The Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS), Safety Data...
Transcript of The Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS), Safety Data...
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TheGlobally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling
of Chemicals (GHS), Safety Data Sheets, Labels, OSHA,
and You
Janet L. Keyes, CIH
11 April 2013
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What’s GHS? Why?
Lots of chemicals out there
Lots of international trade
Can’t we just agree?
1992, Rio, UN Conference on Environment & Development
2002: first version approved
2012: OSHA adopted
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What GHS tries to doClassify chemicals according to
hazard
Standardize the language, warnings
Make it easier for:
Suppliers/manufacturers
Users
And not conflict with transport
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GHS in the US
OSHA: adopted
Revision to HazComm standard and others
EPA: pondering
Pesticides
DOT: adopted in hazmat (49CFR) regs
CPSC: began considering
Federal Hazardous Substances Act
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What does OSHA’s adoption of GHS mean?
2013, December 1: Employees trained on labels, SDS
2015, June 1: MSDSs replaced by SDSs
Your SDSs updated
2015, December 1: No old labels shipped
2016, June 1: in-house labels updated
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Other standards change
All substance-specific hazards (e.g., lead), Welding standard
Change warning sign language
Laboratory, PSM, Hazwoper
Flammable Liquids (use, spray, dip)
Change definitions
Combustibles (IIIB) goes away
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What’s changed in HazComm?
• Classification of hazards– Based on specific criteria
– Physical hazards – 16 classes
– Health hazards – 10 classes
– Environmental hazards – 2 classes
• Standardization of language– For hazard statements and for
precautionary statements
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Physical hazard classes
1 Explosives2 Flammable Gases3 Flammable Aerosols4 Oxidizing Gases5 Gases Under Pressure6 Flammable Liquids7 Flammable Solids8 Self-Reactive Substances9 Pyrophoric Liquids10 Pyrophoric solids
11 Self-Heating Substances
12 Substances Which in Contact with Water Emit Flammable Gases
13 Oxidizing Liquids14 Oxidizing Solids15 Organic Peroxides16 Substances Corrosive
to Metal
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Health hazard classes
1 Acute Toxicity
2 Skin Corrosion
3 Skin Irritation
4 Eye Effects
5 Sensitization
6 Germ Cell Mutagenicity
7 Carcinogenicity8 Reproductive
Toxicity9 Target Organ
Systemic Toxicity: Single Exposure & Repeated Exposure
10 Aspiration Toxicity
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Environmental Hazard ClassesNot mandated by OSHANot yet required by EPA
Acute aquatic toxicity
Chronic aquatic toxicity
based on fish, crustaceans, algae
Hazardous to the ozone layer
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Other ClassesSpecific to OSHA
Not part of UN GHS
Simple asphyxiant
such as helium, nitrogen
Combustible dust
flour dust, grain dust
Pyrophoric gases Washburn A Mill, 1878
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Material safety data
sheet: Really old
version
Not that you can read this small type...
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Material Safety Data
Sheet ANSI 16-part
Not that you can read this small type...
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Safety Data Sheet: GHS
version
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Safety Data Sheets will still have:
1. What is it, what’s in it – Section 1 & 32. What’s the hazard – Section 23. Emergency info – first aid, fire, spills4. Safe use, handling and storage
– Recommended PPE
5. How it behaves6. Toxicology7. Not mandatory: ecotoxicity, disposal,
transport, regulatory
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Order will be consistent
1. Identification2. Hazard(s) identification3. Composition/information on
ingredients4. First-aid measures5. Fire-fighting measures6. Accidental release measures7. Handling and storage8. Exposure controls/personal
protection9. Physical and chemical
properties10. Stability and reactivity
11. Toxicological information
optional12. Ecological information13. Disposal considerations14. Transport information
and15. Regulatory information.required16. Other information,
including date of preparation or last revision.
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SDS Section 2 - acetone
Similar to label
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Old labels
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Labels are changing
1. Pictograms
2. Danger or Warning signal words
3. Hazard statement & Precautionary statement
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DOT placard can be used of pictograms on original shipping container
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Hazard Statement for a paint thinner
Danger: Highly flammable liquid and vapor.
May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways.
Causes damage to liver or nervous system through prolonged or repeated exposure if inhaled.
Causes skin irritation and serious eye irritation.
May cause drowsiness or dizziness.
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Precautionary Statements for a Thinner (in part)PreventionKeep away from ignition sources such as heat/sparks/open flameGround/Bond container and receiving equipment.Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Do not breathe vapors
or spray.Wear protective gloves and eye/face protection as specified…ResponseIn case of fire, use a fire extinguisher rated for Class B fires. Do not
use water.IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. If eye
irritation persists, get medical advice/attention. Wash hands after handling
IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water. Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. If skin irritation occurs, seek medical attention.
StorageStore container tightly closed in cool, well ventilated place. Store
locked up.DisposalDispose of contents in accordance with local, state, and federal
regulations.
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PictogramsMeant to quickly convey hazard
Always: Diamond
black & white, red border
Similar to DOT placards
Nine types
Know what they mean? You probably
do
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This symbol is used for:
1. Flammables2. Gases under
pressure3. Things that can
hit you4. Paddles
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Which products would get this symbol?
