The Green Lab - [13 B] Future research challenges

1 Het begint met een idee

Future research challenges (within the Green Lab)

The Green Lab team

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam

Announcement

● Guest lecture by Alberto Bacchelli○ VU Green Office http://www.greenofficevu.nl/○ Room HG KC-18○ Thursday October 20th, 11 AM

TOPIC: Mining software repositories

https://www.google.com/url?q=http://www.greenofficevu.nl/&sa=D&ust=1477923772036000&usg=AFQjCNFiSeQ71ryG742aptd_i1TqZt0lFg


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Roadmap

1. The hidden costs of 3rd party libraries in mobile web apps2. Understanding how context-awareness is realized in mobile

apps3. Hybrid mobile apps - a cross-store exploratory study4. A cross-store study on performance-related commits in

mobile apps5. An exploratory study on the usage of networking protocols in

mobile apps6. Software Sustainability: A Systematic Mapping7. Measuring the scientific impact of software

S2 group / Future research challenges


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The hidden costs of 3rd party libraries in mobile web apps


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● Thousands of JavaScript libraries out there● Every web developer uses them


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+ speed up the development process via code reuse- may impact the performance and energy consumption

- download- parsing- execution


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Main steps:

1. research questions formulation and experiment design2. development of a generic slicing algorithm that reduces a

javaScript codebase to only the strictly needed functions3. dataset building (~1000 real mobile web apps)4. experiment execution5. data analysis 6. reflection

Contacts: Ivano Malavolta, Giuseppe Procaccianti


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References

● Nejati, Javad, and Aruna Balasubramanian. "An in-depth study of mobile browser performance." Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on World Wide Web. International World Wide Web Conferences Steering Committee, 2016.

● Thiagarajan, Narendran, et al. "Who killed my battery?: analyzing mobile browser energy consumption." Proceedings of the 21st international conference on World Wide Web. ACM, 2012.


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Understanding how context-awareness is realized in mobile apps

● This app works in a specific context depending on the current location of the user


context added value

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CONTEXT

The mode, medium and environment in which users perform their tasks

There are 3 different types of context:

● physical context● media context● modal context


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THESIS

Exploration into how software developers extract contextual information when developing mobile apps

DATASET: >10k real mobile apps (already mined)

TOOL: extract key parts of a mobile app where it is accessing the context of its users

OUTPUT: catalogue of patterns of use of context + guidelines and tactics for better considering contextual information in mobile apps


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References

● Google Awareness API○ https://developers.google.com/awareness

● Sentiance SDK○ http://www.sentiance.com

Contacts: Ivano Malavolta, Edwin Hermkens (PharmIT)


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https://www.google.com/url?q=https://developers.google.com/awareness&sa=D&ust=1477923775989000&usg=AFQjCNFFm_j9QobQsWJGBx7Z4f4TeDbJww

https://www.google.com/url?q=https://developers.google.com/awareness&sa=D&ust=1477923775990000&usg=AFQjCNEuNgLtRu6e1LchmjfmLdCJkdLG7g

https://www.google.com/url?q=http://www.sentiance.com&sa=D&ust=1477923775990000&usg=AFQjCNF9QJ40XnGo4tD_6XYn-qvGfhj8Nw

https://www.google.com/url?q=http://www.sentiance.com&sa=D&ust=1477923775990000&usg=AFQjCNF9QJ40XnGo4tD_6XYn-qvGfhj8Nw


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Hybrid mobile apps - a cross-store exploratory study

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THESIS: to extend the performed study on iOS apps

Focus on

→ difference of ratings across stores (Google Play vs Apple)

→ difference of perceptions across the two types of users

○ value○ performance○ bugginess○ size


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References

● Malavolta, Ivano, et al. "Hybrid mobile apps in the google play store: An exploratory investigation." Mobile Software Engineering and Systems (MOBILESoft), 2015 2nd ACM International Conference on. IEEE, 2015.

