

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)COMCAREDigital Geospatial Information Working Group (DGIWG) Global Spatial Data Infrastructure Association (GSDI)Group on Earth ObservationsInternational Organization for Standards (ISO) Technical Committee 211OASIS (ACXML)Object Management Group (OMG)Open Mobile Alliance (OMA)Open Grid Forum (OGF)Simulation Interoperability Standards OrganizationInternational Alliance for Interoperability (IAI) IEEE Geoscience & Remote Sensing SocietyIEEE Technical Committee 9 (Sensor Web)Taxonomic Data Working Group (TDWG)


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The Results of OGC Work

Easier integration leading to lower costs

Easier sharing with other departments, businesses, countries leading to faster communication

Easier data sharing leading to more data available

Ability to spend less of your money reinventing the wheel

Ability to spend more of your money doing your job

What’s the scope and future of OGC work?


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The Family of Web Services

W3C origin of “web services” – SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol),UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery and Integration), WSDL (Web Services Description Language) Family of web services expanding dramatically

Example – Ontario University masters research project: Interoperability in Sensor Networks

Component is Mapping Web ServiceAlso Sensor Web Service

Source: http://faculty.uoit.ca/liscano/projects.html


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Example - Sensor Web Enablement Example - Sensor Web Enablement (SWE)(SWE)

(think about live resources)(think about live resources)


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The spatial web is enabled by OGC standards

Web Map Service (OGC & ISO) Style Layer Descriptor (OGC)Feature Model & GML (OGC & ISO) Web Feature Service (OGC)Web Coverage Service (OGC)Web Map Context (OGC)Catalogue (OGC )Metadata (ISO 19115 & OGC)Web Processing Service (OGC)Others…

Just as http:// is the dial tone of the World Wide Web, and html / xml are the standard encodings, the spatial web is enabled by OGC standards, such as…


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© 2008 Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc.

An Example of the State of Interoperability TodayAn Example of the State of Interoperability Today- Heildelberg, Germany 3D OGC Standards to - Heildelberg, Germany 3D OGC Standards to

Model CityModel City

Source: http://www.opengeospatial.org/press/newsletters/200810


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Getting to Know OGC - OGC Network

http://www.ogcnetwork.net/


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Getting to Know OGC - OGC Network - LEARN

Learn ComponentsArticlesCourses, Journals & PapersDiscussion forums, email listsPresentations, Tutorials and Video links

TUTORIAL


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Getting to Know OGC - Another Resource

Implementing Tab on Homepage

Registered ProductsOGC “Cookbooks” – How To ….

WMSWFS in development

DemonstrationsExample – CGDI Web Services: Contact, Use Case, Demo movie And URL


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Spatial Data Infrastructure Spatial Data Infrastructure CapabilitiesCapabilities

Many Aspects to ConsiderMany Aspects to Consider

• DataData• ProcessesProcesses• TechnologyTechnology• ServicesServices• ProductsProducts• PeoplePeople• SkillsSkills• HardwareHardware• InteroperabilityInteroperability• ……


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Business Drivers for SDI

Lower risk in decision making and minimize loss of data.Maximize the value of spatial data resources.Make staff more responsive and creative via new platforms that leverage data assets to create value.Enhance knowledge sharing and integration.Improve responsiveness in identifying new projects and targets on global, regional and local fronts.Enables earlier and more thorough identification of new opportunities and issues.


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SDI Come in Many FlavorsSDI Come in Many Flavors

National SDINational SDIUS NSDI, EU INSPIRE, Group on Earth Observation, Canadian, US NSDI, EU INSPIRE, Group on Earth Observation, Canadian, Federated catalogs with 10,000 to 100,000+ itemsFederated catalogs with 10,000 to 100,000+ itemsBroker between data providers and usersBroker between data providers and usersOften National Mapping Agency ledOften National Mapping Agency led

ClearinghousesClearinghousesCroatia, Lithuania, Italy, Slovenia, Netherlands, France, Croatia, Lithuania, Italy, Slovenia, Netherlands, France, Arkansas, Mississippi, Kentucky, GEOArkansas, Mississippi, Kentucky, GEOOften act as focal site for data distributionOften act as focal site for data distributionDomain Applications complement catalogDomain Applications complement catalogOften hosted by National Mapping AgenciesOften hosted by National Mapping Agencies

Enterprise SDIEnterprise SDIUSGS, NATO, US EPA, BHP Billiton…USGS, NATO, US EPA, BHP Billiton…Cost reductionCost reductionIntegrate in Enterprise Service Architectures for Mapping Integrate in Enterprise Service Architectures for Mapping ModernizationModernization


