The Executive Branch. Today’s Essential Question:

The Executive Branch

Today’s Essential Question:

Why do you think the presidency is called a Glorious Burden??

Who assists the President?

When George Washington was President, people recognized that one person could not carry out the duties of the President without advice and assistance.

The President receives help from the: Vice President Cabinet Members Heads of Independent and Executive

Agencies.

Unlike the powers of the President, their responsibilities are not defined in the Constitution.


President

CabinetFederal

AgenciesVice

President

The Heads of the 15 Executive Departments.

Created by Congress

Member of the President’s

Cabinet

The Presidency. A Glorious Burden.

November 2007. Election Night.

November 2011. Election Night.

Not Just President Obama…

Presidency

Qualifications

Native born citizen

At least 35 years old

U.S. Resident for 14 years

I need to have all these

Qualifications!!!!

Presidency

Term of Office

Elected to a 4 year term

No term limits in the Constitution

22nd Amendment set a 2 term limit

Presidency

Salary and Benefits

$400,000 a year plus $50,000 allowance

Use of Air Force One and a fleet of cars and

helicopters

White House and Camp David

Presidency

Qualifications Term of Office Salary and Benefits

Native born citizen Elected to a 4 year term$400,000 a year plus $50,000

allowance

At least 35 years oldNo term limits in the

ConstitutionUse of Air Force One and a fleet

of cars and helicopters

U.S. Resident for 14 years22nd Amendment set a 2 term

limitWhite House and Camp David

The Vice PresidentYou have a distinct old man smell, get away from me……

As soon as these cameras are gone so am I….

Vice President

QualificationsDuties and

Responsibilities

Salary and Benefits

Must meet same Constitutional requirements as President

Takes over if the President dies or is removes from Office

$186,300 annual salary plus $10,000 allowance

Presides over the Senate

Presidential Succession Eight U.S. presidents have died while in office. One president resigned. In each case, the vice president took the oath of office and became president as provided by the Constitution.

William H. Harrison, Natural Causes

John Tyler, Vice President

Zachary Taylor, Natural Causes

Millard Fillmore, Vice President

Abraham Lincoln, Assassinated

Andrew Johnson, Vice President

James A. Garfield, Assassinated

Chester Author, Vice President

William McKinley, Assassinated

Theodore Roosevelt, Vice President

Warren Harding, Natural Causes

Calvin Coolidge, Vice President

Franklin D. Roosevelt, Natural Causes

Harry Truman, Vice President

John F. Kennedy, Assassinated

Lyndon Johnson, Vice President

Richard M. Nixon, Resigned

Gerald R. FordVice President

Twenty-fifth Amendmentadopted in 1967new president nominates a new vice president

Nomination must then be approved by a majority vote of both houses of Congress.

The Order of Presidential Succession The Vice PresidentThe Speaker of the HouseThe President pro tempore of the Senate

Members of the president’s cabinet in the order in which their departments were created

Departments in Succession Order Secretary of State Secretary of the Treasury Secretary of Defense Attorney General Secretary of the Interior Secretary of Agriculture Secretary of Commerce Secretary of Labor Secretary of Health and Human Services Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Secretary of Transportation Secretary of Energy Secretary of Education Secretary of Veterans Affairs Secretary of Homeland Security

7 Major Roles of the President

1.) Chief Executive2.) Chief Diplomat3.) Commander in Chief4.) Political Party Leader5.) Legislative Leader6.) Judicial Leader7.) Chief of State

Powers and Duties of the President

1.) Chief ExecutiveCarries out the nation’s laws Issues Executive Orders (rule or command the President issues that has the force of law; usually during time of crisis)

Appoints cabinet members, ambassadors, judges, heads of govt. agencies


2.) Chief Diplomat Responsible for making treaties with other

countries with Senate approval Meets with foreign leaders Can make Executive Agreements with

leaders of other countriesHas the force of law but does not require Senate approval

Responsible for appointing ambassadors with Senate approvalAn official representative of a country’s government

Powers and Duties of the President3.) Commander in Chief

President is final authority over all military mattersoFounding Fathers believed in civilian control over the military; person elected by the people has final say over all military matters

President can use military in times of war.1973: War Powers Act passed by Congress President must notify Congress when troops sent anywhereTroops must be brought home after 60 days unless Congress declares war, or gives approval for troops to stay.

