The Human Body

The Face

noun (name of) description • shape• behavior• function

The Digestive System

The Circulatory System

The Respiratory System

The Skeletal System

The Muscular/Nervous System

The Reproductive System

Discuss a condition1. describe symptoms

Conditions hay feverarthritishepatitis A migraineanemiashinglesathlete’s foot

Discuss a condition1. describe symptoms2. describe causes

Conditions hay feverarthritishepatitis A migraineanemiashinglesathlete’s foot

Discuss a condition1. describe symptoms2. describe causes 3. discuss treatment

Conditions hay feverarthritishepatitis A migraineanemiashinglesathlete’s foot

Treatment Vocabulary

•apply– pressure– ointment– powder

•take– vitamins or pills– a shower– weight off

•use– nasal spray– a cane– topical cream– compress

•get– injection or vaccination– prescription– rid of dust, mold, mildew

•to rid body of toxins

•avoid– drinking certain liquids such as coffee

and alcohol– pets– red meat– uncooked food– food preservatives– processed meats– MSG

•massage (“areas”)– temples– (reflexology points)

•Soak (parts of body) in water– foot– hand– body

Treatment Phrases

•change behavior– change eating habits– cut down on– reduce weight, stress, pressure– lose weight– practice safe sex– do not eat…– eat a diet high in…– fasting

•physician’s duties– blood transfusion may be

required– surgery may be performed– getting an injection– medication can be prescribed– hypnotic suggestion

•purposes/goals– to prevent the development of nerve pain– to prevent infection– to provide relief from nerve pain– to control severe symptoms– to increase tolerance to certain allergens– to increase flexibility– to increase mobility– to increase iron intake– to protect the joints– help the patient relax– to fight the virus– to reduce sharp pain– to reduce the burning sensation– to relieve symptoms– to relieve stress by promoting relaxation

Medication1. aspirin2. painkiller Guidelines• If the medication is common—spell it out,

tell how it is taken and its purpose• If the medication is uncommon—don’t spell it out, tell

how it is taken and its purpose

Medication1. painkiller2. aspirin3. anti-viral drugs4. corticosteroids5. topical cream (capsaicin)6. vitamin B complex7. arsenicum and mezereum Guidelines• If the medication is common—spell it out,

tell how it is taken and its purpose• If the medication is uncommon—don’t spell it out,

tell how it is taken and its purpose

Discuss a condition1. describe symptoms2. describe causes 3. discuss treatment

• tell if it is curable• list treatment options

on weak hand

Conditions hay feverarthritishepatitis A migraineanemiashinglesathlete’s foot

Dialogue PracticeSituation:

A:B and C:

A:B and C:

A:B and C:

A:B and C:

“A” suspects s/he has a specific kind of health condition and goes to seek the advice of two health-care experts.

explain symptomsidentify possible condition

ask what might be the cause(s)describe possible / known causes

ask what s/he should do nowsuggest different treatments

ask questions about treatments to clarifyexplain

•name condition, briefly describe symptoms (use topicalization)•describe causes (use rhetorical question)•discuss treatment options (use rhetorical question)

Parkinson’s Disease: Answer Key

Introduction1. Parkinson’s disease is described as what? What is it

related to?deterioration of movement

2. List the types of body movement mentioned.opening/closing fingers, lifting arms, walking, moving eyes around, blinking eyes, chewing and swallowing food and then moving food down the esophagus, stomach digesting food, heart pumping

3. Describe the symptoms associated with Parkinson’s disease.delayed response time to stop walking, to sitting down and to getting up from a chair, hands trembling (which is what most of us notice), legs trembling, moving eyes slowly, blinking eyes slowly, drooling, to absolute deterioration where you can’t move at all

Body (Causes and Treatments)1. Describe the process the brain goes through when one

wants to move his/her body.There are two parts inside the brain; one part is responsible for producing chemicals to stimulate body functions, one of them being dopamine. The other part “requests” and collects the chemical to provide the brain with the ability to send the chemical so that the body can move (e.g., reach for a cup of coffee).

2. Describe how the process in the brain is affected by Parkinson’s disease.When the request is made (“I want to reach for the cup of coffee”), the part of the brain that manufactures the needed chemical dopamine for the movement is unable to make enough of it, resulting in the person being able to reach to get the cup of coffee only very slowly.

3. Is there a cure?No.

4. What kind of treatment is available? How does the medication work?Take medication called L-Dopa. When taken, it stimulates that part of the brain to continue to make dopamine, so when the other part of the brain makes a “request” there is plenty of dopamine to “reach for the cup of coffee.” If person doesn’t take the medication, then the symptoms reappear.

Conclusion1. What two things are the doctors still researching

regarding Parkinson’s disease?

a) Doctors are still researching to find out what causes the brain to not make enough dopamine.

b) They are also seeking to find a cure for Parkinson’s disease.

Language Features

1. How did Nikki handle this terminologies?“Parkinson’s disease”— “Movement”—“Chemical”—“Dopamine”—“L-Dopa”—

2. When did Nikki use role shift?

3. What transitions did Nikki use to begin each segment in her presentation?

4. What sign Nikki use to end each segment in her presentation?

5. Several times throughout the presentation, Nikki established the subject on her dominant (left) hand and then pointed to it with her weak (right) hand. What is the function of this technique?