Challenges of Nationhood: Identities, citizenship and belonging ...
The Drive To Nationhood 1854 - 1868
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Transcript of The Drive To Nationhood 1854 - 1868
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The Drive To Nationhood 1854 - 1868
a. The Province of Canadab. The Atlantic Colonies
c. The Confederation Debates
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Representation by Population
“Rep by Pop”• The number of elected members of the
Legislative assembly is based on the number of voters.
• Disagreements between French and English– Why?
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Canada West vs. Canada East“Rep by Pop”
• Canada West (Clear Grit - George Brown) was pushing for “rep by pop” because they had a larger population and therefore would have more representation in the Legislative Assembly.
• Canada East (Bleu - George-Etienne Cartier) was against “rep by pop” since they would have less power because they now had a smaller population.
• In the past Canada East had the larger population, and at that time both sides were given equal representation in the Legislative Assembly.
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Responsible Government
Canada West Canada East
Executive Council
Legislative Assembly
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Political Deadlock
• Since there was an equal number of representatives from Canada West and Canada East, the two groups often voted against one another and major legislation could not be passed.
• The Legislative Assembly disagreements resulted in “deadlock” (unable to do or pass anything)
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End of Political Deadlock
• George Brown (Clear Grit), George-Etienne Cartier (Bleu) agreed to work together John A. Macdonald (Tories)
• They put aside their personal feelings and decided to work together for the betterment of the country
This is called a:
Federal Union • (a political union in
which the members have certain powers over their own affairs, and certain powers are turned over to a central government)
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Federal Union
• Together they could form a FEDERAL UNION of the Province of Canada (Canada East and Canada West), the Atlantic Colonies (P.E.I., Nova Soctia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland) and the North-West Territories.
• The offer was accepted and the groups united to work for a federal union and coalition (a government where the political parties work together = coalition)
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Reasons for Federal Union (Confederation)
• 1. When there is a political deadlock, no laws can get passed. That was when the Great Coalition was formed.
• 2. A railway was needed to link the colonies.
• 3. Trade with the United States was ending.
• 4. There was a threat of an American expansion into British North America (see map)
• 5. Britain was changing her attitude about the British North American Colonies