The Globally Harmonized System for Hazard

Classification and Labeling

GHS

Agenda• What is GHS• Compliance Dates• The new 2012 Hazard Communication

Labeling Requirements Safety Data Sheets (SDS)

• Current HazMat • Training Requirements

What is the GHS?• Globally Harmonized System for Hazard Classification and Labeling

A common and coherent approach to classify chemicals for a global economy.

Specifically defines and classifies hazards for chemical substances, dilute solutions, and mixtures.

Communicates information on labels and safety data sheets (SDS).

• Provides Infrastructure for Establishment of National and International Comprehensive Chemical Safety Programs

Why is the GHS needed?• To Eliminate the Variation in Chemical Classifications and Hazards.• To Provide Consistency on Phrases Used to Indicate the Severity

of Hazard Across Different Hazard Types.• To Offer Better Employee Protection

Information should be conveyed in more than one way for comprehensibility and understanding

Reduces Confusion Enhances Understanding of Hazards Helps Address Literacy and Language Concerns

Putting it all Together

NJ RTKPROP 65

DOTOSHA

GHS

CPSCFIFRA

EUCanada

Flammability0°F 100°F 200°F40°F20°F 73°F 140°F

OSHA HCS

OSHA/NFPA Flammable Combustible

GHSGHS

ANSI Z129.1

DOT

IMO

EPA FIFRA

CPSC

Flammable Combustible

Combustible

Flammable Combustible

150°F20°F

73F

Extremely/Highly Flammable Flammable

20°F

Extremely Flammable Combustible

Extremely/Flammable

150°FExtremely Flammable

20°F 80°FFlammable

Differences in the way we currently communicate about the hazards of a chemical

What GHS Changes• Classification Criteria: Class and Category

Health Hazards Physical Hazards Environmental Hazards Mixtures

• Hazard Communication Labels Safety Data Sheets (SDSs)

Replaces Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS’s)

Changes to HazCom Compliance with GHS• Labels - New Standards • MSDS - SDS - Extensive Changes• Added: Training on the Labels & SDSs

Keep existing HazCom training programs. Add information as it comes into workplace. Example: Replace MSDSs with SDSs in your facility’s book.

Replace Labels and MSDS Training Sections with New Standard.• Written Program - Mostly Unchanged

Definitions have changed. Still requires review and update.

GHS Does NOT Replace a Facility Specific HazCom Program

Who is Affected?• Manufacturers, Distributors, Importers

Change SDS information and format. Change container labeling.

• Employers Training employees on changes to:

SDS (change from MSDS to SDS and 16-section format). Container Labels (including secondary containers).

Update HazCom training to the new standards. Update HazCom written plans to the new standards.

• Employees Recognize and understand hazards based on:

Information in new SDS format. Pictograms on container labels. Precautionary and hazard statements.

Effective Dates and Requirements

Effective Completion Date Requirement(s) Responsible Party

December 1, 2013 Train employees on the new Label Elements and SDS Format

Employers

June 1, 2015 Compliance with all modified provisions of the final rule except as noted with different Effective Dates

Chemical manufacturers, importers, distributors, and employers

December 1, 2015 The distributor shall not ship containers labeled by the chemical manufacturer or importer unless it is a GHS label

Distributor

June 1, 2016 All employers shall, as necessary, update any “alternative” workplace labeling, update the hazard communication program, and provide any additional employee training for newly identified physical or health hazards.

Employers

Definition Updates

New•Hazard classification•Hazard category•HNOC (Hazard not otherwise Classified)*•Hazard statement•Label elements•Pictogram•Precautionary statement•Product identifier•Pyrophoric gas*•Safety data sheet•Signal word•Simple asphyxiant*•Substance

Revised•Chemical•Chemical name•Hazardous chemical•Health hazard•Label•Mixture•Physical hazard•Trade secret

New Definition – Hazard Classification & Category• Specific criteria for classifying;

Health hazards Physical hazards Environmental Hazards (not regulated by OSHA)

• Hazard Class - Indicates the nature of the hazard. • Hazard Category - The degree of severity within each hazard class.

1 = Most Severe 4 = Least Severe

Health Hazard Classsification• Acute Toxicity• Skin Corrosion/Irritation• Severe Eye Damage / Eye Irritation• Respiratory or Skin Sensitization• Germ Cell Mutagenicity• Carcinogenicity• Reproductive Toxicity• Specific Target Organ Toxicity – Single Exposure• Specific Target Organ Toxicity – Repeated Exposure• Aspiration Toxicity• Simple Asphyxiants* -Not part of GHS, OSHA requirement

Chemical Classifications ExampleHealth Hazards

Hazard Class Hazard Category

Most Severe to Least

Acute toxicity 1 2 3 4Skin Corrosion/Irritation 1A 1B 1C 2Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation 1 2A 2B

Respiratory or Skin Sensitization 1

Germ Cell Mutagenicity 1A 1B 2Carcinogenicity 1A 1B 2Reproductive Toxicity 1A 1B 2 Lactation

