The Harderian Gland Revealed: Regeneration and Recovery of Chemosensory Function Andy Fraser Dr....
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![Page 1: The Harderian Gland Revealed: Regeneration and Recovery of Chemosensory Function Andy Fraser Dr. Robert Mason & Chris Friesen Department of Zoology Oregon.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d7e5503460f94a60dbb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Harderian Gland Revealed: Regeneration and Recovery of Chemosensory Function
Andy Fraser Dr. Robert Mason & Chris Friesen
Department of Zoology Oregon State University
Corvallis, ORQuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
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![Page 2: The Harderian Gland Revealed: Regeneration and Recovery of Chemosensory Function Andy Fraser Dr. Robert Mason & Chris Friesen Department of Zoology Oregon.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d7e5503460f94a60dbb/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
• Salamanders, for example, are able to
regenerate limbs, tail, eyes, jaws, and heart.
• We are largely unable to regenerate crucial
organs and tissues.
• Cures for debilitating diseases and injuries.
• We know surprisingly little about how
regeneration works.
• It is crucial that we study new vertebrate
models.
![Page 3: The Harderian Gland Revealed: Regeneration and Recovery of Chemosensory Function Andy Fraser Dr. Robert Mason & Chris Friesen Department of Zoology Oregon.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d7e5503460f94a60dbb/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
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Summer feeding (~3 months)
Winter Dormancy (~ 8 months)
Mating (~ 4 weeks)
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• Detection of chemical cues– Olfaction
• Volatile
– Vomerolfaction• Nonvolatile
– Harderian Gland (HG)• Solubizing agents • Binding proteins
Chemoreception
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• Hypothesis:– The Harderian gland in
the red sided garter snake is able to regenerate and regain its function over time.
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![Page 7: The Harderian Gland Revealed: Regeneration and Recovery of Chemosensory Function Andy Fraser Dr. Robert Mason & Chris Friesen Department of Zoology Oregon.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d7e5503460f94a60dbb/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
POIOLD
![Page 8: The Harderian Gland Revealed: Regeneration and Recovery of Chemosensory Function Andy Fraser Dr. Robert Mason & Chris Friesen Department of Zoology Oregon.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d7e5503460f94a60dbb/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
x
x
x
Unilateral HDX
Bilateral HDX
Sham
YY
Y
N=28
N=28
N=28
Experimental Design
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x
xx
Unilateral HDX
Bilateral HDX
Sham4 wks
N = 21
8 wks
N = 21
12 wks
N = 21
16 wks
N = 21
xx
x7
7
7
xxx
7
7
7
x
xx
7
7
7
x
xx
7
7
7
Experimental Design
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Behavior Trials: Y-Maze
• Used to observe deficits in trailing behavior caused by removal of HG.
– In this case we know that garter snakes will trail worms.
Used coin flip to randomize which arm got
trail.
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Y-Maze
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
t1 t2 t3 t4
Time Period
Proportion
ShamUniBi
N=7 N=7 N=7 N=7 N=7 N=7 N=7 N=7 N=7 N=7 N=7 N=5
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Interpretation of Results
• Two Hypotheses
– 1. The HG regenerated more quickly than
expected
– 2. The IO portion of the HG hypertrophied or is
sufficient.
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• Dr. Robert Mason
• Chris Friesen and Rocky Parker
• Dr. Kevin Ahern
• Howard Hughes Medical Institute
Acknowledgments