Sections 3-Life on the Home Front Section 3-Life on the Home Front.
The Home Front reference Chapter 24 How did Americans on the home front support or oppose the war?
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Transcript of The Home Front reference Chapter 24 How did Americans on the home front support or oppose the war?
The Home Frontreference Chapter 24
How did Americans on the home front support or oppose the war?
Mobilization• The Draft – 9 million
registered– 3 million– Volunteers – 2 million
• Increased production– fuel, ships, weapons,
food– governing boards
oversee the economy• New government
agencies were formed to organize the war effort
WAR INDUSTRIES BOARD
Propaganda Campaigns(important element of total wartotal war theory)
• CPI (Committee on Public Information)
• George Creel• “4-Minute Men”
Financing the War
• Increased the number of people paying the new income tax– 437,000 in 1917– 4.4 million in 1918
• Liberty Bond DrivesBond = loan with interest
“The Great Migration”
• Pull factor =Job opportunities in the factories of the North• Push Factor = poverty, Jim Crow, lynching terrorism
See map page 309 of text
Opposition to the War
• Many women– Jeanette Rankin (1st woman
rep. in Congress)• “You can no more win a war
than you can win an earthquake.”
• Women’s Peace Party
• Quakers/Pacifists• Socialists• Opponents of big business
– “command of gold”– profiteering
Conscientious objectors
African-Americans react to the war
• WEB DuBois urges blacks to enlist
• Wm. Henry Trotter disgrees.– “Why not make America
safe for democracy?”
The Suppression of Dissent
• Espionage Act 1917• crime to interfere with the draft, • “obstruct…the war effort”
– Schenck v. US (1919)
• Sedition Act 1918• Restricts freedom of speech
– “disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or abusive” of government
• Other restrictions on speech and action
– 2,000 prosecutions• including Eugene Debs (10 years)
• Public persecution of Germans
Read Section 24.6
• With your partner, discuss:• What is symbolic speech? What are some
examples?• How is symbolic speech different from regular
speech?
• In your spiral, label 24.6 Should acts of political speech be protected by the 1st Amendment?– Write a 1 paragraph response.
Outline 25.2
I. Wilson’s Vision for World PeaceI. Fourteen Points to End All Wars
I. Announced to Congress Jan. 1918II. Make the world “fit and safe to live in”III. Goal: eliminate the causes of war
a. end to secret agreementsb. freedom of the seasc. reduce armaments and armies
IV. Goal: self-determinationa. ethnic groups within empires should determine gov.
V. Goal: collective securitya. protect independence and territorial integrityb. League of Nations
II. Wilson’s Unusual Decisions
A. Wilson leads American delegation.
B. campaigns for Democrats to support his plan
1. Republicans win midterm elections
C. Wilson rejects Republicans for peace delegation
2. Republicans do not trust Wilson’s appointees.