Specific Target Organ Toxicity – Single Exposure 1 2 3

Specific Target Organ Toxicity – Repeated Exposure

1 2

Aspiration Toxicity 1Simple Asphyxiants Single Category

Chemical Classifications: Example Physical Hazards• Explosives• Flammable Aerosols• Oxidizing Gases• Gases under Pressure

Compressed Gases Liquefied Gases Refrigerated Liquefied Gases Dissolves Gases

Chemical Classifications: Physical Hazards (continued)• Flammable Liquids• Flammable Solids• Self-Reactive Chemicals• Pyrophoric Liquids• Pyrophoric Solid• Pyrophoric Gases*• Self-heating Chemicals• Chemicals, which in contact with

water, emit flammable gases

• Oxidizing Liquids• Oxidizing Solid• Organic Peroxides• Corrosive to Metals• Combustible Dusts*

* OSHA Requirement, Not Part of GHS

• Acute Aquatic Toxicity• Chronic Aquatic Toxicity

Chemical Classifications: ExampleEnvironmental Hazards

Not Part of OSHA HazMat Requirements

Labels - Product• Standardization for all Product Labels. • Each Label Must Include:

Product Identifier Supplier Information Signal Word Hazard Pictogram Hazard Statement Precautionary Statement

• Each Label May Include “Supplemental Information”

Product Label Elements Example

Labels: Product Identifier and Supplier Information

• Product Identifier: The Name of the Product• Supplier Information:

Company Name Address Telephone Number

Labels: Signal Word

• Signal Word Quickly Communicates the Relative Severity of the Hazard

• Only 2 Signal Words Will Appear: “DANGER” (more severe hazard) “WARNING” (less severe hazard) Only one signal word is permitted per label

• Not all Labels Will Have a Signal Word Some chemicals are not hazardous enough to require that a

signal word appear on the label

Labels: Pictograms

• There are 9 pictograms. Only 8 are regulated by OSHA Health Hazards Physical Hazards Environmental Hazards (Not regulated by OSHA)

Not Part of OSHA HazMat Requirements

Health Hazard Pictograms

Acute toxicity,fatal or toxic

Carcinogen, mutagenicity,Repro toxicity, respiratory sensitizer, target organ toxicity, aspiration toxicity

!Irritant, skin sensitizer,acute toxicity, narcoticeffects, respiratory tract irritant, hazard to ozone layer

Skin corrosion/burns, eye damagecorrosive to metals

FlammablesSelf reactivesPyrophoricsSelf heatingEmits flammable gasOrganic peroxides

ExplosivesSelf reactiveOrganic peroxides

Corrosive to metals

Gases under pressure

Physical Hazards Pictograms

Oxidizer

Labels: Hazard Statement

• "Hazard statement" means a statement assigned to a hazard class and category that describes the nature of the hazard(s) of a chemical, including, where appropriate, the degree of hazard.

• There are specific hazard statements that must appear on the label based on the chemical hazard classification.

• Examples: Flammable liquid and vapor Causes skin irritation May cause cancer

Hazard Statements: Class and Severity

• A specific harmonized hazard statement for each level (degree of hazard) within each hazard class: Example: Flammable liquids

Category 1: Extremely flammable liquid and vapor Category 2: Highly flammable liquid and vapor Category 3: Flammable liquid and vapor Category 4: Combustible liquid

Label: Precautionary Statements

• "Precautionary statement" means a phrase that describes recommended measures that should be taken to minimize or prevent adverse effects resulting from exposure to a hazardous chemical, or improper storage or handling.

• Examples: Wear respiratory protection Wash with soap and water Store in a well ventilated place

Precautionary Statements Additional Information• Precautionary Statements are not necessarily a mandate for

employees to follow.• The employer is to evaluate the precautionary statements to determine

if these need to be followed by employees. This decision may be based on several factors:

How chemical used. Where it is used (ventilation concerns). How much of the chemical is used (quantity). Air sampling or testing results (permissible exposure

limits). How long the chemical is used (time). Other considerations.

Precautionary Statement Employer Evalution Example

• A precautionary statement may state - “Wear respiratory protection”

• Employees may not be required to wear a respirator based on the employer’s evaluation of the factors previously listed (how, where, how much, time)

• (using outdoors)

Label: Other Information (Discretionary)

• Other information that may be included on the label: Physical state Color Hazards not otherwise classified Route of exposure Storage and disposal Hazard prevention and emergency response instructions

Simple Label

More Complex Label

Current Label Example

New Label Example - DRAFT

Labels: Product In Use in the Workplace (RTU)

• Secondary labeling systems are still permitted Must be consistent with the new HazCom standard. No conflicting hazard warnings or pictograms.

• May use written materials (e.g., signs, placards, etc.) in lieu of affixing labels to individual stationary process containers.

