The Divisions and Main Structures of the Nervous System
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Transcript of The Divisions and Main Structures of the Nervous System
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The Divisions and Main Structures of the Nervous System
Hwa Won and Samuel
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Vocabulary• Brain: main part of central nervous system made of about
100 billion neurons• Nerve: Bundle of nerve fibers that carry sensory information• Spinal cord: Thick whitish nerve tissue enclosed by
vertebrae that links brain to most nerves• Cerebellum: largest part of brain that works over the senses
and causes skeletal muscles to move and complex mental processes
• Reflex: automatic response that comes out very quickly without control of the brain.
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The Brain
• Contains about 100 billion neurons• The skull, 3 layers of connective tissue, and fluid
help protecting brain
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The Cerebellum
• Keep balance of body• Organize body and thought in coordinate way
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Brainstem
• Control body’s automatic actions (i.e. breathing/ heart beating)
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The Central Nervous System
• It is like a control center of the body• Spinal cord links the central nervous system
with the peripheral nervous system• Brain is a part of the central nervous system• The nerves in your body work like a network
of interconnected wires
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The Peripheral Nervous System
• Network of nerves other than central nervous system
• Connect nerves from central nervous system to whole body
• Impulse travel through spinal nerve in 2 directions
To/ from central nervous system
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The Peripheral Nervous System (continued)
• Somatic nervous system control voluntary actions
(i.e. using fork/ tying shoelaces)• Automatic nervous system control
involuntary actions (i.e. regulating smooth muscles)
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The Spinal Cord
• The vertebral column (backbone) surrounds it and therefore protects it
• It links the brain and the peripheral nervous system
• It is also protected by a watery fluid• It is about 45 cm long in men and about 43 cm
in women
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Reflexes
• A rapid, involuntary response to a thread• Sometimes only the spinal cord is involved (no
brain involvement)• Used for protection, i.e. a burn after you touch a
hot surface • As your muscles contract, another impulse goes
from your hand to your brain, simultaneously • This impulse makes you feel pain
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Safety and the Nervous System• Just like any other part of your body the nervous system can be
easily damaged• Concussion – an injury of the brain, when the cerebrum hits
the skull– Occurs if you hit your head very hard – Sometimes heals itself, but if not and uncured it can cause brain
damage– Wearing a helmet can prevent concussion in activities such as sports
• Spinal cord can be easily injured, too– Occurs when the vertebrae is injured– Very dangerous, it can paralyze body parts or even the whole body
Wear a Helmet!