The first TETRA System in India A Brief by- PRASHANT RAO Chief Communication Engineer

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The first TETRA System in India

A Brief by-

PRASHANT RAO

Chief Communication Engineer

DMRC


Delhi – the need for a mass rapid transit system

• As cities grow in size, the number of vehicular trips on road system goes up. This necessitates a pragmatic policy shift to discourage private modes and encourage public transport.

• Delhi has experienced phenomenal growth in population in the last few decades. Its population has increased from 57 lakhs (5.7M) in 1981 to > 120 lakhs (12 M) presently.

• For want of an efficient mass transport system, the number of motor vehicles has increased from 5.4 lakhs (540k) in 1981 to 40 lakhs (4M) by now.

• The number of motor vehicles in Delhi is now more than that of Mumbai, Calcutta, Chennai put together. The result is extreme congestion on Delhi roads, ever slowing speeds, increase in road accidents fuel wastage and environmental pollution with motorized vehicles alone contributing to about two thirds of the atmospheric pollution.


Delhi Metro Rail Corporation

• To rectify this situation the Government of India and the Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi, set up a company named Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd.

• DMRC was then given a mandate to construct >50 kms of Metro Rail tracks in Delhi by 2005.


• Work on Phase I started in 1998

• First section between Shahdara and Tis Hazari was opened on 24th Dec 2002. ( ~8 Km)

• Now ~55 km operational in total.


Delhi Metro

• Line I ( Shahdara – Rithala) ~22 km– Line I ( Shahdara – Rithala) was made operational for

commercial services in three stages:• Shahdara – Tis Hazari : with effect from 25th Dec, 2002 • Tis Hazari – Inderlok : with effect from 4rd Oct, 2003 • Inderlok – Rithala : with effect from 1st April, 2004

• Line II ( Vishwavidyalaya – Central Secretariat) ~11 km– Vishwavidyalaya – Kashmere Gate: with effect from 20th

December, 2004. – Kashmere Gate – Central Secretariat : w.e.f 3rd July, 2005.

• Line III ( Barakhamba – Dwarka Sub City ) ~ 23 Km– Barakhamba Road- Dwarka Section: w.e.f 31 Dec,2005

• Extension of Line III – on-going– Extension into Dwarka sub-city– Barakhamba Road- Indraprastha Extension


Telecommunication Systems

• Fibre Optics –SDH/Access• Radio System-TETRA• Centralised CCTV• Centralised Public address• Centralised Display Systems• SCADA System• Centralised Master Clock System

Radio System

•Train to Controller Communication

•Operations & Maintenance Personnel

•Security Staff


PMR Technologies

• MPT 1327• Iden- (Motorola’s Proprietary)• ASTRO- (Motorola’s Proprietary)• EDACS – (Ericsson’s Proprietary)• APCO25-Digital/Analog FDMA• TETRA-Digital TDMA-True Open Standard


Why TETRA

• TETRA was selected as the radio technology for the following reasons:– Open Standards

• Guaranteed minimum performance.(~ 500 ms Setup time)

• Provides evolutionary growth.

• Sourcing from more than one vendor.

• Competitive pricing.

– Frequency Efficient.– Integrated voice and data.– Site Trunking & DMO

• TETRA will safeguard DMRC’s investment for the next 15 years.


DMRC Radio System

• Digital Trunked Radio System operating in 380-400MHz conforming to ETSI TETRA standard

• Calling of Train by Train Identity Number (TID)

• Customized GUI Screen for Dispatch Operator• Train Radio Control Panel for train drivers• Interfaces to other Telecommunication

Subsystems such as FOTS (fibre optic transmission system), PA (public address), EPABX and TC&S (Train control & Signalling).

• Alcatel (Line 1&2) and Siemens (Line 3) supplied the telecommunication system including the radio system.

• Motorola was selected as the sub-supplier to provide the TETRA integrated digital radio system for all the Lines uptill now..


System Sizing• The scope of work executed includes:

– Central Network Equipment(SwMi) at Master Site – 11 x Radio Base Stations ( +4 More Under

Commissioning)• 2 Base Radios per site

– 8 x Customized GUI Dispatchers– 50 x 2 Trainborne Mobile Radios

• Mobile Radio, Train Control Interface, Radio Control Panel

– 55 Fixed Radios • Standard Mobile Radio installation

– 500 Portable Radio


DMRC TETRA CONFIGURATION

11 x EBTS

TETRA Site Controller

Base Radio Base Radio RFDS

TETRA Site Controller

Base Radio Base Radio RFDS

PSTN

NMS

OCC

RCW x 6

User Server Database

Server SDS Server

CAD Server

11 x X.21 (SLM)

11 x X.21

1 x E1

Central Electronic

Bank 2 x E1

RCW x 1 Depot

(Khyber Pass)

FOTS

Zone Controller with CADI Server

Telephone Interconnect

Gateway

AEB

Transcoder

Site Link Multiplexer

1 x E1

RCW x 1 Depot

(Shastri Park)

RCW x 1 Depot

(NajfGrh Pass)


RCW Console

TETRA Infrastructure

RCW Console

RCW Console

RCW Server

OCC RCW Equipment

ATS Input

Radio

TRIU

TRCP

Trainborne Equipment

Portable

Station Equipment

Radio

Group A Group B Group X

Hand portable Groups Zetron Model

390

ATS Input

Other Data System

Zetron Model

390 Radio

Zetron (RAU) for: • CC • ASC • RSC

• ACC • SC • FC

Zetron Model

390 Radio Depot RCW

Console


Radio CNE


Radio Dispatch Sub-system

• The radio dispatch application was customized according to DMRC’s operational requirements.

