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THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PLAN STRATEGY TO TEACH

STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION IN JUNIOR SECONDARY

SCHOOL

By:

ANNISA RIZQIANA

17716251031

This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of requirement for the

attainment of a Master of Education degree

ENGLISH EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM

GRADUATE SCHOOL

YOGYAKARTA STATE UNIVERSITY

2019

brought to you by COREView metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk

provided by Lumbung Pustaka UNY (UNY Repository)

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DEDICATION

This thesis is dedicated to:

My gorgeous husband, Eko Rohmad Kuncoro.

My beloved parents, Moch. Yasin and Lainatus Shifah.

My lovely siblings,

Abdul Rasyid, Shifana Putri Aulia, and Moch. Iqbal Fahriza

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MOTTO

“Whenever you did good, it was to your own advantage; and whenever you

committed evil, it was to your own disadvantage” (QS. Al-Isra’: 7)

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First of all, praise belongs to the one and only Allah SWT. Thanks for all of

the grace, the chance to have such a beautiful life, and the opportunity to study and

finish this thesis. Praise to Muhammad SAW and his companion as Allah’s

messenger.

The success of this thesis depends largely on the encouragement and

guidelines of several people. The researcher takes this opportunity to express her

gratitude to those who have given her strength and support to finish this project.

I would like to express my gratitude to my supervisor, Ibu Anita Triastuti Ph.

D. for all of her guidance, suggestions, motivation, and encouragement during the

process of this thesis writing. I am deeply indebted to her for her help. Secondly, I

would also like to express my gratitude to Bapak Dr. Agus Widyantoro, M. Pd. for

his kindness to validate my research instruments and Bapak Basikin, S. Pd. M. Phil,

M. Ed., Ph. D. for his-kind heartedness to review my thesis.

A very sincere gratitude goes to the lecturers of the English Department for

the guidance and supports during my study. Then, the authority of Yogyakarta State

University for good environment and facilities to complete this project. Next, I also

thank to the principals, vice principals, and English teachers of three schools who

have given the permission to me to carry out the research there. Also, for the

students who have participated in my research, I do appreciate their participation.

Most importantly, I would like to send my greatest gratitude to my beloved

parents, brothers, sister, and my husband who always mention my name in their

prayers and give endless support and love.

Finally, I would also thank my close friends in Yogyakarta; Isti, Erna, and

Mia and all my amazing family who have supported me throughout the entire

process. I will be thankful forever for their support, love, and prayer they sent to

me. I am so grateful for being their friend.

Yogyakarta,

The Researcher,

Annisa Rizqiana

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ABSTRACT

ANNISA RIZQIANA: The Implementation of the PLAN Strategy to Teach

Students’ Reading Comprehension in Junior Secondary School. Thesis:

Yogyakarta: Graduate School, Yogyakarta State University, 2019.

This study aims to find out whether there is a significant difference

between students who implemented the PLAN strategy and those who applied the

conventional strategy used by teacher.

This research was classified as a quasi-experimental research with pretest-

posttest group design research design. Population of this study were grade VIII

students at junior secondary schools in Jombang. The researcher decided to choose

research subjects through stratified random sampling representing to school

stratification, and using randomized-group sampling to decide which class allocated

as experimental and control groups. The instrument used for data collection was in

the form of multiple-choice test about recount text. The data of the pretest and

posttest of those schools were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential

statistics. After the data were tested and found to be normal and homogenous, the

research tested the hypothesis by using One-Way Anova test.

The result of the pretest and posttest analysis showed that there is a

significant difference (F(1,147) = 333.302; p = 0.00) between the students who

were taught by using the PLAN strategy and those who learnt reading with the

reading strategy used by the teacher.

Keywords: junior secondary schools, reading comprehension, the PLAN

strategy.

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ABSTRAK

ANNISA RIZQIANA: Penerapan Strategi PLAN untuk Mengajar Pemahaman

Bacaan Siswa di Sekolah Menengah Pertama. Tesis: Yogyakarta: Program

Pascasarjana, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, 2019.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada perbedaan yang

signifikan antara siswa yang menerapkan strategi PLAN dan mereka yang

menerapkan strategi konvensional yang digunakan oleh guru.

Penelitian ini digolongkan sebagai penelitian eksperimental semu dengan

desain penelitian pretest-posttest group design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa

kelas VIII di sekolah menengah pertama di Jombang. Peneliti memutuskan untuk

memilih subjek penelitian melalui stratified random sampling yang mewakili

stratifikasi sekolah, dan menggunakan randomized-group sampling untuk

memutuskan kelas mana sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan kontrol. Instrumen

yang digunakan untuk pengumpulan data adalah tes pilihan ganda tentang teks

recount. Data pretest dan posttest sekolah dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik

deskriptif dan inferensial. Setelah data diuji dan ditemukan normal dan homogen,

penelitian menguji hipotesis dengan menggunakan uji One-Way Anova.

