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International Journal of Library and Information Studies Vol.8(3) Jul-Sep, 2018 ISSN: 2231-4911

UGC Approved/Jr.No.64344 --- http://www.ijlis.org 1 | P a g e

The Impact of Disruptive Technology in a Library: A study at the Goa University

Sr Nancy Waral

e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract - Disruptive technology means one technology over powers other and removes it completely. Internet has become the most powerful and effective tool for the academics. It helps students as a medium of communication and also as a great source of academic information. Computer facilities with access to the Internet are very common in libraries. However, lately the ubiquitous availability of high bandwidth connectivity even on the mobile devices has changed the scenario a lot. Academics started using the mobile devices to connect to the Internet than coming to the public facilities in the library. The reason for this change is basically that the mobile devices are always with them and they need not move to the library. They can use it at their convenience. This study focuses on the phenomenon of decreasing number of students visiting the libraries for Internet facility and finds out the basic reasons behind this phenomenon. Has the disruptive technology (Mobile devices) with its impact, got to do with the library computer center library and usage by students, is the central theme for this study. The study on the impact of the disruptive technology reveals that majority of the students owned their mobile devices and they preferred to access the Internet through it. 100% of the students owned smart phones and they actively used it for accessing the Internet. They used the smart phones mainly for social media access and academic purposes. Keywords: Disruptive technology, mobile devices, Internet, smart phones, desktops.

1. Introduction Disruptive Technology has transformed the world to a new digital era. Most of our activities are based on this new digital era; For example; the way we think, the way we buy things, the way we communicate, or the way we share the information etc; all of them have been changed into digital mode. If we want anything we can get it in a single click in our hand. Technically we have moved far ahead in the recent past. We are in the 6th evolution with main frame like minicomputers, desktop, internet, mobile, cloud\ social. The development from main frame to cloud has shown in Morgan Stanley’s report that mainframes took some 20 years to reach mass commercialization; mobile has taken about 7 years and social has taken only about 3 years. Some years back only computers were seen and were in use everywhere; yet many did not have their own computers. People went to cyber cell or other places to use the computers. But now they are everywhere, and the size has been changed into the palm of the people. Now we are fully depending on the digital machines without them we are completely lost. They have taken control of our life journey. Today, the Internet is the most powerful weapon in the world, with which one can acquire almost everything. Internet connects the people all around the world. With the help of the



internet we can come to know what is happening in and around the world within a fraction of a second; everything is available on our fingertips with a single click. It has become a part of our daily life. We cannot think and live without getting access to the Internet and the services provided by it. Now a days the libraries are disrupted by technological innovations, as a result the users are prefer to use their mobile devices to access the internet than coming to the libraries and accessing the internet through desktops. This article focuses on how the disruptive technology affected the Goa university library. Objectives

1. To know how disruptive technology affected the Goa University library. 2. To find out the students attitudes towards mobile devices for accessing the

internet. 3. To assess the usage of desktop computer available to students in the library.

Research Methodology The main aim of the study is to know the impact of disruptive technology in Goa University library. Keeping in mind the objectives of the study, a survey method was adopted to collect data from the PG students of Goa University. A structured questionnaire was distributed to 500 students of the University and the data was entered in MS - Excel and was coded and imported into SPSS for analysis. Data analysis and interpretations 1. Faculty Wise Responses Categorizing the samples into different faculties help the researcher to understand whether there is a difference in the usage of mobile on the basis of their subject.

Table: 1 Faculty wise responses received from the respondents Faculty Total Percentage

Management 90 18 Natural Sciences 89 17.80 Life Sciences 98 19.60 Social Sciences 115 23 Language and Literature 108 21.60 Total 500 100

Source: Primary data from Survey conducted. Table 1 represents the samples of students from different faculties. Out of 500 students 90(18%) belonged to the faculty of management, 89(17.80%) students were from Natural Science faculty, 98(19.60%) students were from Life science faculty, 115(23%) students belonged to Social Science faculty and finally 108(21.60%) students were from Language and Literature.



Inference: Among the five faculties the more number of respondents were from the Social Science faculty, followed by Language and Literature, Life Sciences, Management and Natural Sciences. 2. Devices used for accessing the Internet The development and modernization of the technology had made the students learning easier. The disruptive technology has brought everything in a single click at where ever we are. It is good to know how our new generation is moving to the rapid growth of the disruptive technology. Mainly students use laptops and smart phones for accessing the Internet.

