THE EUROnu PROJECT - CERN · 2011-09-06 "EUROnu", IPAC'11, Elena Wildner 2. EUROnu outcome =...
Transcript of THE EUROnu PROJECT - CERN · 2011-09-06 "EUROnu", IPAC'11, Elena Wildner 2. EUROnu outcome =...
Elena Wildner, CERNRob Edgecock, STFC/RAL
THE EUROnu PROJECT: “A High Intensity Neutrino Oscillation Facility In Europe”
2011-09-06 1"EUROnu", IPAC'11, Elena Wildner 1
• FP7 Design Study of
Next generation neutrino oscillation facilities in Europe
• CERN to Frejus Superbeam (SB)
• Neutrino Factory (NF), in collaboration with IDS-NF
• Beta Beams (BB)
• Performance of baseline detector
• Physics reach
The EUROnu Project
2011-09-06 2"EUROnu", IPAC'11, Elena Wildner 2
EUROnu outcome
=
DesignCostSafetyRiskTime scale
Det
ecto
rs
Physics
Comparison: performance – cost – safety – risk
Input to the definition of a Road Map for neutrino physics in Europe(together with other neutrino facilities studies)Report to CERN Council via Stragey Group and ECFA
Faci
lity
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• Aim: comparison of physics, “cost” & risk
• Input for the neutrino “Road Map”
• Reported to CERN Council via SG/ECFA
• Project started: 1st September 2008
• Duration: 4 years – completion in August 2012
EUROnu Reporting
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Country Partner
Belgium Louvain
Bulgaria Sofia
France CEA
CNRS (4)
Germany MPG (3)
Italy INFN (3)
Poland Cracow
Spain CSIC (2)
Switzerland CERN
UK Durham
Glasgow
Imperial
Oxford
STFC
Warwick
Country Associate
Canada TRIUMF
France GANIL
Germany Aachen
India INO
Israel Weizmann
Portugal Lisbon
Russia IAP, Novgorad
JINR, Dubna
Switzerland Geneva
UK Brunel
USA Argonne
Brookhaven
FNAL
Virginia Tech
Muon Collaboration
Partners
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EUROnu physics I
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• Neutrinos have mass
• They appear in different flavours
• They oscillate
• Measure parameters describing oscillations!
• Some of them not known yet
• sin22θ13 (T2K?), δ, mass hierarchy
• Crucial for our knowledge about the universe
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EUROnu physics II
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NFBBSBBB+SB
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The Superbeam
EUROnu
Detector in the Fréjus tunnel
Superbeam favored by T2K hints
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4MW accommodation
Eb = 4.5 GeV Beam Power = 4MW -> 4x1-1.3MW Repetition Rate = 50Hz -> 12.5Hz Protons per pulse = 1.1 x 1014
Beam pulse length = 0.6ms
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4-horn/target system in order to accommodate the 4MW power @ 1-1.3MW, repetition rate @ 12.5Hz for each target
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The Target Choice
favourable baseline for Superbeam to Fréjus
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Favored Target for Superbeam
Heat RemovalInertial dynamic stress wavesCoolinghelium (water)Neutron Production – heat load/damage of hornSafetyRadiation resistanceReliabilityPion yield
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Forward-closed shape with no-integrated target:best compromise between physics and reliability
The Horn Design
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Integration, Safety and Maintenance
Activation and Energy Deposition
The Superbeam is a well proven technological option for the next round of experiment towards CP violation!
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SPSPS
DR
SPL
ISOL target
“Molten Salt Loop”target
6He 18Ne
ν-Beam from beta decay of circulating radioactive ions
Linac
Collection
ECR
8B/8Li
Linac 100 MeV
RCS
Decay Ring: Bρ ~ 500 Tm, B = ~6 T, C = ~6900 m, Lss= ~2500 m, γ = 100, all ions
Baseline
PR
Linac4
The CERN Beta Beam
New installations needed shown in red
Detector in the Fréjus tunnel for the baseline option
CERN Specific, Beta Beam favored by T2K hints
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The Production Ring (8B and 8Li)
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Gas Jet target proposed in EUROnu: too high density would be needed vacuum problems
Direct Production with liquid film targets Collaboration ANL
Production of 8B and 8LiC. Rubbia, EUROnu proposal
Aachen Univ., GSI, CERN
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The collection device
UCL, Louvain la Neuve
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8B & 8Li production: X-sections
INFN, Legnaro
6Li (3He,n) 8B
7Li (d,p) 8Li 6Li (3He,n) 8B
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Integration: PS & SPS
• End-to-End simulations and optimisations needed:• Handling space charge & collective effects in PS and SPS
18Ne Experiments for Beta Beams
Molten salt loop experiment to produce 18Ne experiments at CERN & LPSC (Grenoble)
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18Ne production rate estimated to 1 x1013 ions/s (dc) for 960 kW on target.
"EUROnu", IPAC'11, Elena Wildner
Production of Beta Beam isotopes
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Aim: 2.0 1013 for low-QType Accelerator Beam Ibeam
mA
EbeamMeV
PbeamkW
Target Isotope FluxS
-1Ok?