● Malavolta, Ivano, et al. "End Users' Perception of Hybrid Mobile Apps in the Google Play Store." 2015 IEEE International Conference on Mobile Services. IEEE, 2015.

Contact: Ivano Malavolta


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A cross-store study on performance-related commits in mobile apps


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RQ1: To what extent developers consider performance issues of Android apps?

RQ2: What are the concerns that developers have when dealing with performance issues of Android apps?


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4● Apps identification


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4● Performance-related commits

Keyword-based approach:wait, slow, fast, lag, tim, minor, stuck, instant, respons, react, speed, latenc, perform, throughput, hang, memory, leak

Results:535 candidate performance-related commits, 78 false positives

→ 457 true performance-related commits


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THESIS: to extend the performed study on iOS apps

Focus on

→ different number of performance-related commits across stores (Google Play vs Apple)?

→ different types of commits?

→ how much overlap among categories?


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References

● Das, Teerath, Massimiliano Di Penta, and Ivano Malavolta. "A Quantitative and Qualitative Investigation of Performance- Related Commits in Android Apps." International Conference on Software Maintenance and Evaluation, IEEE, 2016.

Contact: Ivano Malavolta


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An exploratory study on the usage of networking protocols in mobile apps


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Network

Recurrent protocols● HTTP● Web sockets● ...


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● Every protocol has its features, e.g.:○ HTTP1/HTTP2

■ many implementations■ wide spread■ authentication mechanisms already implemented■ firewall-friendly

○ Web sockets■ lightweight■ bidirectional■ full-duplex


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THESIS: to analyze a dataset of thousands of mobile apps w.r.t. to their use of network protocols

TOOL: given a mobile app, analyzes it (statically), and extracts all the used networking protocols

Goals

● understand how recently introduced protocols are used in real projects (e.g., Google’s SPDY, web sockets, custom)

● Different protocols in different categories?● Any other patterns to discover?


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References:

● Li, Ding, et al. "Automated energy optimization of HTTP requests for mobile applications." Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Software Engineering. ACM, 2016.

Contacts: Ivano Malavolta, Fahimeh Alizadeh


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Software Sustainability: A Systematic Mapping

● What is Sustainable Software?○ Software that consumes low energy○ Software that performs well○ Software that adapts and evolves over time○ Software that is profitable○ Software that takes care of its users○ ….and much more


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● Systematic Mapping Study [1]

● Why?○ A systematic mapping study provides a structure of the type

of research reports and results that have been published by categorizing them

○ It requires less effort while providing a more coarse-grained overview

○ recommended for research areas where there is a lack of relevant, high-quality primary studies

[1] Petersen K, Feldt R, Mujtaba S. Systematic mapping studies in software engineering. in software engineering. isl.ce.yildiz.edu.tr; 2008;


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● Literature Study: Systematic search○ Perform the search, identify primary studies

● THESIS: Systematic Mapping○ Identify dimensions and domains○ Perform the analysis


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● Contacts: Giuseppe Procaccianti, Patricia Lago

References:

● Penzenstadler, B., Raturi, A., Richardson, D., Calero, C., Femmer, H., & Franch, X. (2014). Systematic Mapping Study on Software Engineering for Sustainability (SE4S). In Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering (EASE 2014).


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Measuring the Scientific Impact of Software


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● Scientific Impact: measure in papers○ ...but papers would not be possible without software!


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● How to measure the impact of software?○ inconsistent citations○ complex lifecycle


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● THESIS: quantify the impact and quality of scientific software


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● Focus: ○ define metrics and indicators○ use already known metrics (e.g. reuse, repositories…)

● Contacts: Giuseppe Procaccianti, Willem van Hage (eScience)


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Next steps


● Assignment 3○ Validity and execution

■ Sections 4 and 5 of your report○ Submit on Blackboard by Wednesday, October 19th, 23.59h

● Assignment 4○ Complete report

■ Results, discussion, conclusions○ Submit on Blackboard by Thursday, November 3rd, 23.59h

The Green Lab - [13 B] Future research challenges

Technology

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