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SDI Require Interoperability SDI Require Interoperability Standards Standards

Multiple ApproachesMultiple Approaches

Simple feature classHaul Contains Z values

Contains M valuesGeometry Point

NoNo

Data typeField namePrec-ision Scale LengthDomainDefault value

Allownulls

OBJECTID Object IDSHAPE Geometry Yes

HAULJOIN Long integer No 0VESSELCODE Long integer No 0

CRUISE Long integer No 0HAUL Long integer No 0

STATION_ID String No 7SSTEMP Float No 0 0

BOTTOMTEMP Float No 0 0EFFORT Float No 0 0

DataSourceID String Yes 50

TableDataSource


Allownulls

OBJECTID Object IDDESC_ String Yes 35

SOURCE String Yes 35CONTACT String Yes 20

PREC String Yes 20CREATE_DATE Long integer Yes 0LAST_UPDATED Long integer Yes 0

DataSourceID String Yes 50

TableFishCatch


Allownulls

OBJECTID Object IDHAULJOIN Long integer No 0

SPECIESCODE Long integer No 0LATINNAME String No 28

COMMONNAME String No 21WEIGHTCPUE Double No 0 0NUMBERCPUE Double No 0 0

Relationship class

NamePrimary keyForeign key

TypeCardinalityNotification

Forward labelBackward label

No relationship rules defined.

DataSourceHasHaul

Origin table Destination feature class

SimpleOne to manyNone

HaulDataSource

DataSourceDataSourceIDDataSourceID

HaulName

Relationship class

NamePrimary keyForeign key

TypeCardinalityNotification

Forward labelBackward label

No relationship rules defined.

HaulHasFishCatch

Origin feature class Destination table

SimpleOne to manyNone

FishCatchHaul

HaulHAULJOINHAULJOIN

FishCatchName

Content StandardsContent Standards• Data Models Data Models • MetadataMetadata

Transformation Procedures Transformation Procedures • FormatsFormats• SchemaSchema• SemanticSemantic

ETL = Extract, ETL = Extract, Transform & Load DataTransform & Load Data

Technology StandardsTechnology Standards• Web ServicesWeb Services• OGC/ISOOGC/ISO• DXF, KML, GeoRSS, . . . DXF, KML, GeoRSS, . . .

WMSWMS WFSWFS WCSWCS CSWCSW

GIS DesktopGIS Desktop

WFS-TWFS-TGMLGML

GIS ServerGIS Server

KMLKML


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SDI Require Data Models

Data Models Capture:ContentRelationshipsTopologySemanticsSyntacticsAssets

What Models do your Partners

Use?

WaterWater

EnvironmentEnvironment

EmergencyEmergencyResponseResponse

AgricultureAgriculture

CadastreCadastre


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SDI Require Workflow SDI Require Workflow Management Management

Executive DashboardsExecutive Dashboardsoffer Insight into Processesoffer Insight into Processes

Repeatable Processes Repeatable Processes Increase EfficiencyIncrease Efficiency


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SDI Require End-user SDI Require End-user ApplicationsApplications

FeedsFeeds

Structured andStructured andunstructured metadataunstructured metadata

SOASOA

Mash UpMash Up

Multiple ClientMultiple ClientPlatformsPlatforms

Desktop GIS Desktop GIS


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SDI Requires Serving and SDI Requires Serving and Consuming Information FeedsConsuming Information Feeds

Feed Types:Feed Types:• RSSRSS• GeoRSSGeoRSS• CAPCAP• KMLKML• SensorMLSensorML• VideoVideo

Producers:Producers:• Mobile ClientsMobile Clients• In-situ sensorsIn-situ sensors

Consumers:Consumers:• VisualizeVisualize• AnalyzeAnalyze


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SDI Result in Products and SDI Result in Products and ServicesServices

GIS PortalsGIS PortalsStore-frontStore-front

Products and Services

Products and Services

AnalysisAnalysis

BoundariesBoundariesTopographyTopography

HydrographyHydrography

GeodeticsGeodetics

TransportationTransportation

ImageryImagery

PublishersPublishers UsersUsers


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SDI Needs to Support Many Client Platforms

Web MapWeb MapViewersViewers

DesktopsDesktops

2D / 3D2D / 3DExplorersExplorers

MobileMobileDevicesDevices

OpenOpenAPIsAPIs

GISGISDesktopDesktop

AuthorAuthor

ManagementManagement

VisualizationVisualization

AnalysisAnalysis

Manage-ServeManage-Serve

Find-Integrate-UseFind-Integrate-Use

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