The Gender wage gap: & HOW NOT TO GET STUCK IN IT
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Transcript of The Gender wage gap: & HOW NOT TO GET STUCK IN IT
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THE GENDER WAGE GAP:& HOW NOT TO GET STUCK IN IT
Sponsored by the Center for the Education of Women, The Career Center, and the Women’s Studies Department.
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What You’ll Learn
1. Why does the gender wage gap matter?
2. What causes it?
3. What can I do about it on a political level?
4. How can I avoid it on a personal level?
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Comparable Worth: Refers to equal pay for work of equal value. Tries to resolve the inequities that are rooted in sex-segregated jobs. EX: Janitors and Maids do work of equal value and should therefore be paid equally. Equal Pay: Advocates for equal pay of men and women in the same position. EX: Male and female Janitors should be paid equally. This is the focus of the Gender Wage Gap & Negotiation Workshop.
Comparable Worth vs. Equal Pay
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Measuring the Gender Wage Gap
The average American woman working full-time year-round earns about 77% of a man’s earnings
The size of this gap hasn’t changed in a decade!
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Michigan’s Gap
• In 2011, Michigan ranked 43 out of all states in average female to male earnings ratio of 74%
• The average Michigan woman working full-time made $37,117 last year compared to $50,053 for a man
That’s a $12,936 difference in earnings!
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Educational Choices Affect Wage Gap
Women bachelor’s degree recipients working full-time year-round earn 82% of what their male counterparts earn within just one year of graduating
Female dominated areas of study often have lower pay than male dominated fields
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Bachelor’s Degrees by GenderArts, Humanities, Education, Health & Welfare
Science, Math & Technology
WomenMenWomen
Men
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Average Annual Earnings One Year after College Graduation, by Undergraduate Major and Gender
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
$60,000
$48,493
$39,618$38,034
$31,924 $31,382
5514251296
45143
3863436208
0.88
0.770.840000000000001
0.8300000000000010.870000000000001
$45,582
$34,989 $33,180$31,015
WomenMenxx%= Women’s earn-ings as a % of men’sNo significant gender difference in earnings
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For Example: Social Work
The raw difference in average salaries for men and women working full-time in a social work job is $12,045
Social work salaries by gender: Occupational profile. (2011). In NASW Center for Workforce Studies & Social Work Practice.
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Choices Made After Entering the Workforce Affect Women’s Earnings
Out of those working full-time, women are earning 69% as much as men and are equally as likely to be married and have children
10 years after graduation, 81% of men work
full-time compared to 61% of women.
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Moms with one child earn 7% less than women without children.
A woman with 2+ children earns 14% less than a woman without children.
The “Mommy Penalty”
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Women & Social Security
Because women are paid less than men when they work, &
Often work fewer hours for some years,
They receive smaller Social Security benefits whenthey retire.
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Discrimination Factors into the Gap
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Unconscious Bias & Accumulation of (Dis)Advantage
Virginia Valian: Why So Slow? The Advancement of Women
•Gender schemas = intuitive beliefs about behaviors and traits, by gender
•John’s resume rated higher than Jane’s
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Implicit Assumptions
Harvard research on unconscious bias
Test your own assumptions about gender, race, sexual orientation, etc.
YOU’LL BE SURPRISED how deeply bias is ingrained in all of us!
https://implicit.harvard.edu/implicit/demo/takeatest.html
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What Can YOU Do to Create Change?
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Write an editorial, blog or social media post
Stand Up for Pay Equity
house.gov senate.gov pay-equity.org/cando-
indiv.html
action.citizen.org/pickMedia.jsp?letter_KEY=199
Tell Congress to support Paycheck Fairness Act
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Create Awareness
Organize an online petition to show high level support for pay equity legislation. Change.org is easy & free to use!
Use Social Media Post a Facebook status or Tweet to
create awareness about the wage gap.
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Avoiding the Pay Gap on a Personal Level
• Consider long-term financial implications of career & family choices you make
• Seek out union jobs, which typically offer better pay & benefits
• Develop negotiation skills to ask for higher pay & other resources
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