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The Integument

What is it?

Skin

Hair

Glands

Horns

Hoof

Claws

What does it do?

Protective barrier

Reduces water loss

Prevents bacterial invasion

Protects from trauma

Thermoregulation

Protection from predators

Tough covering for feet

Skin

Covers the outside of the horse

Thickness varies

Exposure

Adherance

Tight

Loose - can give "SubQ" injections

Mucocutaneous Junctions

Where the skin meets the mucous membranes?

Oral

Anal

Nostril

The Skin

Epidermis

Dermis

Hypodermis

Epidermis

The outer layer of skin

Avascular

Stratified squamous epithelium

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Few nerve endings

Composed of...

Stratum basale

Stratum spinosum

Stratum granulosum

Stratum lucidum

Stratum corneum

Keratin

Keratinization

The process by which cells are hardened to make skin, nails, and

hair.

Dermis

Has dermal papillae that connect with the epidermisContains blood supply, lymphatics, and some nerve endings

Melanocytes

Determine skin colour

Hypodermis

Layer of loose connective tissue that separates the dermis from the

tissue underneath

Permits movement of the skin without tearing

Variable amounts of fat are presentHair Types

Guard

Wool

Tactile

Anatomy of the Hair Follicle

Modification of the epidermis

Hair bulb

Dermal papilla

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Internal epithelial root sheath

External epithelial root sheath

The Individual Hair

Medulla

CortexCuticle

Shedding

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Equine Sweat Gland

Sweat glands in other species occur in the planum nasolabialeof

the cow, and in the planum nasaleof sheep and pigs.

Anhydrosis

Inability to sweat in response to work or an increase in body

temperature.

Athletic horses are affected most frequently, though the condition

also appears in pastured horses that are not being ridden.

Most commonly occurs when both temperature and humidity arehigh.