The First Presidents
description
Transcript of The First Presidents
![Page 1: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The First Presidents
Rise of the People, Growth of A Nation
![Page 2: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Background: United States in 1789• 9 out of 10
Americans were farmers
• 13 states in the United States
• Population was about 4,000,000
• More people on the way from Europe & Africa
![Page 3: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
1: George Washington (1789-1797)
• Did not belong to any political party
• Tried to unify the country• Vermont, Kentucky,
Tennessee became new states
• Was leader of Continental Army
![Page 4: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
2: John Adams (1797-1801)
• Federalist Party• Did what Alexander
Hamilton wanted him to do
• Tried to get rid of Free Speech with Alien and Sedition Acts
• Was Washington’s vice president
![Page 5: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
3: Thomas Jefferson (1801-1809)
• Democratic-Republican• Wanted a country of small
farmers• Doubled the size of United
States with Louisiana Purchase
• Ohio a new state• Was Washington’s
Secretary of State
![Page 6: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
4: James Madison (1809-1817)
• Democratic-Republican• Was Jefferson’s
Secretary of State• Won the War of 1812,
industry began to grow• Louisiana and Indiana
became new states
![Page 7: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
5: James Monroe (1817-1825)
• Democratic-Republican• Was Madison’s Secretary
of State• Told Europe to stay out
of the New World• Mississippi, Illinois,
Alabama, Maine and Missouri new states
![Page 8: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
6: John Quincy Adams (1825-1829)
• Democratic-Republican• Was Monroe’s Secretary
of State• Barely won the
presidency• Led to the split of the
Democratic-Republicans
![Page 9: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
End of an Era: United States in 1829
• 8 out of 10 Americans were farmers
• 24 states in the United States
• Population was about 13,000,000
• Still more people on the way from different areas
![Page 10: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Three Great Speeches…
Washington, Jefferson, and John Quincy Adams
![Page 11: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Washington’s Farewell• Gave this speech in
1797 as he left office
• Warned against political parties, which he called “factions”
• Also cautioned against alliances with foreign countries
![Page 12: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Jefferson’s Inauguration• Gave this speech
right after he became president in 1801
• Told people that they needed to work together
• Tried to bring people together after a rough election
• Wanted to calm fears of Federalists
![Page 13: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
John Quincy Adam’s 4th of July Speech• Gave this speech to
Congress in 1821• Said that America
would not try to get colonies like Europe had
• Also warned Europeans countries to stay out of the Americas
• Foreign Policy!
![Page 14: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Similarities?
• In looking at our notes from the 3 speeches, what do they all have in common?
![Page 15: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Answer!
• We are all Americans!• All united under one cause and
under one government system that works!
![Page 16: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Important Speeches• Find the following 3 speeches in your book:– George Washington’s Farewell Address, p. 148– Thomas Jefferson’s Inaugural Address, p. 436– John Q. Adams Fourth of July Address, p. 437
• On a separate sheet of paper, do the following:– Read each speech carefully– Rewrite the speech in your own words
• For Washington’s speech summarize what the book says about the importance of his speech and answer the questions.
• Then answer the following questions (use books):– When was this speech given?– What is this speech about?– What is this speech trying to do?– Why do you think this speech is considered important?
![Page 17: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Daily Quiz: Class Style• What political party were four of the six
first presidents a part of?• What political party was George
Washington in?• What happened the percentage of
farmers in the United States over time?• Who was the only Federalist president?
![Page 18: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Supreme Court Cases
Growth of Capitalism
![Page 19: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
McCulloch v. Maryland: Background
• The Bank of the United States began to open banks in different states
• Opened one in Maryland• Maryland got mad and
charged a special tax on the bank
• McCulloch, leader of the bank, refused to pay
![Page 20: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
McCulloch v. Maryland: Outcome• In 1819, the case went to
the Supreme Court• Court ruled that
Maryland was wrong• Said the Constitution
gave the federal government “implied powers” to run the country that were not specifically listed
• Increased the federal government’s power
![Page 21: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Gibbons v. Ogden: Background• Gibbons was a guy who
ran a boat service that was licensed by Congress
• Ogden had a boat service licensed by New York
• Ogden got New York to block Gibbons from coming into the state
• Gibbons sued for entry into the state
![Page 22: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Gibbons v. Ogden: Outcome
• In 1824, the case went to the Supreme Court
• Court ruled that Gibbons could go into New York
• Said whatever decision Congress made about business would override state decisions
• Meant states could not protect their own businesspeople
![Page 23: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Jackson and the National Bank
Face off…
![Page 24: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Andrew Jackson (1829-1837)• Champion of the people• Thought that the Bank of the
United States benefited the rich at expense of farmers and workers.
• Bank had a monopoly on federal deposits.
• “Slay the monster”• Jackson “starved” the banks to
death by not depositing federal money into them. Deposited money into state banks.
![Page 25: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
So what?
• What did Andrew Jackson and the Supreme Court cases show about the United States government?
![Page 27: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
That’s what!
1. McCullough vs. Maryland and Gibbons vs. Ogden increased the power of the federal government by ruling against the state.
2. Jackson increased power of the presidency and made it more responsive to what the public wanted.
![Page 28: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Art, Music, and Literature
The Rise of American Nationhood
![Page 29: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Art
• It was the first pure American art thus giving the nation a distinct artistic identity.
![Page 30: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Music
• Until 19th Century majority of music was heard in church.
• Many songs inspired by spirituals created by slaves.
• Patriotic songs were very popular.• The first early American musical traditions
were created!
![Page 31: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Two Authors, Many Books
Cooper and Irving
![Page 32: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Cooper (Part 1 of 2)• James Fenimore Cooper
was an author from New York who lived from 1789 to 1851
• One of the first famous American Writers
• His books became famous in the United States and Europe
• Wrote historical realistic fiction
![Page 33: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Cooper (Part 2 of 2)• Cooper wrote books
about the American frontier
• Main character was a white frontiersman raised by Indians
• Often idealized relations betweens whites and Indians
• Wrote The Deerslayer and The Last of the Mohicans
![Page 34: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Irving (Part 1 of 2)• Washington Irving was
an author from New York who lived from 1783 to 1859
• One of the first famous American writers
• His stories are still popular today around the world
• Wrote fictional stories
![Page 35: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Irving (Part 2 of 2)• Irving wrote many
fictional short stories based in New York
• Wrote Rip Van Winkle, about a man who fell asleep for 20 years
• Wrote Sleepy Hollow, about a headless horseman
![Page 36: The First Presidents](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062521/5681667a550346895dda1b48/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Summary
• Art, Music, and Literature helped shape the identity of early America and contributed to a growing sense of national pride, or nationhood.