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THE HUMANITARIANRESPONSIBILITIES OF THE UN

SECURITY COUNCIL

ENSURING THE SECURITY OFPEOPLE

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INTRODUCTION• The question of the humanitarian

responsibilities of the UN Security Councilis a natural follow-up to the 1997 WorldSummit on Social Development.

• Also represents an important and newfocus for the Security Council in the post-Cold War United Nations.

• Humanitarian tasks and development

objectives are continually crisscrossing andreinforcing each other.

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DEFINITIONS AND KEYSISSUES

• The United Nation Charter confers on theSecurity Council primary responsibility forthe maintenance of international peace

and security.• Until recently, this has been understood

basically to mean resolving disputesamong states with internationalconsequences. That was the originalintention of the Charter.

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Two concepts• Peace• Security

• (the very conceptual foundations of the organization`s mission-are under

going a radical change of perceptiontoday)

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PEACE• Peace is much more than the mere absence of war. Peace

has come to mean more than harmony among nation, it alsomeans harmony within nations.

• In an era when individual people and communities struggle tohold their own against seemingly insuperable odds.

• Peace increasingly means the absence of threats anddiscriminations. It means freedom from fear and want.

• Peace has acquired a human and community dimensionmuch greater than the original state-centered notion of the

UN Charter, and we have learned that its absence at the localand national level can have multiple internationalimplications.

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SECURITY• Also can be describes as inclusion,

cohesion, and integration-a sense of belonging to a society and a prevailing

order within and among nationspredicated on fairness and respect fordifferences and human dignity.

• The only legitimate (lasting) security issecurity rooted in the well-being of people.

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• The evolution of the concepts of peace and security-against thebackdrop of mainly internal conflicts with strong humanitariandimensions and international public opinion demanding action-raisesnew issues in which the council must reexamine the appropriatenessand effectiveness of the available instruments and traditional diplomaticcourses of action. Under such conditions, a stronger link must evolvebetween the UN, the Security Council, and organizations-which are onthe ground, doing humanitarian work: which are touching thosesocieties, looking into their eye of the people in danger, learning whothey are and what is going on and who the factions are and whatrelations people have with their leaders

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A WINDOW TOWARD CIVILSOCIETY

• Maintaining peace and security must also take intoconsideration the underlying causes of conflict, whichare often development related, as well as expressionsof obvious power struggles among leaders and factions.

• Government and civil society must evolve a moredynamic concept and practice within which NGO actorscan play a key role.

• Need to analysis of the development causes to theactual political processes underway. We can also buildupon the lessons learned from experinces of conflict-resolution efforts at the interpersonal level and withindivided communities, which are sometimes morerelevant than classical dispute-resolution tools.

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NGO• UN council and others need to safeguard

and support individual actors in civil societywhose energy and mutual confidence areessential to maintaining peace and securityin the long term within those societies.

• Give to them a fully acknowledged so thatthey are enabled (safety and successfully)to carry out their specific humanitariancontribution in the field.

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SECURITY OF HUMANITARIANRELIEF

• NGO staff members have increasinglyfallen victim to the brutal attacks andharassment while in the field.

• That`s why the security council should takea best solution to overcome this matter,but the council are facing a challenge.

• Mr Somavia has clarify several ways thatcouncil should do:

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• Develop a series of interlocking legal andlogistical safeguards.

• Consider in particular the compelling issues of strengthened legal provisions for the protectionof humanitarian workers.

• UN convention safeguards for those who perform

humanitarian work done in agreement with andunder the aegis of the framework of the UN.

• At the same time, we should explore what kindsof the protections and enforcement should be

guaranteed by such a convention.

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MAKING SANCTIONS MOREHUMANE AND EFFECTIVE

• Refugees and displaced persons, famines andshortages of food and water, POW and combatantsmissing in action, human rights violations, genocideand gross breaches of international humanitarian law.

These are the effect of Economic sanctions.• By contrast, economic sanctions are rough, blunt, and

extremely unsophisticated measure. As a result, weshould develop policies and instruments to makesanctions more humane and the same time moreeffective

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• A close reading of the UN Charter reveals thatsanctions essentially aim to condition thebehavior of a state that poses a threat to theinternational peace and security-not to punish orotherwise exact retribution from the stare, and

even less to contribute to a humanitarian crisisin the nation affected.• Sanctions must be based on fundamental

respect for the human dignity. Indeed, the aim is

to bring a state that has violated justice intogood working relations within the community of nations, to cite one thoughtful interpretation of the issues.

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• Ultimately, sanctions as currently practicedproduce large scale human insecurity, theopposite of their intended effect. The SecurityCouncil needs to address the issue promptly.

The principle objective would be to makesanctions regimes both more effective andmore humane. Some ideas follow on practicalways of doing so:

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• The council should adopt a resolutionapproving a set of humanitarian standardsand practices applicable to any sanctions

regime to be establish in the future.• A clear position by the council would have

a number of advantage. It would avoidhumanitarian double standards and wouldrepresent a practical response to a veryreal problem

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• The council should make clear that the purpose of sanctions.

• Sanctions should be primarily address to leaders in aconflict by targeting government bosses through the

military and civilian structures that support theirregimes and by targeting the factions, group, andwarlords that are parties to a civil war-type of conflict.

• A provision for humanitarian exceptions should alwaysbe included in any sanctions.