• The development of application is based on Application Program Interfaces

• The required functionalities are performed from the customized GUI of the dispatch terminals. Key functions include:

– Calling of trains by their assigned Train Identity Number or RakeID

– Full duplex private calls between Dispatcher and Train Drivers.

– PA announcement to trains from Dispatcher at OCC.

– Etc.


Radio Dispatcher


Dispatcher – Train Table View


Train Cab Radio

Handset

Display

Radio Panel


I/O

CPU

DC/DC

TRIU

I/O

CPU

DC/DC

TRIU

TRCP

MRMR

TRCP

Fall Back Link

•Trainborne Radio Equipment consists of

Mobile RadioTrain Radio Control PanelTrain Radio Interface Unit

•Implemented in the Front and Rear cab

•Fall Back connection to Rear cab

•Operating in the standby mode to the Front cab

Trainborne Radio Equipment Architecture


RCW

Driver

OCC

EPABX

Radio Network

RCWDCC

Train

Users

Call Features

•Individual Call•Group CallEmergency CallDirect Mode Operation (DMO) CallTelephone Interconnect Call

Train Radio Communication Capability

Call Matrix

•Train Radio - OCC•Train Radio - DCC•Train Radio - Train Radio•Train Radio - EPABX•Train Radio - Hand Portable


Direct PA Announcement from OCC to Inside of Train

• In case of Emergency (e.g. Driver incapacitated), Controller can Make Direct Announcement inside Train

• Pre_Recorded Announcement through Front Active Cab-Simultaneous Voice +Data

• Live Announcement through Back Cab-Driver can still use front Radio

Implemented by Interfacing of On-Board Radio to On-Board PA System.


Subscriber Radio FeaturesGroup Mode Operation

Excellent voice qualityFast call set-up (300 ms)

Emergency Button Operation

Private Mode Operation

Phone Mode Operation

Status Mode Operation

Short Data Transport Service Access

Text Message Operation

Packet Data Service Access

Site Trunking Operation

Direct Mode Operation

Talkgroup Scanning


Portable to EPABX/PSTN Call

• Selected Users allowed Portable to EPABX\PSTN calls

• Both Incoming\OutGoing Calls allowed• Full Caller ID available• Full Duplex Voice Calls, just like a GSM Phone


Radio to Station PA Announcement

• In Emergencies, Portable to Station PA announcement facility. ( Fire, Evacuation,etc)

• Good Quality Voice due to inherent improved Quality of TETRA

• Can Select a Particular Station Number and a particular Zone ( UP-PF,DN-PF,Concourse,Full,etc)

• Implemented by Radio Interface to EPABX and further EPABX Interface to PA


Network Trunked Mode

DMO-gateway

Direct Mode (DMO)

Direct Mode (DMO) Direct Mode (DMO)

DMO-repeater

Direct Mode (DMO)

Direct Mode Operation


Radio Coverage in Underground

• Is by LCX Cables and Indoor Antennas

• Bi-directional Amplifiers(BDA)/RF-Optical Repeaters provided at every station ,feeding cables into tunnels and station areas.

• LCX cables are also provided for GSM/CDMA operators for Mobile coverage


Power Splitter

1:2

Station1 Station 3 Station2 Station N

BDA BDA

CN

PS

EBTS

Station Network

Station Network

Station Network

Further ext

BDA BDA BDA

DC Blocs DC Blocs DC Blocs

BDA


MTP700 Specifications

Battery life (with Std LiIon or NiMh Battery)

24 Hours (5/5/90), 15 Hours (5/35/60)Environmental protection

IP54 (dust & water ingress)MIL810 C/D/E (shock, vibration, drop ...)

Mode of operation

Simplex/Duplex, TMO/DMOBands

380-430 MHzRF power

1 WattRX sensitivity

-112 dBm minimumAudio power (speaker)

500 mWattOperating Temp:-30°C to +60°C


MTM700 Specifications

Environmental protection

IP54 (dust&water ingress) – std. Mobile

MIL810 C/D/E (shock, vibration,

drop ...)Mode of operation

Simplex/duplex, TMO/DMO

Bands 380-430MHz

RF power 3 Watt

RX sensitivity (static/dynamic) -112/103 dbm minimum,

typically 2 dB better Audio power (speaker)

5 W minimum Operating/storage temperature

-30 to +60/-55 to +85 Other

Ext. PTT input External foot/hand emergency

input Horn&light output


STATION RADIO PHONE


Radio Tower (50 m)


Remote Base Station (BTS)


Items Need to be Addressed by Manufacturers

• ISI- A true Interoperability with Mobility/Roaming and not just Talk Group Patching.

• Fully Non GPS Based Sites

• Dual Mode Mobiles with GSM-R/TETRA

• TETRA over WLAN with Dual Mode Mobiles


Conclusion

• TETRA communication system has been implemented successfully

• The signals are clear

• The voice clarity is excellent

• The TETRA Technology effectively meets DMRC’s operational and functional expectations.

THANK YOU

The first TETRA System in India A Brief by- PRASHANT RAO Chief Communication Engineer

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