• Employer can use GHS compliant labels (same as shipping)

Safety Data Sheets

• Under the new Haz Com Standard, Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) are now called Safety Data Sheets (SDS).

• All SDSs will have a consistent 16-section format Flexibility of format removed. Classification for health and physical hazards based on

very specific GHS criteria.

Safety Data Sheets (SDSs)

1. Identification2. Hazard(s) Identification 3. Composition/Ingredient Information4. First-aid Measures5. Fire-fighting Measures6. Accidental Release Measures7. Handling and Storage8. Exposure Controls / Personal

Protection

9. Physical and Chemical Properties10. Stability and Reactivity11. Toxicological Information12. Ecological Information*13. Disposal Consideration*14. Transport Information*15. Regulatory Information*16. Other information including date of

preparation of last revision

16 Part Format in a Specific Order

* Not Regulated by OSHA

SDS Format

SDS Format

SDS Format

SDS Format

SDS Format

SDS Format

SDS Format

SDS Format

SDS Format

SDS Format

SDS Format

SDS Format

SDS Format

SDS Format

vs. GHS – 2012 HCS (OSHA)

Other Existing Systems

Other Hazard Systems• HMIS

Attempts to convey full health warning information to all employees. Not intended for emergency circumstances.

• NFPA Meant primarily for fire fighters and other emergency responders.

Lacks chronic health hazard information because the system is meant only for emergency or acute (short-term) exposures.

• Department of Defense (DoD) Hazardous Material Information Resource System (HMIRS) Uses Hazard Characteristic Codes (HCC) to classify materials by their primary

hazard characteristic for the safe segregation and storage of hazardous materials. There are 10 basic classes defined by letters A to Z.

• Others Facility specific created.

How GHS Compares to HMIS and NFPA

• Under GHS HazCom standard, chemical classification is a category “4” for the least severe and category “1” in the most severe. This is OPPOSITE of NFPA and HMIS where “4”

indicates most severe and “1” the least severe.• GHS hazard category numbers may be noted in SDS.

Hazard Category Numbers are not required to be present on the container label.

Understand the Number Information Differences

HMIS and NFPA NomenclatureCat 0 MinimalCat 1 SlightCat 2 ModerateCat 3 SeriousCat 4 Severe

NFPA HMIS

GHS NomenclatureCat 1 Severe hazardCat 2 Serious hazardCat 3 Moderate hazardCat 4 Slight hazardCat 5 Minimal hazard

New HMIS 2013 Format• New format to compliment GHS• Avoid confusion with Numbering

Labels - Shipping• DOT Requirements are Aligned with GHS 2012.• Standardization for all Product Labels. • Each Label Must Include:

Product Identifier Supplier Information Signal Word Hazard Statement Precautionary Statement Pictograms within DOT Label DOT Shipping

Shipping Label Elements Example

Pictogram Shape and Color• For transport (DOT), pictograms will have the background

and symbol colors currently used Blue = Health Red = Fire Yellow = Reactivity White = Specific Hazard

• For other sectors, pictograms will have a black symbol on a white background with a red diamond frame.

• Black frame may be used for shipments within one country.• Where transport pictogram appears - GHS pictogram for

same hazard should not appear.

DOT PictogramsFlammable Liquid Flammable Gas Flammable Aerosol

Flammable solid Self-Reactive Substances

Pyrophorics (Spontaneously Combustible) Self-Heating Substances

Substances, which in contact with water, emit flammable gases (Dangerous When Wet)

Oxidizing Gases Oxidizing Liquids Oxidizing Solids

Explosive Divisions 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

Explosive Division 1.4

Explosive Division 1.5

Explosive Division 1.6

Acute Toxicity (Poison): Oral, Dermal, Inhalation

Corrosive

Marine Pollutant Organic Peroxides

Compressed Gases

Other DOT Pictograms(Not Incorporated Into GHS)

Class 6.2Infectious substances

Class 7Radioactive material

Class 9Miscellaneous

dangerous substances and articles

Federal OSHA Resources

• Regulatory• HCS/HazCom 2012 Final Rule • HCS Comparison: HazCom 1994 and 2012

http://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/side-by-side.html

• FAQs• Guidance • OSHA Briefs • Fact Sheet

• Quick Cards Labeling Safety Data Sheets Pictograms

Haz Com Web Page: www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/index.htmlGuide to GHS: www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/ghs.htmlhttp://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/side-by-side.html

Free to Download In English & Spanish

Summary Action Plans

• Train Employees on New 2012 HCS Labels and SDSs Complete by December 1, 2013

• Update SDS & Labels Manufacturers by June 1, 2015 Distributors Sell Through Until December 1, 2015

• Update Workplace Labels & Facility Specific Written Program Complete by June 1, 2016

Training Summary

• Today’s training program included:• Overview of changes to the OSHA Hazard

Communication Standard (HazCom)• Labeling requirements• Safety Data Sheets (SDS) format – 16 categories• Resources

QUESTIONS ???