Pablo Orozco-terWengel, F. Alberto, I. Streeter, M. Bruford & NextGen Consortium

August 2016

Belfast

The domestication history of sheep and goat

Domestication of Cattle Sheep Goat

Spread of domestics Into Europe Breed concept

Intensive selection

Paulus Potter (1625-1624)

Anthonie van Borssum (1630-1677

The timeline of domestication

Taberlet et al 2008, FAOSTAT, Scherf 2000

Threatened +

Extinct

Are cattle, goats and sheep endangered species……?

billion

Taberlet et al 2008, FAOSTAT, Scherf 2000

Ne Holstein (Denmark) ~ 49 (N~3.7m) Ne Jersey (USA) ~ 30 (N ~0.55m) Ne Japanese Black (Japan) ~ 17 (N~ 0.53m)

Ne ~ 627 (~N 3000)

Zhang et al. MBE 2007 LI et al 2010 Nature

Threatened +

Extinct

Are cattle, goats and sheep endangered species……?

billion

: Develop optimized methodologies for preserving farm-

Iran

Kijas et al 2012 PLoS Biology

animal biodiversity in the context of whole genome data availability

~36M SNPs Ovis ~24M SNPs Capra

Divergence between groups (FST)

Overall 0.05 Overall 0.053

Genetic variation in Wild ancestors and Domestics

Pairwise Sequentially Markovian Coalescent

Iranian mouflon and

sheep

Iranian bezoar and

goats

0,001

0,01

0,1

1

10

0 0,02 0,04 0,06 0,08 0,1Popu

latio

n si

ze (L

og10

)

Millions of years

Bayesian Skyline Plot whole mtDNA

IROO

IROA

IRCA

IRCH

Recent Demography

MSMC2 PSMC ->

-0.1

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

IROO IROA MOOA indusOA

Inbr

eedi

ngco

effic

ient

F

mouflon = IROO Iranian = IROA Moroccan = MOOA Industrial = indusOA

Genetic variation in Ovis

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

IRCA IRCH MOCH indusCH

Inbr

eedi

ngco

effic

ient

F

Bezoar = IRCA Iranian = IRCH Moroccan = MOCH Industrial = indusCH

Genetic variation in Capra

Wild vs. Domesticated

mouflon

Iran Morocco industrial

SNP1

YES

YES

NO

SNP9

YES

YES

Yes

Consistent Selection Signature: NO Yes

Consistent signatures of selection

XP-EHH

Consistent 1 % extreme

Comparison Wild Domestic

Mouflon Domestic 10927 15007

Bezoar Domestic 1245 805

Consistent signatures of selection

GO enriched in Mouflon GO enriched in Sheep

Consistent 1 % extreme

Comparison Wild Domestic

Mouflon Domestic 10927 15007

Bezoar Domestic 1245 805

Consistent signatures of selection

GO enriched in Mouflon GO enriched in Sheep

20 categories e.g. morphogenesis, hydrolyzation, and organization

15 categories e.g. differentiation, hematopoiesis and 6 GO on immunity

Work in progress….. • GO analysis on Capra

• Comparative analysis of the signatures of selection in both genera (domestication syndrome?)

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Acknowledgements

:

Pablo Orozco-terWengel, F. Alberto, I. Streeter, M. Bruford & NextGen Consortium

August 2016

Belfast

The domestication history of sheep and goat

Iran

Morocco industrial

SNP1

YES

NO

SNP9

YES

Yes

Consistent Selection Signature: NO Yes

The Adaptive landscape

Consistent signatures of selection II: Comparison Domesticats Iran vs. Rest

Consistent 1 % extreme

Comparison Wild Domestic

Wild vs Domestic Mouflon Domestic 10927 15007

Bezoar Domestic 1245 805

Iran Rest

Domestication Centre vs Rest

Iran Sheep vs Rest 23230 15940

Iran Goat vs Rest 3565 1049

The Adaptive landscape