The Immune SystemKevin Nguyen

TJ Johnson

Introduction

A system of biological structures that defends organisms from disease causing particles.

Organisms can have innate immunity alone or with the addition adaptive immunity.

Cnidarians- Jellies

Very primitive immune system. May conduct phagocytosis against foreign particles.

Annelida- Oligochaete (earthworm)

Have innate immunity. Acquires cellular immunity through phagocytosis.

May have spontaneous cytotoxicity.

Arthopoda- Fruit FliesDevelops more complex

innate immunity with barrier defenses have hemocytes to perform phagocytosis.

Mammalia- HumansHave more

complex immune system with the addition of adaptive immunity.

Have immunological memories of previous infections.

Includes various interdependent relationships with other organ systems.

Innate Immunity

Occurs in all animals and is immediately active infection exposure. Does not target specific pathogens. No immunological memory.

Innate Immunity (Continued)

Barrier Defenses:

Internal Defenses:

Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Found only in vertebrates and targets specific pathogens. Have immunological memory of previous infection exposure.

Adaptive Immunity (Continued)

The cells are lymphocytes and are formed in the bone marrow. These includes B cells and T cells.

Adaptive Immunity (Overview)

B Cells (Recognition and Response)

T Cells (Recognition and Response)Helper T Cells Cytotoxic T Cells

Response Killer

Immune ResponseFurther

exposure to a specific antigen from a pathogen causes the increase production of certain antibodies.

Immune System Structures

Includes: bone marrow, thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes.

Interdependence with Other Systems

Active and Passive ImmunityActive Passive

Long lasting immunity, resulted by memorization for specific pathogens.

Short term immunity, where antibodies are transferred from mother to offspring.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Asthma

Works Cited

Reece, Jane, and Lisa Urry. AP Edition Campbell Biology Ninth Edition. San Francisco: Pearson Benjamin Cummings, 2011.

Wikipedia. Immune System. 23, March, 2012. Web. 21, March, 2012.

< http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immune_system>Universe Review CA. Anatomy of Animals. Web. 22, March,

2012. <http://universe-review.ca/R10-33-anatomy.htm>The Human Body @ NNHS. Immune System Organs and their

Functions. Web. 23, March, 2012.<http://bodywiki.wetpaint.com/page/

Immune+System+Organs+and+Their+Functions>.PubMed Health. Asthma. Web. 25, March, 2012.< http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001196/>.