The English Verb
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Transcript of The English Verb
The English Verb
an overview
conjugated or invariable?
am / is / arewas / were
to be / bebeing / been
take / takestook
to take / taketaking / taken
take / takestook
to take / taketaking / taken
ask / asksasked
to ask / askasking / asked
ask / asksasked
to ask / askasking / asked
the conjugation process
1. take the infinitive to ask chiedere
2. remove the infinitive marker
to ask chiedere
3. add the subject He ask Lui chied
4. add the verb ending He asks Lui chiede
5. add context He asks for a ticket Lui chiede un biglietto
1. take the infinitive to ask chiedere
2. remove the infinitive marker
to ask chiedere
3. add the subject I ask Io chied
4. add the verb ending I ask_ Io chiedo
5. add context I ask for a ticket io chiedo un biglietto
1. take the infinitive to ask chiedere
2. remove the infinitive marker
to ask chiedere
3. add the subject I ask Io chied
4. add the verb ending I ask_ Io chiedo
5. add context I ask for a ticket io chiedo un biglietto
invariable forms
infinitive to be
base form(infinitive without to)
be
gerund(ing-form)
being
present participle(ing-form)
being
past participle been
4 types of verb
Does she live in Rome?
Does she live in Rome?Vive a Roma?
Does she live in Rome?Vive a Roma?
Do you live in Rome?Vive a Roma?
Change in:- person
Do you live in Rome?Vive a Roma?
Change in:- person
Did she live in Rome?Viveva a Roma?
Change in:- person- tense
Did she live in Rome?Viveva a Roma?
Change in:- person- tense
She lives in Rome.Vive a Roma.
Change in:- person- tense- +ive/-ive/?ive
She lives in Rome.Vive a Roma.
Change in:- person- tense- +ive/-ive/?ive
Does she live in Rome?Vive a Roma?
GRAMMAR INFO:- person- tense- +ive/-ive/?ive
Does she live in Rome?Vive a Roma?
GRAMMAR INFO:- person- tense- +ive/-ive/?ive
Does she leave early?
Does she leave early?Parte presto?
Does she leave early?Parte presto?
Does she leave early?Parte presto?
non-grammatical ‘real-life’ info
Does she live in Rome?Vive a Roma?
Does she live in Rome?Vive a Roma?
Does she = vivelive = vivere
to live = vivereto = vivere
putting it all together
constructions where the main verb is the first verb
I’m English.John isn’t here.Are they students?
You weren’t ready.
We have lessons on Mondays.She liked the present.
Answer the question!Be good!
I’m English.John isn’t here.Are they students?
You weren’t ready.
‘to be’+ive/-ive/?ivepresent simplepast simple
We have lessons on Mondays.She liked the present.
‘all other verbs’+ive ONLYpresent simplepast simple
Answer the question!Be good!
all verbs+ive ONLYimperative
constructions where the main verb is the second verb
family aux. / modal main verb
simple tenses do / doesdid INF
modals can could
willwould
shallshould
maymight
must- INF
continuous am / is / arewas / were ING
prefect have / hashad P.P.
passive am / is / arewas / were P.P.
Identify the main verb:
I’m here.I’m working.He wants an ice-cream. Do you want one?They want to decide today.We have to study hard.Do you enjoy reading?I would have told you.It’s made in Italy.Did you have to do a lot of preparation?I can’t tell you.Do what I say! Don’t do what I do!Have you got a pen?Do you have a pen?I have to say goodbye. I must go.
Put the main verb in the right form:
I would have TO FIND time.This room is being TO USE.It’s been TO RAIN for hours.It might have been TO FIND.And she might have been TO LOOK for it.It would have been TO MEND, if…It might TO BE a good idea to…It might have TO BE a good idea to…I will TO BE there at 8pm.
Put these verbs in the right form:
I … time. [TO HAVE] present simple -iveShe … to leave. [TO HAVE] past simple –iveHe … the book. [TO READ] present perfect -iveShe … breakfast. [TO HAVE] past continuous +iveWe … already … the film. [TO SEE] past perfect +iveYou … a pen. [TO HAVE] present simple ?iveYou … the film. [MUST + TO SEE] modal present +iveYou … on time. [TO HAVE + TO ARRIVE] present +iveYou … in here. [MUST + TO SMOKE] modal present -iveYou … a ticket. [TO HAVE + TO BOOK] present -ive