Hasil analisis pretest dan posttest menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang

signifikan (F (1,147) = 333,302; p = 0,00) antara siswa yang diajar dengan

menggunakan strategi PLAN dan mereka yang belajar membaca dengan strategi

membaca yang digunakan oleh guru.

Kata Kunci: siswa sekolah menengah pertama, pemahaman membaca, strategi

PLAN.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................... ii

ABSTRAK .......................................................................................................... viii

DECLARATION OF AUTHENTICITY ............... Error! Bookmark not defined.

RATIFICATION SHEET .................................................................................... v

DEDICATION ...................................................................................................... vi

MOTTO ............................................................................................................... vii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................. viii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

A. Background of the Study ............................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

B. Identification of the Problems .................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

C. Delimitation of the Problem ....................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

D. Problem Formulation ................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

E. Research Objectives ................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

F. Significance of the Study ........................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ............... Error! Bookmark not defined.

A. Theoretical Review .................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1. Teaching Reading ................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

a. Reading as Meaning Making Activity . Error! Bookmark not defined.

b. Reading Comprehension as an Interactive Process for

Building Meaning ..................................................................................... 8

c. Literal Reading Comprehension Level for Indonesian Junior

Secondary School Students ...................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

d.Recount Text ........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

e. Required Micro and Macro Skills of Reading ... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

f. Interactive Model ................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

g. Appropriate Strategy in Teaching Reading Comprehension ....... Error!

Bookmark not defined.

h. Assesing Students’ Reading Comprehension with Multiple .................

Choice Test ............................................................................................. 20

i. Genre-based Approach for Teaching Reading ... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

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2. The Predict, Locate, Add, and Note (PLAN) Strategy Error! Bookmark

not defined.

a. The PLAN Strategy as a Way to Embody Strategic Readers ...... Error!

Bookmark not defined.

b. The PLAN Strategy Procedures for Supporting Reading

Comprehension.................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

c. The Implementation of the PLAN Strategy in Text-based ....................

Instruction ................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

d. The Contributions of the PLAN Strategy for Students’ Reading

Comprehension Improvement and Its Drawbacks ... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

B. Relevant Previous Studies .......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

C. Conceptual Framework .............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

D. Hypothesis .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD ................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

A. Research Design ......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

B. Time and Place of the Research ................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

C. Population and Research Sampling ............ Error! Bookmark not defined.

1. Population ............................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2. Research Sampling ................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

a. Stratified Random Sampling Technique ............ Error! Bookmark not

defined.

b. Randomized-Group Sampling ............. Error! Bookmark not defined.

D. Variable of the Research ............................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

E. Description of the Treatment ..................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

F. Data Collection Techniques and Instruments .......... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

G. Data Analysis Techniques .......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION Error! Bookmark

not defined.

A. Description of the Research Findings ......... Error! Bookmark not defined.

B. Hypothesis Testing Result .......................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

C. Discussion ................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

D. Limitation of the Study ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

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CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ......... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

A. Conclusion .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

B. Implication ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

C. Suggestion .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

REFERENCES ......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

APPENDICES .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. The Research Samples ............................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Table 2. Value of the Reliability Coefficient ......... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Table 3. The Result of Descriptive Statistics ......... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Table 4. The Result of the Normality Test ............. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Table 5. The Result of the Homogeneity Test ...................................................... 54

Table 6. One-Way ANOVA Test ........................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework ........................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Figure 2. Pretest and Posttest Design ..................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

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LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 1. The School Categorization in SMPN Kabupaten Jombang ............. 73

Appendix 2. The Research Schedule .................................................................... 78

Appendix 3. Blueprint of Pretes and Posttest........................................................ 79

Appendix 4. Pretest and Posttest Items ................................................................. 84

Appendix 5. Lesson Plan for the Experimental Groups ........................................ 98

Appendix 6. Students’ Worksheet for the Experimental Groups ........................ 112

Appendix 7. Lesson Plan for the Control Groups ............................................... 148

Appendix 8. Students’ Worksheet for the Control Group ................................... 160

Appendix 9. Students’ Pretest and Posttest Scores ............................................. 195

Appendix 10. Descriptive Statistics Results ....................................................... 198

Appendix 11. Normality Test Table Results ....................................................... 199

Appendix 12. Homogenieity Test Table Results ................................................ 200

Appendix 13. Hypothesis Test Table Results ..................................................... 202

Appendix 14. Documentation ............................................................................. 203

Appendix 15. Validation Letter .......................................................................... 204