ISOL & n-converter
SPL p 0.07 2 103 135 W/BeO 6He 5 1013
ISOL & n-converter
Saraf/GANIL d 17 40 680 C/BeO 6He 5 1013
ISOL Linac 4 p 6 160 960 23Na 19FMolten NaF loop
18Ne 1 1013
ISOL Cyclo/Linac p 15 60 900 23Na 19FMolten NaF loop
18Ne 1 1013
ISOL LinacX1 3He 85 21 1800 MgO80 cm disk
18Ne 1 1013
P-Ring LinacX2 d 0.160 25 4 7Li 8Li 3 1013
P-Ring LinacX2 3He 0.160 25 4 6Li 8B 8 1011
Experimentally OK
On paper OK, exp. 2011
Not OK yet
Planned experiments ISOLDE CERN
Targets below MWatt is a considerable advantage!
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28 GHzwaveguide
High voltagering
Plasmachamber
Plasmaelectrode
Extractioninsulator
Pullerelectrode
400 A Power supplyand magnet
T. Lamy
60 GHz ECR Source
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The Neutrino Factory
EUROnu
EUROnu and IDS-NF
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MERIT: Hg targets
• Free mercury jet target• Intercepting a 4‐MW proton beam • Surrounding solenoid of 15 T
CERN
Powder Targets
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Solid target:– Lifetime limitation from beam-
induced shock:
1
2
3
4
1. Suction / Lift2. Load Hopper3. Pressurise Hopper4. Powder Ejection and Observation
Contained stable jet
Tungsten-powder jet:– (Jet) advantage:
• Avoids issue of shock
– (Solid) advantage:• Avoids issue of Hg handling
– ‘Bench-test’ system under evaluation– Proof of principle:
system under consideration
EMMA: Linear nonscaling FFAG
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• EMMA electron model of muon accelerator• Commissioning without surprises• Proof of principle!
Nufact Front End Experiments
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Two Pass Arc in “Dogbone” RLA
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A. Bogacz
Innovative 2-pass ‘droplet’ arc composed of symmetric super-cells consisting of linear combined-function magnetsLarge Dynamic Aperture for two discrete energies (up to factor of two energy ratio)
Synchronization with linac accomplished via path-length adjustment - harmonic jump
Simultaneous transport of µ±
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• Far detector: 100 kton at 2000-4000 km• Magic detector: 50 kton at 7500 km • Appearance of “wrong-sign” muons• Segmentation: 3 cm Fe + 2 cm scintillator• 1 T magnetic field
iron (3 cm) + scintillators (2cm)
ν beam15 m
15 m
B=1 T
50-100kT
50-100 m
Detectors: MIND for NF, 25 GeV
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MEMPHYS Water Cherenkov detector 1 shaft = 215 kt
Water target
Possible location: extension of Fréjus laboratory
Ongoing R&D for single photo detection
Synergy with HK (Japan) and UNO (USA)
The MEMPHYS Detector
Near Detectors
ν beam3 m
3 m
B>1 T
~20 m
High Res DetectorMini-MIND
VertexDetector
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Control of the systematics for the long baseline neutrino oscillation
* Characterize neutrino beamin addition to moun/ion beam instrumentation
* Cross section measurements
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Fréjus
Studied Options in LAGUNA
Synergies essential: Detectors/Beams
The outcome of the detector study may be decisive for the future of the neutrino-facilities due to cost of the detector and the cavern.
2300 km
Medium βcryomodul
e
High βcryomodule
sEjec
tion
9 x 6β=0.65 cavities 11 x 8
β=1 cavities
13 x 8β=1
cavities
toEU
RIS
OL
Debunchers
To H
P-PS
and
/or A
ccum
ulat
or
High βcryomodule
s
From
Lin
ac4
0 m0.16 GeV
110 m0.73 GeV
291 m2.5 GeV 500 m
5 GeV
Segmented cryogenics / separate cryo-line / room temperature quadrupoles:- Medium β (0.65) – 3 cavities / cryomodule- High β (1) – 8 cavities / cryomodule
Proton Driver: HP-SPL
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Needed for NFactory & SB (BB)
Costing and Safety
2011-09-06 "EUROnu", IPAC'11, Elena Wildner
• Costing Exercise will assume implementation on CERN site• Better comparison
• Work Breakdown Structure set up• Costing tool (CERN) is used
• Cost of equipment will be estimated as well as possible• Some equipment need resources for design
• Layout & civil engineering cost driving• Beta Beam exercise started• Followed by Superbeam & Nufact
• Second safety workshop scheduled
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• Baselines largely defined
• Design work still continues
• Moving more towards “engineering”
• Costing, on-going
• Safety and risk, on-going
EUROnu Status ¾ of duration
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Next Steps• ECFA Neutrino Panel: Report on review
• EUROnu participation in CERN Strategy Review• Kick off this summer• Finish next summer/autumn
• EUROnu contribution under discussion• Input before EUROnu finished• Agreement is combined information from:
• EUROnu, LAGUNA-LBNO, IDS, etc
• EUROnu Final Report will go to CERN Council
• EUROnu future under discussion• Would like to continue, HOW needs to be determined