1. Muriatic acid
2. Oxygen
3. LP gas
4. Isopropyl alcohol
Only application: gases under pressure
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Gases under pressure symbol includes:
Compressed gases
≥29 psi
Liquefied gas
Refrigerated liquefied gas
Dissolved gas (acetylene)
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This symbol is used for:
1. Fireplaces
2. Oxidizers
3. Flammables
4. Things that you can smoke
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Which products would get this symbol?
1. Acetone
2. Isopropyl alcohol
3. Latex paints
4. Battery acid
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Flame symbol is for:
Flammable liquidsFlammable gases
Flammable solids
Pyrophorics
Self-heating
Self-reactive
Emit flammable gas
Organic peroxidesFlammable aerosols, too
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Fire Hazard Examples
Flammable solids: aluminum powder, magnesium ribbons
Pyrophorics: organometallics, silane
Self-heating: linseed oil rags
Flammable gases: acetylene, hydrogen
Self-reactive: acetylene, azides
Emit flammable gas: lithium, calcium carbide
Organic peroxides: MEK peroxide
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Flammable Liquids are divided into categories
Category 1 = higher hazard
Category Flash point Boiling point
1 <23ºC (73 ºF) <35ºC(95 ºF)
2 <23ºC (73 ºF) >35ºC (95 ºF)
3 Between 23ºC & 60ºC
(73 - 140 ºF)
4 Between 60ºC & 93ºC
(140 - 200 ºF)
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This symbol means the chemical:
1. Is surprised
2. Is highly reactive
3. Will contribute oxygen and promote fires
4. Is highly flammable
Oxidizer
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Which products would get this symbol?
1. Nitric acid
2. Silica
3. LP gas
4. Oxygen
Only application: oxidizers
?
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This symbol means the chemical:
1. Can explode
2. Decomposes
3. Will blow up easily
4. Catches fire easily
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Which would get this symbol?
1. Ammunition
2. Aerosol cans
3. Fireworks
4. Acids
5. Oxygen
?
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Exploding Bomb symbol is for
Explosives
Self-reactives
Organic peroxides
Unstable – by themselves, cause violent chemical
reaction
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This symbol means
1. The fishing’s bad
2. The chemical is an environmental pollutant
3. Trees kill fish
4. You’re a bad fisherman
?
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This symbol means the chemical:
1. Will cause burns or strong irritation
2. Will damage pirates who drink it
3. Is acutely toxic
4. Will try to take over the world
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Skull and Crossbones criteria are different than for consumer
products
For chemicals that can kill at pretty low doses
Won’t apply to many chemicals in commercial use
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Acutely Toxic is divided into categories
Category 1 = higher hazardCategory Amount to kill 50% of
test animals (LD50)Example
1 5 mg/kg Cyanide, nicotine
2 50 mg/kg Hydrogen sulfide
3 300 mg/kg Carbon monoxide
4 2000 mg/kg 2,4-D
5 5000 mg/kg Sulfuric acid
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This symbol means the chemical:
1. Can cause acute toxicity
2. Dissolves metals
3. Has a pH of 7 or more
4. Causes skin burns or severe eye irritation
?
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Which products would get this symbol?
1. Battery acid
2. Isopropyl alcohol
3. Nitric acid
4. Carbon monoxide
5. Amorphous silica
?
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Corrosion symbol is for:
Skin corrosion/burns
Severe (permanent) eye damage
Corrosive to metals
pH ≤2, ≥11.5
Not as corrosive irritant
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This symbol means the chemical can:
1. Makes your chest explode
2. Cause long term health harm
3. Cause cancers
4. Cause allergic lung reactions (asthma)
?
more than one correct answer
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This symbol means the chemical is:
1. An alien that sucks out your lifeblood
2. A skin penetrant
3. A specific target organ toxicant
4. Blow up in your face
?
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The exploding torso is used for:
Respiratory sensitizers
Mutagens
Carcinogens
Reproductive toxicants
Specific target organ toxicity (single or repeated exposure)
Aspiration hazard
Serious health hazards, short of death
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This symbol means the chemical:
1. Could cause irritation or allergic skin reactions
2. Can burn intensely
3. Can cause asthma
4. Should be listened to
?
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This symbol means the chemical could:
1. Make you a more sensitive, caring person
2. Rapidly decompose
3. Give you pimples
4. Make you dizzy and lightheaded
?
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Exclamation point symbol will be for:
Health hazards, but not that severeirritant to eye, skin, breathing
skin sensitizers
narcotic effects
And hazard to ozone layer
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How to tell how nasty something is
Signal word present?Danger > Warning > None
Pictogram present?
Hazard statementExtremely > highly
Fatal > toxic > harmful
> > none
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Hazard Categories
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How do these fit in?1
30
Not requiredIf you use in-house, trainWatch for conflict with GHS
(e.g., flammability) Potential confusion:
1=bad (GHS); not bad (these)
32
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Your Next Steps
1. Learn the pictograms
2. Train your workers– Emphasize labels
3. Start updating data sheets
4. Take a look at in-house labeling
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Questions?
Resources:
OSHA quick cards on SDS, labels, pictograms
http://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/ghsquickcards.html