The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An...
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Transcript of The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An...
![Page 1: The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An igloo in Hyde Park.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/551bffbd550346ad4f8b4b7b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Igloo
A Dome of Many Wonders
![Page 2: The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An igloo in Hyde Park.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/551bffbd550346ad4f8b4b7b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Outline
• Igloo basics
• Igloo science
• Construction of an igloo
• An igloo in Hyde Park
![Page 3: The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An igloo in Hyde Park.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/551bffbd550346ad4f8b4b7b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is an igloo?
• Comes from Inuit word for house
• Usually means a dome-shaped dwelling made of snow
• Not a quinzhee
![Page 4: The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An igloo in Hyde Park.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/551bffbd550346ad4f8b4b7b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Igloo Culture
• Igloos were built by Inuit in the Canadian central arctic and Greenland’s west shore
• Used mainly as temporary shelter on hunting trips
• Larger semi-permanent igloos were also built that could house several families
• Design of igloos varies between Inuit cultures
![Page 5: The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An igloo in Hyde Park.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/551bffbd550346ad4f8b4b7b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Igloo Physics
• A hemisphere is not a good dome shape
• Ideal dome shape is a catenary – Innuit design is very close to this ideal
• Height/Diameter = 0.3 for minimal stress
• But compression shrinking so it’s best to make H/D > 0.3
• Theoretical maximum size of igloo is:D = 34 ft., H = 12 ft.
![Page 6: The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An igloo in Hyde Park.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/551bffbd550346ad4f8b4b7b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An igloo in Hyde Park.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/551bffbd550346ad4f8b4b7b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Igloo Physics
• A hemisphere is not a good dome shape
• Ideal dome shape is a catenary – Innuit design is very close to this ideal
• Height/Diameter = 0.3 for minimal stress at base
• But compression shrinking so it’s best to make H/D > 0.3
• Theoretical maximum size of igloo is:D = 34 ft., H = 12 ft.
![Page 8: The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An igloo in Hyde Park.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/551bffbd550346ad4f8b4b7b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An igloo in Hyde Park.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/551bffbd550346ad4f8b4b7b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
More Igloo Physics
• Rate of heat flow through igloo given by
where Q/t = heat flow per unit time, k = thermal conductivity, A = area of interior/exterior of igloo, Ti = interior temperature, To = exterior temperature, L = thickness of igloo
• Can calculate Q/t in the interior making simple assumptions about people
• Using reasonable values, temperature difference between inside and outside can be about 60 C
L
TTkA
t
Q oi )(
![Page 10: The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An igloo in Hyde Park.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/551bffbd550346ad4f8b4b7b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Construction of an Igloo
• Snow must be packed
• Cut wedge shaped snow blocks using snow saw
• Lay blocks in helical pattern, cutting block thinner as you go up
• Dig a trough leading into igloo and cover with snow blocks
• Terrace interior to so that inhabitants are elevated
• Cut ventilation holes
![Page 11: The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An igloo in Hyde Park.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/551bffbd550346ad4f8b4b7b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Block laying pattern
![Page 12: The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An igloo in Hyde Park.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/551bffbd550346ad4f8b4b7b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Construction of an Igloo
• Snow must be packed
• Cut wedge shaped snow blocks using snow saw
• Lay blocks in helical pattern, cutting block thinner as you go up
• Dig a trough leading into igloo and cover with snow blocks
• Terrace interior to so that inhabitants are elevated
• Cut ventilation holes
![Page 13: The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An igloo in Hyde Park.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/551bffbd550346ad4f8b4b7b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Igloo Side View
![Page 14: The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An igloo in Hyde Park.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/551bffbd550346ad4f8b4b7b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Igloos of the Future
![Page 15: The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An igloo in Hyde Park.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/551bffbd550346ad4f8b4b7b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Building an Igloo in Hyde Park
• Problem: snow is not well packed– Solution: pack it into buckets
• Problem: snow is cold and not fun to touch– Solution: buy a shovel
• Problem: people throwing shit at your igloo– Solution: none
![Page 16: The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An igloo in Hyde Park.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/551bffbd550346ad4f8b4b7b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The location: 60th and Drexel
![Page 17: The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An igloo in Hyde Park.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/551bffbd550346ad4f8b4b7b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Igloo
Nick
![Page 18: The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An igloo in Hyde Park.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/551bffbd550346ad4f8b4b7b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
STAGE 1: COMPLETE
![Page 19: The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An igloo in Hyde Park.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/551bffbd550346ad4f8b4b7b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An igloo in Hyde Park.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/551bffbd550346ad4f8b4b7b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: The Igloo A Dome of Many Wonders. Outline Igloo basics Igloo science Construction of an igloo An igloo in Hyde Park.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062404/551bffbd550346ad4f8b4b7b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
The Finished Igloo!