“The hallmark of progressives reforms were myriad regulations that they got enacted mostly at local and state levels of government, along with some at the federal level of government” (162).

Welfare Policy:

1. Mother’s Pensions: Reformers focused on the needs of women who had been widowed, believed they would have to work such long hours that they couldn’t provide proper care for children. - Sociologist said we created a “maternalist welfare state during the Progressive Era” 2. Suffrage: Nineteenth Amendment- women’s right to vote enacted in 19203. Minimum wage and maximum hours of daily labor legislation for women first, 1938 the federal legislation covered all workers. 4. Worker’s compensation laws enacted by almost all states by 1920. 5. Failed efforts for Child labor laws in 1918 and 1922. 6. Sheppard-Towner Legislation: part of the national Children’s Bureau, provided federal matching funds for states to provide clinics for pregnant women and young children.7. Immigration Act of 1924: limited overall rates of immigration and gave preference to people from Northern Europe8. Public health reforms by local funds: public health centers, sanitary regulations

“Out-groups”

1. Women: fighting for equal right to vote. Antisuffrage organizations said that women voters would ruin the unity of the household by voting for their own interests

2. Spanish-speaking persons: - Denied education- Excluded from economic opportunities- Kept as a labor force for irrigated cotton,

vegetable and fruit enterprises (worked for low wage, lived in barricks)

3. Asian Immigrants: - Viewed as sinister and untrustworthy- California: Alien Land Act prohibiting

Japanese residents to buy or own land- Gentleman’s Agreement Act: stop

Japanese migration of laborers in the US4. African Americans:

- Jim Crow Laws- racism, discriminations- poverty- Poor neighborhoods (no health services,

organized crime, drugs

http://thedailyshow.cc.com/videos/09yfp5/the-broads-must-be-crazy---belittled-women

Multiple Choice Question:

What limited the impact of the efforts made by progressives during the Progressive Era? (Jansson 2012, page 169).

a. The federal government did not have enough funds b. The progressives did not have enough advocatesc. The progressives had a wide range of interestsd. The progressives did not put in much effort

Multiple choice answer: C

Reasoning:

The progressives had such a wide variety of issues they wanted to focus on and were interested in. Some were concerned with procedural reforms in government, some sought policies to reduce corruption. Others were more focused on restricting the size of corporations. Some progressives were more interested in limiting immigration, and yet others wanted to redistribute resources to impoverished workers, destitute women, and other groups.

Many progressives focused on a combination of those issues but some had more support by particular groups or powers than others. They needed to gain power by support of a political party that had the support of liberals, the working class, and people of color.