Figure 1: Devices used for accessing the Internet

It has been seen from the figure 1 that of the 500 students 385(77%) owed their own mobile devices and accessed the Internet through mobile devices. 115(23%) respondents accessed the Internet from the desktops. Another important result noted from the figure, was, out of 500 students 97(18%) students used both mobile devices and desktops for accessing the Internet. In this present scenario the different models of mobile devices are introduced in the market, of which the students are well aware off, and they used for accessing the Internet. With the help of the mobile devices one can access the Internet according to once convenience. The use of desktop has declined; desktop technologies are getting outdated due to many limitations. From this study it’s clear to understand weather to have desktop in our libraries and departments. Due to number of limitations, old and young generations do not at all prefer to use the desktops. A similar study was conducted by Tara Coffin, the finding of the study show that the importance of mobile devices to access the Internet has significantly grown among students. Mobile devices provide ample of opportunity for the students to increase their creativity, innovations and fulfil their learning goals in a better way. Majority of the students owned different types of mobile devices. Tara Coffin(2013).

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Inference: Majority of the respondents preferred to access the internet through their mobile devices because of its various advantages. 3. Accessing the Internet on desktop computer As the result of disruptive technology and innovations, the uses of desktop for accessing the Internet are reducing.

Figure 2: Accessing the Internet on desktop computer

The figure 2 shows the survey of using desktop for accessing the Internet in Libraries, departments, home and other places like hostel and Cyber cafe. Out of 500 students 384(76.8%) responded to this question and 116(23.2%) did not respond. 122(24.4%) of the students were accessing the Internet through Library desktop, 127(25.4%) through departments, 103(20.6) through home desktop and 32(6.4%) through other places like hostel, Cyber cafe. The survey shows that desktop technology is getting outdated. The libraries and departments have a good number of deskstops but it was clear that the students preferred to access the Internet thruogh mobile devices. Inference: The respondents were not much intersted to use the desktops. They preferred to access the Internet through mobile devices and were in tune with the current technologies. 4. Accessing the Internet on terminals in the library In this present scenario the students are not interested to access the Internet from the desktops in the library because the new technologies have replaced the desktops, so the students prefer the new technologies. They are more in tune with accessing the internet through Mobile devices, as these devices have good accessibility and mobility.

122

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32Internet through desktop

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Figure 3: Accessing the Internet on terminals in the library

The above graph depicts, of the 500 respondents only 40(8%) were frequently accessing the internet from the library terminals and 58(11.6%) of them were often accessing the Internet, 128(25.6%) of the respondents were sometime accessing, 130(26%) of the respondents were rarely accessing and 144(28.8%) have never accessed Internet from the library desktop. Inference: It was clear from the study that hardily students used the terminals of the library to access the Internet. Majority of them were not visiting the computer cell of the library. Only few students used the desktops in the library frequently. 5. Accessing the Internet through mobile devices It is easy and convenient to access internet through mobile devices. They are portable and user friendly. One can access the Internet anywhere (bus, train, hospital, workplace, educational institution). Today mobile devices play a vital role in student’s life. They act as an effective learning tool for the education.

Figure 4: Accessing the Internet through mobile devices

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in the library

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It was clear from the bar graph that majority of respondents .i.e. out of 500 respondents 481(96.2%) were accessing Internet through smart phones, secondly 163(32.6%) respondents were through laptops and thirdly 121(24.2%) respondents were through tablet accessing the Internet. A similar study was found in one of the college in Uk regarding the access of Internet in smart phones. The students reported that Smart phones were their source of information and they used wide for the social networks. Nearly 8 to 10 hours they used smart phones to access the Internet and they too agreed that they spent more money to buy advanced smart phones than other devices. Inference: Majority of the respondents were using smart phones to access the Internet because the smart phones, were always with the students wherever they move they carry the smart phones with them and it has got ample facilities. 6. Use of mobile devices for academic purposes

