The History and Development of the European Union, Since 1951 By John Martin, 2007.
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Transcript of The History and Development of the European Union, Since 1951 By John Martin, 2007.
![Page 1: The History and Development of the European Union, Since 1951 By John Martin, 2007.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e005503460f94ae9fb7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The History and Development of the
European Union, Since 1951
By John Martin, 2007
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European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)
•Treaty of Paris (1951)•6 member organization•Franco-German relationship• Increased economic production by
combining coal and steel resources
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Leadership and Foresight
• Robert Schuman • European
integration and cooperation
• Jean Monnet (1952-1955)
• Post-war debt relief
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ECSC Institutions
•Common Assembly/European Parliament
•Council of Ministers•High Authority/European
Commission (Schuman)•Court of Justice
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Treaty of Rome (1957)
•European Economic Community (EEC)
•Common market (the Six)•European Atomic Energy
Community (Euratom)•Nuclear energy
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Merger Treaty (1965)
•European Communities (ECSC, EEC, and Euratom)
• Joint budget and distribution of power
•European Parliament (1962) and budgetary control (1975)
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Enlargement and Improvement
•1973- change in French presidency and 3 new additions
•European Parliament (1979)•1980’s- southwest Europe (3 more
countries incorporated into European Communities)
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Economic Progress
•Schengen Agreement (1985)- borders and police cooperation
•5 out of 12 members •British mainland (Common Travel
Area)
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Single European Act (1986)
• Internal market•Qualified
majority voting (QMV)
•European Council (policy)
• Introduction of symbolic flag
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Economic and Political Unity
•German reunification•Maastricht Treaty (1992)- European
Union (EU)•3 nations succeed to EU•Copenhagen European Council
(1993)•Amsterdam Treaty (1995)
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Maastricht Uncovered
•Treaty on European Union •Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP)• Justice and Home Affairs (JHA)•Eurocorps (5 members)•Trilateral organization of power
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21st Century Updates
•Treaty of Nice (2001)
•Globalization•Coinage and
adoption
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European Integration
•10 members included •East meets west•Economic disparity and uncertainty•27 total nations
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Modern EU Politics and Governance
•Members of Parliament (MEPs) and political parties
•EPP-ED and PES•Regulations, directives, and
decisions•Bilateral power distribution
(legislative and judicial)
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Recent Trends and Statistics
•Economic diversity and success•Exports and imports•Continental integration and
disadvantages•Global involvement
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Global Impact
•Humanitarian aid•Environmental focus• International competition•Positive EU/U.S. relationship
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EU Problems and Conflicts
•European Constitution (2004)•Franco-German supremacy •Decreasing EU/China relationship•British skepticism•New candidate countries
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Conclusion
•Stabilizing Europe with a common market
•Uniting east and west•Worldwide responsibility and
assistance•Future of the EU
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Further Reading
• Chryssochoou, Dimitris N. 1998. Democracy in the European Union. London.
• Kostlowski, Dean J., ed. 2000. The European Union: From Jean Monnet to the Euro. Ohio.
• Newman, Michael. 1996. Democracy, Sovereignty, and the European Union. New York.
• Wallace, Helen and William Wallace, eds. 2000. Policy-Making in the European Union. Oxford.