Controversial Law which has never been challenged in the Supreme Court; Checks and Balances issue?

When was the last time the United States passed a Formal Declaration of War?December 8, 1941.

Japan

December 11, 1941.

Italy

Germany


4.) Political Party LeaderSupports party members in election campaigns and helps unify the party

Appoints members of party to key govt. jobs


5.) Legislative LeaderProposes legislation and uses many tactics to get the bill passed

Prepares the federal budget

Approves or vetoes legislation


6.) Judicial LeaderAppoints judges to Federal Courts and the U.S. Supreme CourtAppoints Justices whose point of view is similar to their own

Powers and Duties of the President7.) Chief of State

Role is symbolic – President represents all Americans

- Gives a human face to American govt.- Can be demonstrated in many ways

Greeting heroes


7.) Chief of State (Continued)

- Throwing first pitches at baseball games

- Inviting musicians to perform at White House


7.) Chief of State (Continued)

Attending funeral of another country’s leader.

Speeches and Ceremonies

Checks and Balances

Executive Branch checks on the Legislative Branch

Vetoes lawsCalls Congress into special session

Executive Branchchecks on the Judicial Branch

Appoints federal judges

Legislative Branch Checks Powers OVER the President

Senate approves treaties and presidential appointments

The House of Representatives appropriates money; “power of the purse”

Congress can override vetoCongress can impeach and

convict the President and Vice President

Judicial Branch Checks Powers over the President

The Supreme Court can rule Executive Acts unconstitutional Hey What

Do You Expect..w

e only have one document

to use here! Just follow it!

Geez

Executive Branch Checks Powers over the

Legislative Branch

Executive Branch Checks Powers over theJudicial Branch

o Vetoes lawso Convenes (calls) Congress into

special session

o Nominates Supreme Court Justices and federal judges

o Grants pardons and reprieves

Legislative Branch Checks Powers over the President

Judicial Branch Checks Powers over the President

- Senate approves treaties and presidential

appointments- The House of Representatives

appropriates money (Power of the Purse)- Congress can override vetoes- Congress can impeach and

convict the President and Vice President

- Grants pardons and reprieves-The Supreme Court can rule Executive Acts unconstitutional

How the president influences policymaking

(Laws/legislation)

The Executive Branch influences

policymaking (laws) by:

Proposing legislation

(giving Congress ideas for laws)

Giving the State of the Union

Address

Annual speech to Congress that is an important way for a

President’s agenda to be communicated to the public and

to Congress


influences policymaking

(laws) by:

Approving or Vetoing bills

The Executive Branch influences

policymaking (laws) by:

Appointing officials that carry

out the laws

Appealing directly to the people

The President appoints the heads of cabinet

departments, independent agencies and regulatory

commissions.

Executive Departments

Executive DepartmentsCongress has the power to establish, reorganize and to eliminate executive departments

Executive DepartmentsEach department as a specific area of responsibility

Executive DepartmentsHeads of the Executive Departments make up the President’s Cabinet

CabinetNot mentioned in the Constitution, but

every President has had a CabinetAdvise the President and help implement

federal lawsTitle of most cabinet members is

secretaryHead of the Department of Justice is the

Attorney General

Department of State

Department of Defense

Department of Justice

Department of the Interior

Department of Treasury

Department of Health and Human

Services

Department of Transportation

Department of Education

Department of Labor

Department of Veteran’s Affairs

Department of Housing and Urban

Development

Department of Energy

Department of Commerce

Department of Agriculture

Department of Homeland Security

Independent Agencies and Regulatory Commissions

Independent Agencies and Regulatory CommissionsCreated by Congress

Source of Administrative Laws: Laws not created by Congress, but by an agency Congress has given specific permission to create laws.

Independent Agencies and Regulatory CommissionsSeparate from the executive departments because they perform specialized duties.

Help to carry out federal laws

Independent Agencies and Regulatory Commissions

Internal Revenue ServiceTasked with collecting taxes from all individuals and businesses in the United States

Federal Communications Commissionregulates interstate and international communications by radio, television, wire, satellite and cable

The Federal Bureaucracy

Formed by the departments and agencies in the executive branch

3 million people work in the bureaucracy

Operates under heavy rules and regulations that create “red tape

The Executive Branch. Today’s Essential Question:

Documents

Transcript of The Executive Branch. Today’s Essential Question: