The Exodus Event - Springfield Park Baptist Church · 2019-12-27 · The Exodus Event : Exodus...

Tuesday 4th November 2008 By Gary Auker 1

The Exodus Event

A talk by

Gary Auker

To

Springfield Park Baptist Church

United House Group

Tuesday 4th November 2008


The Exodus Event : Overview

This talk will consider :

• 10 Plagues

• Where did the Israelites cross the “Red” Sea?

• When did the Exodus happen?

• What was the Pillar of Cloud & Fire?

• Putting the evidence for the Exodus together

• Concluding remarks

http://www.bradshawfoundation.com/evolution/



The Exodus Event : The 10 Plagues מכות מצרים

1. Blood (Ex. 7:14 - דם (7:25

2. Frogs (Ex. 7:26-8:11) ע ד פר צ

3. Gnats (Ex. 8:12 - כנים (8:15

4. Flies (Ex. 8:16 - ערוב (8:28

5. Livestock (Ex. 9:1 - ר (9:7 ב ד


6. Boils (Ex. 9:8 - חין (9:12 ש

7. Hailstorm (Ex. 9:13 - ברד (9:35

8. Locust (Ex. 10:1 - בה (10:20 אר

9. Darkness (Ex. 10:21 - ך (10:29 חוש

10. Death of 1st born (Ex. 11:1 - כורות (12:36 מכתב

The Exodus Event : The 10 Plagues מכות מצרים


The Exodus Event : crossing which sea?

• Red Sea (Yam Suphim)

• Original Hebrew manuscript use phrase Yam Suph in

Hebrew: סוף-ים

• Yam Suph means Sea of Reeds

The translation "Red Sea" is simply a traditional translation introduced into

English by the King James Version through the second century BC Greek

Septuagint and the later Latin Vulgate.

• At the time of Exodus there would have been Reed

Marshes on the Northern Coast of Egypt next to the

Mediterranean Sea.


The Exodus Event : Possible Exodus Route

Succoth ?

Pithom

Migdol

= Avaris = Pi-Ramesses

Pi-Hahiroth ?

• Ex 12:37 – Pi-Ramesses to

Succoth

• Ex 13:20 – Succoth to

Etham

• Ex 13:21 - Pillar Cloud /

Fire ahead

• Ex 14:2 – Israelites turned

back & camped near Pi-

Hahiroth opposite Baal-

zephon

• Ex 14:19 – Pillar Cloud

moved from front to behind

• Ex 14:28 – Waters flowed

back & covered Egyptians


The Exodus Event : Pillar of Cloud & Fire

• As we shall see later the account of the Pillar of

Cloud by Day & Fire by Night in Exodus is key

to placing the Exodus Event in History.


The Exodus Event

How do we view the Exodus account described in the Bible?

Is it :

• God intervened by entirely Supernatural means that

cannot be studied by Archaeological or Scientific study.

OR

• The description in the Exodus is based on how God

employed both natural & supernatural events. If the

Exodus account records some real natural events

occurring at the time evidence may still be around today

that can be open Scientific investigation.




The Exodus Event

• This talk will take the 2nd view – God employing natural

as well as supernatural events.

• After all God created nature so he can command nature

as he wills.

• We cannot hope to find evidence outside the Bible for

all the things in the Book of Exodus.




The Exodus Event : Detective Work Begins

• Like all good detectives our first step in finding out

what happened is to find out when it happened.

Agatha Christie’s Belgian

detective character

Hercule Poirot


The Exodus Event : Archaeological Periods

Late Bronze Age

Iron Age

Early Bronze Age

Middle Bronze Age

New Stone Age

Late Bronze Age

Iron Age

Early Bronze Age

Middle Bronze Age

New Stone Age3500 BC

2500 BC

1500 BC

500 BC

1 AD

1000 BC

2000 BC

3000 BC

Babylonian

Persian

RomanMiddle East Britain

Roman

Ptolemaic / Greek

Stone

HengeGreat

Pyramids

Daniel

Alexander the Great

Jesus

Ramesses II

Solomon


The Exodus Event :Great Pyramids not built by the Israelites

• The Great Pyramids at Giza were already around 1,000

years old when Moses was born.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/All_Gizah_Pyramids.jpg


The Exodus Event : When was the Exodus?

• Traditional Exodus dated c.1440BC from 480yrs (1 Kings 6:1) before

Solomon’s Temple c.960BC but no archaeological evidence for

Israelites in Egypt at that time.

• Is 480 yrs actual years or 12 (community) x 40 (generation) = Meaning

end of generations of Israelite community in Egypt. A real generation is

nearer 25 yrs x 12 = 300 yrs.

• Other date c.1260BC if Pharaoh was Ramesses II since Ex 1:11 talks

about Israelites building Pi-Ramesses & Pithom Cities.

• City Pi-Ramesses refers to its name when Exodus written down

(c.600BC) and not at time of Exodus event itself. City name could have

been different during time of Exodus itself.


The Exodus Event :Which Pharaoh?Pharaoh of Egypt

Reign 1279–1213 BC, 19th Dynasty

• But Ramesses II invaded many parts of Israel in his reign (1279 – 1213 BC).

So the Israelites could not have escaped Ramesses II by crossing the Sea.


The Exodus Event : Israelites in Egypt?

• Ramessess II (1279 – 1213BC) was not the Pharaoh of the Exodus.

• No evidence that Israelites were in Egypt in Late Bronze Age (1550 –

1100 BC).

• Some Archaeologist began to think the Exodus account was a myth.

• However if we look at the Middle Bronze Age we do find very strong

evidence of Semitic Peoples living in the Land of Goshen in the Lower

Nile region.

• The Egyptians called these people the Hyksos.

