Ch. 11: Political Developments in the Early Republic Alexander Hamilton Thomas Jefferson.
The Early Republic Conflict between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton.
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Transcript of The Early Republic Conflict between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton.
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The Early RepublicThe Early RepublicThe Early RepublicThe Early Republic
Conflict between Thomas Conflict between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Jefferson and Alexander
HamiltonHamilton
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The Early Republic• Chronology:• 1776 – Declaration of Independence• 1781 – Articles of Confederation• 1789 – Federal Constitution• 1791 – Bill of rights added to the
Constitution
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Thomas Jefferson• Author of the
Declaration of independence
• Secretary of State in President Washington’s Cabinet
• Believed in a loose interpretation of the constitution.
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Alexander Hamilton• Delegate to the
Constitutional Convention
• Was Secretary of the Treasury in George Washington’s Cabinet
• Favored a loose interpretation of the Constitution.
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George Washington• Became the fist chief
executive of the new Republic.
• Put his stamp on the new government by creating the presidents Cabinet
• Sided with Hamilton more than Jefferson.
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Conflict• Alexander Hamilton favored that the
national government assume the debts of the states.
• To pay the debt he wanted an excise tax, and tariffs and establish a national bank.
• He wanted the nations’ capital to be established in Philadelphia or new York.
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Conflict• Thomas Jefferson wanted the states to
be responsible for their own debt.• He and other southerners wanted the
capital to be located in the South.• Thomas Jefferson opposed creation of a
national bank because there was nothing about it in the Constitution.
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Compromise• The national capital would be
located in the South after moving from New York to Philadelphia to a place to be chosen at a future time.
• In return the Southern interests would support the assumption of all debts by the national government.
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Break• Alexander Hamilton pushes for the
creation of a National Bank, based on the idea that a national bank is one way to control commerce.
• When President Washington supports Alexander Hamilton over the objects of Thomas Jefferson, he resigns from the Cabinet.
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Alexander Hamilton’s Views
• Democracy:• The best course for the United States is
government by an aristocracy. • The Federal Government:• A powerful federal government is
necessary to ensure the peace and liberty of the states.
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Alexander Hamilton’s Views
• The Economy:• Government should encourage the
growth of cities, manufacturing, and shipping. Tariffs are necessary to protect American industry. The federal government should assume state debts and establish a national bank. A national debt, if not large can aid the economy.
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Alexander Hamilton’s Views
• The President and Congress:• The President should serve in office for
life. A lifetime senate should be recruited only from men of property.
• The Law:• Congress has the authority top enact
any legislation that is necessary and proper for the security, growth, and well-being of the United States.
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Democratic – Republicans Views
• Democracy:• The common people will make just and
wise decisions. • The Federal Government:• A centralized federal government
infringes on the rights of the individual and leads to abuse of power.
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Democratic – Republicans Views
• The economy:• The United States would be better off to
remain an agricultural nation. Tariffs are harmful to the farmer and the American economy. States should pay their own debts. A Bank of the United States is not necessary. A national debt should not be permitted.
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Democratic – Republicans Views
• The President and Congress:• Everybody should have an equal
opportunity to serve in public office. Elections should be held regularly and often.
• The Law:• Congress should have the power to do
only what the Constitution explicitly authorizes it to do.
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Origins of the Political parties
• Alexander Hamilton organized the first political parties as a way of promoting his program for the new country.
• When Thomas Jefferson broke ranks with the “federalists” individuals began to create a party in opposition to the Federalists and became known as the Jeffersonian – Democrats.
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Federalist Views • Foreign policy:• Supporting England in its war with
France during the Napoleonic Era.• Foreign relations:• Create a protective tariff that will
protect infant American industries from domination by Great Britain but at the same time be on friendly terms with Great Britain.
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Federalist Views• Immigration:• Restrict immigration because new
immigrants tended to support Jeffersonian policies over Federalists policies. The alien acts also allowed foreigners to be deported during wartime.
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Federalist Views• National Government:• Support of a strong central government
as a way to protect the economic and political interests of the new republic.
• Navy:• Create a strong Navy to protect
American manufacturing and shipping interests.
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Jeffersonian - Democratic Views
• Foreign policy:• Supporting France in its war with
England during the Napoleonic Era • Foreign Relations:• No special favors for manufactures rely
on American farmers as the key to American prosperity and are on friendly terms with France because of their help during the Revolution.
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Democratic – Republicans Views
• Immigration policy:• Welcome new immigrants because
they tended to have similar interests to Jefferson especially after the Federalist party pasted the Alien acts that raised the residency requirement to 14 years.
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Democratic – Republicans Views
• National Government: • Favor a weak central government as a way to
protect political and economic interests of the new republic.
• Navy:• Create a minimal navy that would be used to
protect the American coastline. A strong navy would not be needed because American interests would be concentrated away from the coastal areas.
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