The Domain Name System donna Bair-Mundy. Visiting the MIT Library Website .
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Transcript of The Domain Name System donna Bair-Mundy. Visiting the MIT Library Website .
![Page 1: The Domain Name System donna Bair-Mundy. Visiting the MIT Library Website .](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e235503460f94b112c2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Domain Name The Domain Name SystemSystem
donna Bair-Mundy
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Visiting the MIT Library Website
http://libraries.mit.edu
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Visiting the MIT Library Website
http://libraries.mit.edu
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Universal Resource Locator (URL)
http://libraries.mit.edu
machineprotocol
Human-readable address
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Getting the IP (numerical) address
What is numerical address of libraries.mit.edu?
Address: 18.51.0.23
Local Domain Name Server
Our Computer
Where does the local Domain Name Server
get the numerical address?
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Root
Domain Name System Hierarchy
Our Local DNS
.com .org .edu .gov .af .al ...
libraries.mit.edu?
Top-Level Domains
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Root
The DNS hierarchy
.com .org .edu .gov .af .al ...
GenericTop-Level Domains
(gTLDs)
Country-CodeTop-Level Domains
(ccTLDs)
http://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/
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Root
The DNS hierarchy
.com .org .edu .gov .af .al ...
United StatesGeneric Top-Level Domains
(also .mil)
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Root
The DNS hierarchy
Our Local DNS
.com .org .edu .gov .af .al ...
address for .edu server
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Root
The DNS hierarchy
Our Local DNS
.com .org .edu .gov .af .al ...
libraries.mit.edu?
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Root
The DNS hierarchy
Our Local DNS
.com .org .edu .gov .af .al ...
hawaii.edumit.edu ucsd.edu
stanford.edu yale.edu
address for mit.edu server
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Root
The DNS hierarchy
Our Local DNS
.com .org .edu .gov .af .al ...
hawaii.edumit.edu ucsd.edu
ucsd.edu ucsd.edu
libraries.mit.edu?
18.51.0.23
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Getting the IP (numerical) address
What is numerical address of libraries.mit.edu?
Address: 18.51.0.23
Local Domain Name Server
Our Computer
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Root
The DNS hierarchy
Our Local DNS
.com .org .edu .gov .af .al ...
hawaii.edumit.edu ucsd.edu
ucsd.edu ucsd.edu18.51.0.23
(authoritative answer)
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%Server: 128.171.3.13Address: 128.171.3.13#53
Non-authoritative answer:www.google.com canonical name = www.l.google.com.Name: www.l.google.comAddress: 74.125.53.103Name: www.l.google.comAddress: 74.125.53.104Name: www.l.google.comAddress: 74.125.53.105%
Using the nslookup command
nslookup www.google.com
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Caching DNS
Our Local DNS
Cache
www.google.com?
Non-authoritative answer:74.125.53.10374.125.53.10474.125.53.105
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Root
The DNS hierarchy
.com .org .edu .gov .af .al ...
hawaii.edumit.edu ucsd.edu
ucsd.edu ucsd.edu
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Root
The DNS hierarchy
.edu
hawaii.edu
Top-Level Domain
Second-LevelDomain
UHDNS
www.hawaii.edu?
128.171.224.100
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%Server: 128.171.3.13Address: 128.171.3.13#53
www.hawaii.edu canonical name = web00.its.hawaii.edu.Name: web00.its.hawaii.eduAddress: 128.171.224.100
%
UH IP Addresses
nslookup www.hawaii.edu
128.171.224.100 www.hawaii.edu
128.171.224.150 www2.hawaii.edu
128.171.57.17 library.manoa.hawaii.edu
128.171.10.76 www.ics.hawaii.edu
128.171.60.178 www.eng.hawaii.edu
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Root
The DNS hierarchy
.edu
hawaii.edu
Top-Level Domain
Second-LevelDomain
128.171.x.x
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The IPv4 Address
128.171.224.100
Range: 0-255(256 possibilites)
FixedforUH
256possible
nos.
256possible
nos.
256 x 256 = 66,536addresses
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UH IP Addresses
128.171.224.100 www.hawaii.edu
128.171.224.150 www2.hawaii.edu
128.171.57.17 library.manoa.hawaii.edu
128.171.10.76 www.ics.hawaii.edu
128.171.60.178 www.eng.hawaii.edu
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Root
The DNS hierarchy
.edu
hawaii.edu
128.171.x.x
ICS Dept.128.171.10.x
Coll. of Engin.128.171.60.x
Physics Dept.128.171.30.x
Subnets
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Subnet Addresses
hawaii.edu
128.171.x.x
ICS Dept.128.171.10.x
Coll. of Engin.128.171.60.x
Physics Dept.128.171.30.x
Subnets
128.171.10.x
UH ICS machine
256 possible addresses
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Root
Domain Name System Hierarchy
.com .org .edu .gov .af .al ...
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Root
Root servers
Hidden Master Root Server
Root
RootRoot
Root
Root Root
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Tower of Babel
Problem
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Standards - IETF
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Every business or institution on the Internet needs unique server names to be registered in the DNS
Problem
www.hawaii.edu
Every entityon the Internet
needs a unique address
128.171.224.100
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ICANN
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History of DNS(YouTube video)
DNS History
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ilYrY9iBhk&feature=related