• The Hyksos were so well established they had their own Kings and

their Capital City was Avaris during the 2nd Intermediate Period.


The Exodus Event : Exodus Pharaoh

A look at all the archaeological evidence shows that the best fit is to

identify the Exodus Pharaoh with the expulsion of the Hyksos from Egypt

around 1570-50 BC, this was in Pharaoh Ahmose I reign.

Ahmose I

The most credible

candidate for the

Exodus Pharaoh Ahmose I chases the Hyksos from Egypt


The Exodus Event : Upper & Lower Egypt


The Exodus Event :

• Archaeology shows the Hyksos / Israelites lived in Egypt

circa (1700 – 1550 BC)

• We know that Pharaoh Ahmose I waged war and regained

Egyptian control of the whole of Egypt (Upper & Lower)

• But what about the Pillar of Cloud and the Plagues?

• Is it plausible that the Pillar of Cloud & Fire was a volcanic

ash cloud?

• If so it could also fit some of the accounts of the Plagues of

Egypt.




The Exodus Event : Pillar of Cloud

Mt. St. Helens volcanic

ash column 1980

Darkness covers the land

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/MSH80_eruption_mount_st_helens_05-18-80.jpg


The Exodus Event : Volcanoes start Lightening & Hailstorms

Indonesia - : Mount Rinjani - A smaller outbreak in 1995.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Rinjani_1994.jpg


The Exodus Event :

• But wait a minute there are no active Volcanoes in

Egypt.




The Exodus Event : nearest Volcano Santorini

Santorini

(Thera)

VolcanoPossible

Sea of

Reeds

site


The Exodus Event : Santorini Volcano very powerful

Greek Island of Santorini (Thera) Central Lagoon ~ 8 x 4 miles across

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Santorini_Landsat.jpg

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/SantoriniPartialPano.jpg


The Exodus Event : Dating the eruption

• Charred Olive branch found in 1st phase ash deposit

was Radiocarbon Dated to 1626 – 1600 BC


The Exodus Event : Putting it all together10 Plagues of Egypt could have started after 1st phase of eruption

Major Volcanic eruptions can reduce African monsoon reducing flow of Nile.

This would mean effluent dumped in the Nile would not have been diluted as much

as normal resulting in a Physteria blooming the cause of the 1st plague.

10 mm

“Red Tide” La Jolla, San Diego, California, USA & Dead fish in Carolina USA




The Exodus Event : Putting it all togetherThe 10 Plagues of EgyptMajor Volcanic eruptions can reduce African monsoon reducing flow of Nile.

This would mean effluent dumped in Nile would have not been diluted as much as

normal resulting in a Physteria blooming the cause of the 1st plague.

1. Water turned to Blood (Ex 7)"Physteria". This dyno-flagellate algae dissolves the still living fish,

making the water toxic. This fitted the Exodus description perfectly.

2. Frogs - Toads, no fish to eat tadpoles, population explosion.

Toads try to escape toxic river, die due to toxins already ingested.

3. Gnats - Dead Toads provide abundant food for Gnats

and Flies that causes them to have their own

population explosion.

4. Flies - Stable fly: bites both livestock & people.


The 10 Plagues of EgyptMajor Volcanic eruptions can reduce African monsoon reducing flow of Nile.

This would mean effluent dumped in Nile would have not been diluted as much as

normal resulting in a Physteria blooming.

5. Livestock - midge "coolacoidees",

6. Boils - Glanders bacterium

carried by the stable fly, which only has a range of 1 mile.

7. Hailstorm - Volcanic Eruptions are known to induce massive hailstorms,

Laki 1783

8. Locust - Devoured crops after flattened by Hailstorm

The Exodus Event : Putting it all together


The Exodus Event : Putting it all together

The 10 Plagues of Egypt

9. Darkness - Sandstorm ("cashimh“) or Volcanic Ash cover grain stores

10. Death of 1st born –

"Stachybotrys atra“, from Locust droppings , a black water loving mould

that grows on cellulose produces mycotoxins on it's spores, which causes

haemorrhaging of the lungs.

People would die within hours with no outward cause of death visible.

Israelites grain did not get covered by fall out from Darkness Plague so no

incubation of Locust droppings carry mould.


The Exodus Event : “Moving” Cloud Pillar

Santorini

(Thera)

Volcano

Succoth ?

Pithom

Migdol

= Avaris = Pi-Ramesses

Pi-Hahiroth ?

Possible Sea of Reeds

site (Yam Suph)

Mt. Pinatubo eruption 1991 ,

Philippines; VEI=6

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Pinatubo_ash_plume_910612.jpg


The Exodus Event : Waters draw back

Tsunami Wall Painting,

Akrotiri village on the Island of Santorini

This is probably the oldest picture of a tsunami in the world (over 3,500 years old).


The Exodus Event : Waters draw back

The waters return with great force

sweeping away tens of thousands of peopleFirst the waters recede

THEN

Asian Tsunami, 26 Dec 2004

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/2004-tsunami.jpg

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/KataNoiReceding.jpg


The Exodus Event : Concluding Remarks

• The essential elements of the Exodus account are credible based on

archaeological & geological evidence.

• The 10 Plagues could have been started by the Change in Climate

induced by the 1st phase of Santorini Eruption (largest Volcanic

eruption in the Northern Hemisphere in the last10,000 years).

• Tsunami from final stages of eruption caused waters to draw back

then return 1 – 2 hours later.

• The date of eruption c 1600BC is close to but not exactly the same

to when the Pharaoh Ahmose I chased the Hyksos from Egypt c.

(1570 – 1550 BC).

• God’s timing used the eruption to free his people from Egypt.

The Exodus Event - Springfield Park Baptist Church · 2019-12-27 · The Exodus Event : Exodus...

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