Why collect data on age and gender. Hege Salvesen Blix (Norway)
The Impact of School Siting on Children's Health and ......The Impact of School Siting on...
Transcript of The Impact of School Siting on Children's Health and ......The Impact of School Siting on...
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The Impact of School Sitingon Children’s Health and Physical ActivityDavid SalvesenCenter for Urban and Regional StudiesUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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The Built Environment• Land use – density, mix of uses• Transportation system – roads, sidewalks,
street pattern, accessibility, connectivity• Urban design – trees, aesthetics, scenery
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Land Use
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Land Use Pattern: Low-density Subdivision
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Llewellyn Park
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Separation vs. Integration of Uses
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Transportation System
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Design
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School Siting Trends • Larger schools on
bigger sites • More distant locations
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Schools Getting LargerMedian Square Footage of Schools
-10,00020,00030,00040,00050,00060,00070,00080,00090,000
100,000
Before
1920
1920
s19
30s
1940
s19
50s
1960
s19
70s
1980
s19
90s
2000
or la
ter
Year of First Building
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Factors Driving School Siting Trends• Suburbanization
• Build where the kids are
• Economics• Economies of scale• Land cheaper on suburban fringe
• State Policies• Consolidation• Facilities guidelines
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NC Policies: Facilities Guidelines
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Impacts of the Trends
• More students arriving by car
• Traffic jams at schools• Fewer kids walking or
biking to school
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Decline in Walking & Biking to School• In 1969, 48% of
students between the ages of five and 15 walked/biked to school.
• In 2001, less than 15% walked and only 1 % rode bikes
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Obstacles to Walking• National survey (800 adults) in 2002
• Reasons for not walking: • Too far (66%)• No safe route (17%) • Not convenient (15%)
STTP, 2002
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Other Obstacles
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Travel to School
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Neighborhood Unit (Perry, 1929)
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Mary Scroggs Elementary
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Site Plan: Southern Village
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Concluding Remarks• Walkable schools require walkable neighborhoods • Need for collaboration between school boards
and local governments• Changing built environment isn’t sufficient,
attitudes & perceptions matter too. • Tradeoffs between walking and diversity• Encouraging more children to walk or bike to
school may put them at greater risk