The Importance of IP in Innovation, Promotion and its ...
Transcript of The Importance of IP in Innovation, Promotion and its ...
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Toshihiro KOSE
Director-General,
Trademark, Design and
Administrative Affairs Department
Japan Patent Office
March 12, 2013
The Importance of IP in Innovation,
Promotion and its Exploitation;
Japan’s Case
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Contents
1.History of Intellectual Property (IP) System and
Innovations in Japan
2. Cases of Japanese Companies’ Innovation
3. Japanese Government’s Policies for Promoting
Innovations
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Korekiyo Takahashi
(First JPO Commissioner,
who became a prime
minister later)
Original JPO Bldg.
(Established in 1885)
History of JPO and the Industrial Property Rights System (1)
1884 Enactment of Trademark Act
1885 Enactment of Patent Act and establishment
of the Japan Patent Office (JPO)
1889 Enactment of Design Act
1896 Beginning of Foreign Applications
1899 Accession to Paris Convention
1905 Enactment of Utility Model Law
Establishment of the IPR System in JapanEstablishment of the IPR System in Japan
Modern industrializationModern industrialization
Panels of ten great
Japanese inventors
(100th Anniversary
Project)
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Present JPO Bldg.
(completed in 1989)
History of JPO and the Industrial Property Rights System (2)
1959 Revision of IP Laws (Patent, Utility Model, Trademark, Design)
1975 Accession to World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
1978 Accession to Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)
1990 Introduction of Electronic applications
2000 Accession to Madrid Protocol
2002 Enactment of Intellectual Property Basic Act
2005 Establishment of IP High Court
2006 Start of Patent Prosecution Highway (PPH)
2010 125th Anniversary of IPR system in Japan
Period of Economic GrowthPeriod of Economic Growth
Period of Period of Economic Economic GlobalizGlobalizationation
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No. of Patent Applications and TrendNo. of Patent Applications and TrendNo. of Patent Applications and TrendNo. of Patent Applications and Trendin GDP (Japan)in GDP (Japan)in GDP (Japan)in GDP (Japan)
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100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
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1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010year
billion yen
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500,000
Number of PatentApplications
Gr oss Domest i c Pr oduct
Number of Pat entAppl i cat i ons
Number of Patent Applications and Trend in GDP
[Source] IMF,WIPO IP Statistics
Innovation has been accelerating according to economic growth,
followed by the increasing number of patent applications.
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Resident Patent Applications per R&D Expenditure,
2003-2007
Log Resident Patent
Applications
Log R&D Expenditure
Resident Patent Applications per R&D Expenditure,
2003-2007
Log Resident Patent
Applications
Log R&D Expenditure[Source] World Intellectual Property Indicators 2009
In Japan, compared to other foreign countries, a larger amount of money has been spent on R&D activities, all while a significant number of patent applications have been filed.
Number of Patent Applications and R&D Expenditure
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Changes in the Number of Overseas Applications Filed by JapaneseChanges in the Number of Overseas Applications Filed by JapaneseChanges in the Number of Overseas Applications Filed by JapaneseChanges in the Number of Overseas Applications Filed by Japanese CompaniesCompaniesCompaniesCompanies
With corporate activities becoming more
globalized, Japanese companies have
increased the number of applications
that they filed in foreign countries for
patents, designs, and trademarks.
■Number of PCT Applications from Japan
■ Number of TrademarkTrademarkTrademarkTrademark Applications for International Registration from Japan
■Number of Design Applications Filed in Foreign Countries by Japanese Applicants
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500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 (year)
(Number)
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2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011(year)
(Number)
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2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012(year)
(Number)
[Source] Patents and trademarks: JPO statistics Design: WIPO IP Statistics
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Trends in Japan’’’’s Balance of Trade in Terms of Technology
貿易収支貿易収支貿易収支貿易収支パワポパワポパワポパワポ
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2009
2010
(Fiscal year)
(billion\)
Export (amount received)
Import (amount paid)
Balance (exports - imports)
Based on the technological precedence of Japanese companies, Japan’s
technological trade surplus has grown to 2 trillion yen per year.
Based on the “Report of the Survey on Science and Technology.
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Contents
1.History of Intellectual Property (IP) System and
Innovations in Japan
2. Cases of Japanese Companies’ Innovation
3. Japanese Government’s Policies for Promoting
Innovations
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Company’s Roots Entry into a New Business Area
9Source: http://www.toyota-global.com/
Toyota Case(Utilization of Patent,Design,TM)
in 1924
Patent Design
Trademark
Capital: $5 billion, Annual sales: $240 billion
Today
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Gradually
expanded
operations
The company started by making minor
improvements to wiring equipment ・・・・・・・・・・・・
Company’s Roots Workplace The first product
Today
Capital: $3 billion
Annual sales: $110 billion Source: http://panasonic.net/
Panasonic Case (Creation and Protection)
in 1918
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Sumitomo Chemical Case
Contributions to Africa through Japanese Innovations
�Olyset Net The company developed mosquito
nets containing insecticides in
their threads.
(The repellent lasts more than 5 years)
→→→→WHO recommends using them.
�Approx. 29 million are produced per year
�Approx. 7,000 jobs were created (as of August 2010)
�Local production in Tanzania Granted manufacturing technology without
any charge to local companies
Set up a joint venture with local companies
Source: http://www.sumitomo-chem.co.jp/csr/africa/index.html
(Registered Trademark)
→→→→ providing under the Trademark of ““““Olyset Net””””in the world, focused on Africa.
