The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested...
-
Upload
melvin-butler -
Category
Documents
-
view
216 -
download
0
Transcript of The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested...
![Page 1: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Digestive System
Functions:
1. Takes food into the body
2. Breaks down food
3. Absorbs digested materials
![Page 2: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Two types of Digestion:
Mechanical digestion: food is physically broken down into smaller pieces.
Chemical digestion: chemicals in the body break down the food molecules into smaller molecules.
Enzymes help these chemical reactions happen. Even your saliva contains enzymes and begins the process of chemical digestion in the mouth.
enzyme at work
![Page 3: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
mouth esophagus stomach small intestines large intestines rectum anus
Food’s path:
![Page 4: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Epiglottis: the flap of tissue that covers the windpipe when you swallow
![Page 5: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Esophagus: connects the mouth with the stomach.
Peristalsis: food goes down the esophagus pushed by the wave motion of involuntary muscles.
![Page 6: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Most mechanical digestion occurs in the stomach.
![Page 7: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Small intestine: most chemical digestion takes place here and most of the absorption of nutrients too.
Liver: this organ secrets bile into the small intestines which helps digest fats.
![Page 8: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Pancreas: organ that produces enzymes that help break down nutrients in the small intestines.
![Page 9: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Villi: structures in the small intestine that absorb the small nutrient molecules to be used by the body to make energy.
![Page 10: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Large intestine: here material that is not absorbed passes to the large intestine then to the rectum and finally eliminated through the anus.
Large intestine
![Page 11: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The Respiratory System
![Page 12: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
This system moves oxygen from the outside environment in to the body and removes carbon dioxide from the body
Air moves through the nose or mouth to the pharynx or throat.
![Page 13: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
From the larynx, air passes through the trachea into two large passageways called the bronchi
Air moves from the pharynx into the trachea, or windpipe
At the top of the trachea is the larynx, which contains the vocal cords.
![Page 14: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
At the very end of the bronchi you have tiny structures called alveoli. Here blood passes and the gas exchanges take place.
![Page 15: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Mouth/nose
Pharynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Alveoli
To blood
Passage of oxygen to blood
throat
windpipe
There is one for each lung
O2 and CO2
Gas exchange to blood vessel
![Page 16: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Diaphragm: muscle that allows you to inhale and exhale.
When you inhale the diaphragm move “down”
When you exhale it moves “up”
![Page 17: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
The Excretory System
![Page 18: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
This system collects waste products from your cells and removes this waste from the body. This process is called excretion.
Kidneys: two organs that filter your blood and remove wastes such as urea and excess water. The 2 million filters in the kidneys are called nephrons.
![Page 19: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
The waste and water are then sent to the 2 tubes called the ureters to your bladder. When you need to pee, the urine travels to the urethra and then out of your body.
Now your blood has been cleaned!
![Page 20: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
The Circulatory System
This system links all parts of your body through its network of blood vessels.
The system carries needed substances to cells and carries waste products away from cells.
![Page 21: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Each time your heart beats it pushes blood through the blood vessels.
When the heart muscle relaxes, it fills with blood, when it contracts, it pushes blood forward.
![Page 22: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Blood that has no O2
but a lot of CO2 enters the heart in the right atrium. Then it follows this path:
right atrium
right ventricle
lungs
left atrium
left ventricle
Your body heart pumping
![Page 23: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Arteries: Blood vessels that carries blood away from the heart
Veins: Carry blood back towards the heart.
Capillaries: Tiny blood vessels that carry blood to the cells of your body. Capillaries also join the arteries to the veins.
![Page 24: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
You have different cells in your blood that have different functions:
Red blood cells: carry O2 to all your other cells and CO2 away from them.
White blood cells: these cells fight harmful bacteria and viruses.
Platelets: form clots to injured tissues. (scabs)
![Page 25: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
The lymphatic System
This system collects all the fluids that leak out of the bloodstream and puts it slowly back in the blood. In this system you also have “lymph nodes” that can help catch harmful bacteria. Your tonsils are lymph nodes.
![Page 26: The Digestive System Functions: 1.Takes food into the body 2.Breaks down food 3.Absorbs digested materials.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070412/56649eaa5503460f94baeccf/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
The lymphatic system has no “pump” so liquids move slowly and mainly by diffusion. The lymph vessels have smooth muscle that help move the fluid along as well.