Figure 5: Use of mobile devices for academic purposes

Figure 5 reveals the scale of using mobile devices for the academic purposes by the students. Of the 500 respondents 327(65.40%) agreed that mobile devices have become very useful. 116(23.2%) respondents agreed that mobile devices were useful, 48(9.6%) responded that they were satisfactory with mobile devices, 7(1.4%) responded, that the role of mobile devices in academic purposes were of little use only 2 respondents responded that mobile devices were not useful for academic purposes. A similar study was conducted among the graduate of occupational Therapy. The findings of the study show that majority of the students used their mobile devices to enhance learning inside and outside of the classroom. Another finding was out of 46 students 45 of them reported that they used their mobile devices for academic purposes. Inference: Majority of the students expressed that the mobile devices have become very useful for their academic purposes. From this study it was clear that the students fully depended upon the mobile devices and they used it as a source for their academic information. The new generation is fully in tune with mobile devices and they use the mobile devices to access the Internet.

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7. Frequency of using mobile devices for academic purposes

Figure 6: Frequency of using mobile devices for academic purposes

The above figure represents the frequency of using mobile devices for academic purposes. It was clearly evident from the figure that majority of the respondents i.e. was 302(60.4%) of respondents were frequently using mobile devices for academic purposes. 111(22.2%) of respondents responded that they often used. 70(14%) responded that they rarely used the mobile devices, 15(3%) responded that they rarely used and finally only 2 responded that they never used mobile devices for academic purposes. Mobile devices have become quick for accessing the Internet and a good number of academic activities can be carried out through the mobile devices. From the study it was also clear that the respondents moved as the mobile technology moved so the respondents were familiar with the latest technology. More than desktops the mobile devices were well advantaged. Majority of the students were not interested to go to library and access the information. They used their mobile devices for all the information. Inference: The findings of the study show that majority of the respondents frequently used mobile devices for their academic purposes. 8. Opinion 1 mobile devices are faster and convenient than desktop

Figure 7: Mobile devices are faster and convenient than desktop

The respondents were asked to give scale to the use of desktops and mobile devices. It was clear from the figure that majority of the respondents that was out of 500 respondents

302

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Frequency of using mobile devices for academic purposes

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294(58.8%) of them gave the scale of strongly agree, next the scale of agree was given by 135(27%) respondents. Thirdly 31(6.2%) respondents gave scale 3 i.e. was neutral followed by fourth scale disagree was given by 27(5.4%) and finally fifth scale was given 14(2.8%) respondents. Inference: Majority of the respondents agreed that mobile devices were faster and convenient than desktops. Conclusion The disruptive technology has extensively affected the Goa university library. It provides handful of opportunities to many around the world in different ways and makes it everything in one’s own conveniences. The researches show that the disruptive technologies have brought dramatic changes in the usage of Internet in the lives of millions of people. The study on the impact of disruptive technology reveals that majority of the students owned their mobile devices and they preferred to access the Internet through it. By the result of the disruptive technologies it is convenient and easy to access the internet through mobile devices. Majority of the students stated that it was very convenient to access the Internet in mobile devices than desktops. References

1. Coffin, Tara and Lyle,Henry (2013). The use mobile devices foracdemic purposes at the university of Washingdon. UW-IT, Academic and Collaborative Applications, 1-7

2. Deniz, Müjgan Hacıoğlu and Geyik, S. K. (2015). An Empirical research on general nternet usage patterns of undergraduate students. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195(3), 895-904.

3. Karisiddappa's, C. R. (2002). Internet in the changing educational scenario. 1-9. Available at http://ir.inflibnet.ac.in:8080/ir/bitstream/1944/42/1/pdf_40.pdf

4. Nilesh Jain, P. P. and others (2011). Internet as learning Tool: Indian Engineering student’s perception. Indian Journal of Computer Science and Engineering. Indian Journal of Computer Science and Engineering, 2(2), 244-247

5. Patricia, Odell M, Kathleen, O. Korgen, P. S. and Michael, Delucchi (2001). Internet use among female and male college students. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 3(5)

6. Renuka, G. Gurunathan, Deepa (2017). Usage of internet for academic purposes by undergraduate students. Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Education & Research. 7(1), 18-21

7. Roberts, Neil and Rees Michael (2014). Student use of mobile devices in university lectures. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology. Australian Journal of Educational Technology, 30(4), 415-426

8. Subramanian, S.S. and RAjesh, M. Sindhuja (2015). Impact of Smart Phone Usage among College Students – An Analytical Study. International Journal of Science and Research, 6(6), 588-590.

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