The ever changing face of our planet Rock Cycle Quiz Resources Trevor Heard, 2008.
-
Upload
ezra-underwood -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
0
Transcript of The ever changing face of our planet Rock Cycle Quiz Resources Trevor Heard, 2008.
The ever changing face of our planet
The Rock Cycle:
Rock Cycle Quiz Resources
Trevor Heard, 2008
Igneous Rock
Metamorphic Rock
Magma/Lava
SedimentaryRock
Sediment
Heat & Pressure (Metamorphism)
Melting
Compression (lithification) Weathering, Erosion,
Deposition
Heat & Pressure
(Metamorphism)
CoolingMelting
Melting
Weathering, Erosion, DepositionWeathering, Erosion, Deposition
The Cycle
Back to Main PageClick each button to learn more about that area!
Melting occurs when one tectonic plate is pushed beneath another plate (subduction)
The crust reaches the mantle and begins to melt due to the extremely high temperatures, creating magma
Eventually this magma is pushed back towards the surface by volcanism, where it cools and again forms Igneous rock
Melting
Back to Main Page
Back to Rock Cycle
Cooling is the process by which magma or lava forms Igneous rock
Magma rises towards the earths surface through volcanoes or rifts
As the magma/lava cools, it gains viscosity and turns into solid rock
The faster the magma/lava cools, the smaller the grain (crystal) size will be (Obsidian), and the slower it cools, the larger the grain size will be (Granite)
Cooling
Back to Main Page
Back to Rock Cycle
Weathering, Erosion and Deposition are the processes that break down solid rocks into sediment
Weathering is the wearing down of rocks through direct contact with the atmosphere, 2-types: chemical and mechanical
Erosion is the wearing away and movement of earth and rock by means of wind, water, ice or gravity
Deposition is the process by which sediment is carried to and dropped at a new location.
Deposition from wind, water or ice
Weathering, Erosion, Deposition
Back to Main Page
Back to Rock Cycle
Metamorphism is a change in minerals, texture and composition of rock due to heat, pressure, and chemical actions being applied to it
Can also be defined as a solid-state recrystallisation of rock (no melting)
Several types of metamorphism including: contact, hydrothermal, and dynamic metamorphism
Heat & Pressure (Metamorphism)
Back to Main Page
Back to Rock Cycle
Compression or Lithification is the process(es) by which sediment is converted into sedimentary rock
Processes include compaction (the tight packing of sediments caused by high pressure), as well as cementation (the binding together of sediments due to chemical precipitates forming in pore spaces)
Compaction generally occurs due to added weight from overlaying deposits
Compression (Lithification)
Back to Main Page
Back to Rock Cycle
Igneous Rock is formed directly from cooled lava or magma.
Igneous rock formed from lava (on surface) is known as volcanic and extrusive
Igneous rock formed from magma (underground) is known as plutonic and intrusive
Rock formed on the surface tends to cool more quickly than underground and therefore have smaller crystals
Examples: Granite, Basalt
Igneous Rock
Back to Main Page
Back to Rock Cycle
Metamorphic Rock is formed when Igneous, Sedimentary or even older Metamorphic rock undergoes Metamorphism due to increases in Heat and Pressure
Commonly formed at tectonic plate boundaries
Metamorphic rock is divided into two texture categories: foliated; and non-foliated
Foliations are the result of differential stress on only one plane, creating cleavage
Examples: Schist, Gneiss, Slate
Metamorphic Rock
Back to Main Page
Back to Rock Cycle
Magma is molten rock material that occurs beneath the Earths surface
Lava is molten rock material that occurs on the Earths surface
When cooled, Lava and/or Magma form Igneous rock
Magma provides heat that aids in Metamorphism
Magma/Lava are commonly found in volcanic regions such as plate boundaries, hot spots, and mid-ocean ridges
Magma/Lava
Back to Main Page
Back to Rock Cycle
Sedimentary rock is formed from the accumulation and consolidation of sediment, usually in layered deposits
Several categories of Sedimentary rock including clastic, biogenic and precipitates
Sedimentary rock covers about 75-80% of the earths surface
Examples: Conglomerate, Sandstone, Dolomite
Sedimentary Rock
Back to Main Page
Back to Rock Cycle
Sediment is a loose, unconsolidated deposit of weathered debris, chemical precipitates and/or biological debris
When sediment is consolidated it forms sedimentary rock via the process of lithification (compaction and expelling of fluids)
Sediment sizes are (smallest-largest): clay, silt, sand, gravel, cobble, boulder
Sediment is transported by wind (aeolian), water (fluvial) or ice (glacial) processes
Sediment
Back to Main Page
Back to Rock Cycle
Now that you’ve got the Rock Cycle diagram memorized, lets try to answer some questions. Just click the button with the right answer!
Quiz
Back to Main Page
Start Quiz
Skinner, Brian J., Porter, Stephan C., and Botkin, Daniel B. The Blue Planet: An Introduction to Earth Science, 2nd Edition. Wiley: 2nd ed. Jan 25, 1999.
Definitions http://geology.com
http://geology.com/dictionary/glossary-s.shtmlRock Cycle
www.roygbivwyo.com/rockcyc.jpgRock Photos
www.dkimages.com
Resources
Back to Main Page
Move on to the next question!
Correct!
Back to Question
s
Go back and try the question again
Incorrect
Back to Question
s
Sediment is converted to Sedimentary rock by the process of:
Question 1
Compression
(Lithification)
Heat & Pressure
(Metamorphism)
MeltingWeathering, Erosion and Deposition
Next Question
Metamorphism consists of which processes?
Question 2
Weathering, Erosion,
Deposition
Compression
(Lithification)
Heat & Pressure
Melting
Next Question
Which option does not describe a characteristic of a surficial Igneous rock?
Question 3
ExtrusiveLarge Grain
SizeVolcanic
Small Grain Size
Next Question
Which is not one of the means by which erosion can be carried out?
Question 4
Gravity Wind Water Fire
Next Question
When any type of rock undergoes weathering, erosion and deposition, it creates this:
Question 5
SedimentSedimentar
y rockLithification
Magma/Lava
Next Question
What are the two main categories of Metamorphic rocks?
Question 6
Layered & Not
Layered
Mafic&Felsic
Foliated & Non-
foliated
Plutonic & Volcanic
Next Question
A rock described as being a large grained, plutonic and formed from magma would be an example of a(n):
Question 7
Igneous rock
Metamorphic rock
Sedimentary Rock
Lava
Next Question
Which is the process that magma/lava would not have to undergo to become Sedimentary rock?
Question 8
Compression
(Lithification)
Heat and Pressure
(Metamorphism)
CoolingWeathering,
Erosion, Deposition
Next Question
Which of the following is the smallest grain size of sediment?
Question 9
Sand Cobble Silt Clay
Next Question
Lithification (compression) is made up of compaction, and which other process?
Question 10
Erosion Deposition WeatheringCementatio
n
Finish
Well, how did you do? 8-10: Wow!, you know your stuff!5-7: Not bad, but keep practicing0-4: Ouch!, better study some more
Congratulations, you're done!
Back to Main Page