The efficiency of extracts of plants that have

EFFICIENCY OF PLANTS EXTRACTS

THAT CONTAIN MELATONIN IN

PARKINSON DISEASE RATS

Carlos J. Santos Pérez, RISE Student

Background Information

The rats have a very similar neurological system to human.

The cause of Parkinson Disease in a patient is the absence of dopamine.

Symptoms:

Trembling of the extremities

Stiffness

Slowness

Poor balance or coordination

Melatonin

Is an hormone that is produce in the brain by the

pineal gland, from the amino acid tryptophan.

Synthesis and release of melatonin are stimulated

by darkness and suppressed by light, suggesting

the involvement of melatonin in circadian rhythm

and regulation of diverse body functions.

Levels of melatonin in the blood are highest prior

to bedtime.

Melatonin Extract: Achillea millefolium

Achillea millefolium- a plant that is commonly called Achillea, we can found it in North America and it contains a high concentration of melatonin

45.4 ng/g of the plant.

Melatonin & Alzheimer

Recent studies indicate that the presence of

melatonin in Alzheimer improve patient

health, so we can investigate if melatonin

has the same effect in patients with other

neurodegenerative disease , in this case

Parkinson’s Disease.

Objectives

The objectives of this investigation are:

Determine if the extract of Achillea help patience with

Parkinson Disease to control their involuntarily

movements.

Prove that melatonin is a diverse remedial hormone that can

be use to treat Parkinson Disease Symptoms including the

lack of sleeping symptom

Hypothesis

If we apply melatonin extract of Achillea plant in

rats with Parkinson Disease then we should see less

involuntarily movement in the rats at higher

concentrations of extract.

Rotenone

The Rotenone Molecule is a mithocondrial inhibitor that have been used to induce dopaminergic neuronal death.

Inhibit the pathway of dopamine production.

That’s why it cause Parkinson’s Disease.

Rotenone at 3 mg/kg/day will induce degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergicpathway (Caboni, 2004)

This will be subcutaneously

Procedure

Extracts of Achillea millefolium.

Need a Population of mice for the experiment.

Groups:

Control- It consist of 25 healthy rats and 25 sick rats. They

will not be affected by the extracts of Achillea millefolium.

Experimental- It consist of three group:

Concentration of 60%, will be injected subcutaneously.(25 rats)

Concentration of 10% , will be injected subcutaneously(25 rats)

Rats

Control Group

Healthy Rat(No ML)

Rats with Parkinon’s

Disease(No Ml)

Alcohol(25) Levodopa(25)

Experimental Group

Rats with Parkinson’s- 40% concentration of

ML(5mL

subcutaneously)

Rats with Parkinson’s 10% of ML(5mL subcutaneously)

How to do the extracts?

Tincture- Alcoholic extract that alcohol is the solvent.

We will use: 40% and 90% of alcohol and plant.

The ethanol extract have to be placed in rotatory

evaporator to eliminate the solvent, obtaining an

extract, which was weighed and stored in

dissecator.

Variables

Time of Dosis of both of the concentrations: daily

5ml/day This will be for at least 1 year.

Independent Variables- Concentrations and dosis of

the extracts may vary.

Dependent Variable- the temblors and involuntary

movements of the rats.

Type of Data- Qualitative. This research is based

on the observation of the rats behaviors.

Goals

If my hypothesis is reaffirmed I will proceed to use

different plants to do the extracts and compare

results.

As a second phase for my research project I will

expand my research work to primates.

References

Ferri, Fred F. Practical guide to the care of the medical patient. – 7th ed. Pages: 776-777

Marsden CD. Problems with long-term levodopa therapy for Parkinson's disease. Clin Neuropharmacol. 1994;Page 17

Marioni F. A straightforward procedure to biosynthesise melatonin using freshly chopped Achillea millefolium L. as reagent PhytochemistryLetters, Volume 1, Issue 2, 21 August 2008, Pages 107-110

German DC, Manaye K, Smith WK, Woodward DJ, Saper CB. Midbrain dopaminergic cell loss in Parkinson's disease: Computer visualization. Ann Neurol. 1989; 26:507–514.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18289173 Last visit- 7/25/2010




The efficiency of extracts of plants that have

Education

Transcript of The efficiency of extracts of plants that have