The First Red Scare The Bolshevik Russian Revolution of...
Transcript of The First Red Scare The Bolshevik Russian Revolution of...
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The First Red Scare
The Bolshevik Russian
Revolution of 1917
Initially caused concern
in America about
spreading Unions
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The First Red Scare
American Newspapers
exacerbated the fears of
the American Public
“Yellow Journalism”
and Propaganda
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The First Red Scare
The Industrial Workers
of the World backed
several labor strikes in
1916 and 1917
Union agitators became
synonymous with anarchists
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The First Red Scare
Authorities discovered and
investigated numerous
bombings by Anarchists
Anarchists targeted
36 Key Leaders:
1919 – Attorney General’s Home
1920 – Wall Street Offices
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The First Red Scare
Congress legislated
new laws to control
perceived threats
Espionage Act of 1917
Sedition Act of 1918
Immigration Act of 1918
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The First Red Scare
Attorney General
A. Mitchell Palmer
ordered raids
Promoted
Anarchist Trials
and Deportations
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The First Red Scare
Sacco & Vanzetti Trial
1922 - 1927
Emma Goldman
Anarchist Imprisonment
Deportation 1910-1919
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Rise of Internal Conflicts
Rise of the
Communist Party of
the U.S.A.
(1919-1946)
Growth of the
Communist Populist
Movement (1946-49)
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Rise of Internal Conflicts
German-American
Bund Formed in 1936
Establishment of the
American Nazi Party
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Legacy of the First Red Scare
Did not distinguish
between Communism,
Anarchism, & Socialism
Led to the establishment
House Committee on
Un-American Activities 1938
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WWII: Uneasy alliance with
Communist Russia
1946: Long Telegram raised
concerns over the growing
Spread of Communism
1949: Communist Chinese
created the “People’s
Republic of China”
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1947: Wisconsin Senator
Joseph McCarthy was
elected
1950: McCarthy’s
“Enemies from Within”
Speech at Wheeling, WV.
(To get re-elected)
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“Enemies from Within”
I have here in my hand a list of
205 . . . a list of names that were
made known to the Secretary of
State as being members of the
Communist Party and who
nevertheless are still working and
shaping policy in the State
Department. . . .
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McCarthy’s
“Enemies from Within”
Created a “Wildfire”
of Hysteria about the
Spread of Communism
in American Society
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The Hollywood Blacklist
Hollywood
professionals
suspected of
Communist
sympathies
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The Hollywood Blacklist
Eddie Albert (Actor)
Oklahoma (Movie)
Green Acres (TV)
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The Hollywood Blacklist
Leonard
Bernstein (Composer)
West Side Story (Theater)
Peter Pan (Disney Movie)
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The Hollywood Blacklist
Burl Ives (Actor)
Cat on a Hot
Tin Roof (Movie)
Rudolph (TV)
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The Hollywood Blacklist
Burgess
Meredith (Actor)
Grumpy Old Men (Movies)
Rocky (Movies)
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The Hollywood Blacklist & Red Channels
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Famous Spy Trials
Alger Hiss (1949-50)
“Guilty of Purgery”
The Rosenbergs (1951-53)
“Executed for Treason”
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Army-McCarthy Hearings (1954)
Televised Hearings
against several
high-ranking U.S.
Army Officers
Depicted Joe
McCarthy as a
“Bully” and a
“Political Fraud”
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Results of McCarthy’s “Witch Hunts”
Month Positive Negative
January 50% 29%
June 34% 45%
Public Opinion on McCarthy (1954)
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Results of McCarthy’s “Witch Hunts”
Congressional Censorship (1954)