®
®
• Synthetic chemical company
• R&D with the effective use of IP
such as patents.
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Innovations are not always created based on advanced technologies.
Examples of Familiar Innovations
・Outstanding designs
・Obtained funding based on the registered design right
Before being opened,
it protects vegetables.
After being opens, it serves as a plate.
Some were based on excellent ideas and concepts developed by Some were based on excellent ideas and concepts developed by SMEsSMEs and individualsand individuals..
【【【【Animal rubber band】】】】【【【【Packing Container】】】】
・Patents were filed and protected overseas
・Company sought business partners
overseas
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“Plant Factory” as a new style of agriculture.
Computerized control of environmental items including light, water, temperature, and humidity.
Stable and efficient production of delicious, safe and worry-free, and nutritious vegetables
throughout the year.
Can be set up in sites other than farmlands since it can be set up anywhere.
Innovation from Agriculture
××××Blocks out the outer
world to prevent
pests and diseases
Can be set up anywhere
Organic vegetables
that are safe and
worry-free
Utilize unused land
Computerized
environmental
control
High productivity
throughout the year
Control nutrition and
light wavelength
Nutritious vegetables
Controls light, temperature, carbon dioxide level, moisture content, and nutrition
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Commercializ
e inventions!
Expand our
business using
the new
product!
We lack R&D
capabilities …
We don’t know how to
apply our research
results …
Company
commercializes
university’s
research results
Fill the gaps in each other’s weak
areas
Ajinomoto Case (Industry-University Cooperation)
� “Umami” seasoning
by Prof. Kikunae Ikeda
(Tokyo University)
in 1907
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Contents
1.History of Intellectual Property (IP) System and
Innovations in Japan
2. Cases of Japanese Companies’ Innovation
3. Japanese Government’s Policies for Promoting
Innovations
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Intellectual Property Cycle
The ultimate goal is to make IP cycle more robust and more dynamic.
Creation(Invention)
Protection(Granting of
rights)
Utilizationof rights
Filingapplications
Industrial property rights
Profit
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Changes in IP Strategies (Design / Brand)
Design
Trademark
Product name, Brand
name, LogotypeIP Rights
Pat. No. 4743919 Design of operation screen
Design of appearance
Reg. No. 1356982 Handheld Terminal
Reg. No. 1326330 Handheld Terminal
Image of Compound Protection of IP Rights
Tablet Information
Terminal Device
Technology of scrolling a screen using a touch screen
Patent
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Government-driven Innovations (Areas of Advanced Technologies)
Promotion of innovations and patent filings of the results.
【Environment/Energy】
Lithium-ion batteries
Batteries are applied to a car.
LED
Street light LCD TV
iPS cells
Professor Yamanaka
【Life sciences】
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60ライフサイエンス
情報通信
ナノテクノロジー・材料
環境
エネルギー
ものづくり
社会基盤
フロンティア
日本国籍
米国籍
欧州国籍
(%)Life sciences
Monozukuri
Energy
Environment
Nanomaterialstechnology
Information &Telecommunication
JPUSEU
【Comparison between Japan/US/Europe
Patent Applications Published in 2007】
Socialinfrastructures
Frontiersciences
【Nanomaterials technology】
Japanese Government has designated
important eight technological areas
Research expenses / supports are
intensively supplied.
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IP Strategy IP Strategy HeadquartersHeadquarters
Headed by:
The Prime Minister
Headquarters members:
All the Ministers and
10 experts
Headed by:
The Prime Minister
Headquarters members:
All the Ministers and
10 experts
Intellectual Property Strategic Program 2012
1. Comprehensive IP Innovation Strategy
2. Comprehensive content strategies to boost Japan
Extracted from the Intellectual Property Strategic Program 2012
IP Strategic Program
IP Strategy Headquarters formulate the “IP Strategic Program” every year.
Government ministries and agencies implement measures based on the programs.
The IP Strategic Program 2012 was formulated on May 29th, 2012.
Intellectual Property Strategic Program
Other MinistriesJPO Companies Universities
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Industrial Development
Establishing IP infrastructure
Promoting the creation,
protection and utilization of IPRs
� Developing IP laws
� Environment for IPR
enforcement
� Developing IP experts
� Raising awareness on the
importance of IPRs
� Subsidies for Innovations
� Formulating IP strategies
� Facilitating collaboration
between industry and
academia
Road to Industrial Development
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� Providing JPO Examination Results in English via the Internet
→→→→ Reduces work load of foreign examiners
�AIPN: Advanced Industrial Property Network
� The AIPN started on 12 October 2004, now it is used
in 61 IPOs all over the world. (14 African IPOs )
� Free of Charge
�WIPO Japan FIT for Africa & LDC
� Established in 2008
� 1.1 million CHF voluntary contribution per annum
� Examples of Activities for Africa
• About 10 seminars in a year on various themes
• Fellowships for Masters Degree in Intellectual Property (MIP)
• Supports for IP Offices digitization and TISCs activities
• Invitation to training programs in Tokyo, Japan
� For registration: [email protected]
JPOJPO
IPOs JPO
J-E machine
translation
Support Activities by JPO