The earth and its living world
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Transcript of The earth and its living world
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The Earth and its living World
Where do you get water from?
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On the surface of the earth, there is some land and water
Spheres of the Earth
Lithosphere - Land Hydrosphere - Water Atmosphere - Air
constituents Biosphere - Living things.
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Lithosphere
Earth's crust is hard rock and soil
Lanol - grassy;sand,crops,forests
1/3 part of lithosphere- Land
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Continent
Large or Vast continuous stretch of Land.
Divided into seven continents Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, South America Australia, Antarctica
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Land forms
Land is not even in all placesGive rise to different shapes
eg. Plain, Hill, Mountain
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Hydrosphere
2/3 part of earth covered with water.
Water part is divided into : Ocean- salty water, Surface water and fresh water
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Oceans
Salty water - five oceans Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic, South Ocean, Indian Ocean.
Land along margins of ocean called coastal region
Water bodies of different shapes and sizes.- sea, bay, strait, Gulf etc.
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Rivers
Fresh water reservoirs streams of water flowing over the land Streams are - Rills, Brook, Rivers Rills, brooks, streams - join to form rivers Rivers join to make bigger river tributaries Rivers cascade down a sudden drop - water fall Rivers flow to the ocean.
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Lakes
Water collected in a low lying area of land - Lakes
eg. Manas sarowar
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Ice form of water, Glacier
water particles in the clouds freeze in cold regions
come down in the form of snow Layer of snow pile up on ground to form
ice. In low - lying area ice pile become huge
mass slips down; a slope - glacier Blocks of ice floting in sea- Iceberg
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Groundwater- (Well)
water stored in underground layer well, bore wells, under ground springs Hydro Sphere :water on earth is surface,
Ground water, Water vapours
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Atmosphere
Air around Earth Higher from the surface air becomes rarer. Consists- mixture of gases, nitrogen,
oxygen, water vapour, carbon dioxide Layers of Atmosphere Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere Ionosphere, Exosphere
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Troposphere
13 km from earth's surface
conditions changes continuously
Go higher in troposphere air becomes cooler
Weather related phenomena rain, fog, clouds, Winds, Storms.
Aeroplanes fly in higher parts (mountaineers)
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Stratosphere
Beyond troposphere about 50 km Ozone gas layer Ozon layer absorbs ultra violet rays.
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How does it rain
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Water evaporates due to sun's heat
Water vapour lighter than air,
Goes higer,cools,condenses- Fine drop lets of water
Droplets forms clouds. Smaller droplets Bigger
drop can not float Fall down on the earth- Rain
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Water Cycle Rain water flows into rills, streams, rivers
and finally into sea Evaporation of this water Condensation, rainfall continuously
processes are done
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Biosphere
Variety of living things in different regions. Snowbound polar-bear , Africa –Zebras,
Australia-Kangaroos, Hot climate- Elephants, Lions.
Living things exist in litho, hydro, atmo Living world- biosphere
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Plants, animals, microbes are dependent on one another
Biosphere is where living things take birth, live and die
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Three Layer of Earth
Earth is surface occupied by land 1/3 and water 2/3
Litho - soil, rock Hydro - Salty, fresh
water reservoir Atom –Tropo, strato Bio - All living
things