The Diamond in English 2015

153
 (  1) The Diamond In English Mr / Hatem Kamal 01002622599 Introduction Dedication  To those I owe everything after Allah, my father and mother, with all my love and appreciation.  Thanks to Allah we could achieve our second edition of our modest  work hoping it will benefit you and guide you to master the grammatical rules.  We just ask you to pray for all the people who have shared in producing this work like this.  This work has been successfully achieved only with the support of  Allah, then comes our mo dest effort. So  When you do anything, you should do your best first and ask for the support of Allah. Mr Hatem M. Kamal 

Transcript of The Diamond in English 2015

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The Diamond In English

Mr / Hatem Kamal 01002622599

Introduction

Dedication

 To those I owe everything after Allah, my father and mother, with all

my love and appreciation.

 Thanks to Allah we could achieve our second edition of our modest

 work hoping it will benefit you and guide you to master the grammatical

rules.

 We just ask you to pray for all the people who have shared in

producing this work like this.

 This work has been successfully achieved only with the support of

 Allah, then comes our modest effort.

So

 When you do anything, you should do your best first and ask for the

support of Allah.

Mr Hatem M. Kamal 

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Contents

1- Grammar :- 

41 Wish 

2 tenses 

43 

Addition conjunctions 

3Present simple 146

 Contrast conjunctions 

5 Present continuous 

2

48 Purpose conjunctions 

7 Present perfect 

3

49 Reason conjunctions 

11 Present perfect continuous 

4

50 Result conjunctions 7

 

13 Past simple 

5

51 Time conjunctions 

15 Past continuous 

6

53 # Verbs + (to+inf) / (ing form)17

 Past perfect 

7

14 # Used to + inf20

 Past perfect continuous 

8

56 # Active-Passive21

 Future forms 

9

60 # Relative clauses23

 Future continuous 

10

63 # Reported speech 

23 Future perfect 

11

66 # Question tag 

24 # Comparisons 

69 # Deduction 

28 # Necessity 

71 # Reflexive Pronouns 

31 # The definite article 

73 # Do or Make 

34 # Indefinite articles 

75 

# Countable & Uncountable nouns 

35 

# Yes or No question 

78 # Appendix 

Conjunctions 

37If  1 

2- Confusing words :- 

82# Confusing words 

3- Translation :- 

91# Translation 100# Words 

4- Prepositions :- 

139 

# Prepositions 

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Present simple یط

  س

  ل  ملضا ع

# I usually write poetry in my free time.

# Hany often plays football once a week.

-:  یتكون زمن المضارع البسیط من -:  التركیب

١-رئامضلا عم تافاضإ يأ نودب لعفلل لوألا فیرصتلا(I , we , you , they). 

٢- ةفاضإب لعفلل لوألا فیرصتلا(s) وأ(es)رئامضلا عم(he , she , it).

 -:  النفي

# Doesn’t +  مصدر = never +  فعل الجملة

# Don’t +  مصدر = never +  مصدر

- Hany never plays football.

- Hany doesn’t play football.

# Am / IS

# Are not + )جار و مجرو/ صفة(  

- Hany isn't happy.

# Never +  فعل مساعد +  فاعل +  مصدر

- Never does Hany play football. 

 -:االستفھام

# (Do / does) + + فاعل ? المصدر

- Does Ahmed play football well? 

 للمجھول  -:البنا

#  مفعول + (am / is / are) + P.P

- A project is carried out yearly.

 -:الكلمات الدالة

# scarcely# sometime# often# usually# always # occasionally# every# frequently# rarely# seldom

# at this time of the day# never# regularly# generally

# once (a/per) week / day / year

 -:االستخدامات

 عادا- .حقائ- .

-:مثال مصدرأومستقبالبعد الروابط الزمنیة بشرط أن یكون الحدث اآلخر- 

  - After I do the homework, I will sleep.

 ).عام دراسي-یوم دراسي-امتحان-أتوبیس-قطار(جدول مواعید-

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 .الصفریة و األول(If)مع حالتي-

# (Once)  كلمة دالة على الماضي البسیط

# (Once a / per week)  كلمة دالة على المضارع البسیط

- Once I met Ahmed in the street.

- I see Ahmed once a week.

===============================================

( be + used to + v+ingعادة حالیة (

# Amr is accustomed to studying hard. # Amr is used to studying hard.

# Amr is in the habit of studying hard. # It is Amr’s habit to study hard.

# Amr usually studies hard. # Studying hard is Amr’s habit.

# Amr studies hard as usual. -:  التركیب

-:نستخدم للتعبیر عن العادات الحالیة إحدى التركیبات اآلتیة

1- (Be / get) + used to + ("v+ing" / noun)

2- (Be / get) + accustomed to + ("v+ing" / noun)

3- It is SB’s habit + to + inf

" + (am / is / are) + in the habit of + "v + ingفاعل -4

5- فاعل

 + usually +بسیط

 مضارع

.6- (Noun / "v + ing") + is + SB’s habit.

# .  + (am / is / are / get) + used to + ("v+ing" / noun)فاعل  معتاد على

# Something + (am / is / are / was / were) used to + inf ستخدم فی  

for + "v+ing" ستخدم فی  

- I am used to being number one.

- An axe is used to cut wood.

 ن المضارع البسیط والمضارع المستمــبعض الفروق ب

-:ستخدم المضارع البسیط للتعبیر عن المواقف الدائمة الغیر مؤقتة مثلی#

  - My parents live in London. They have lived there all their lives.

- Shaimaa isn’t lazy. She works hard most of the time.

-:ستخدم المضارع المستمر للتعبیر عن المواقف المؤقتة مثلی#

- I’m living with my friends until I find a place of my own.

 ملحـــــــوظة

 ملحـــــــــوظة

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Present continuous  المضارع المستمر

# I’m watching TV now.

# Doaa is visiting Cairo tomorrow.

-:  یتكون زمن المضارع المستمر من -:  التركیب

# (Am / Is / Are) + "v+ing"

-:  النفي

# (Am/Is)

# Are not + "v+ing"

- Let’s go outside. It isn’t raining anymore. 

 -:االستفھام

# (Is / Am / Are) +فاعل

 + "v+ing" ? - Is your English getting better?

 للمجھول  -:البنا

#  مفعول + (am/is/are) + being + P.P

- My homework is being done now.

 -:الكلمات الدالة

# at present# still# Listen !# Look !# now

# at this moment# temporary# nowadays# currently

 -:االستخدامات

 الكال-  حدث یتم أثنا .أحداث مؤقت- .مسبقمستقبل مخطط ل- .

 -:مث مع بعض األفعالخاصة.التحدث عن التغیرات التي تحدث حولنا مؤخر- 

# rise# increase# become# change# Get

# start# begin# improve# grow# fall

- My English is getting better.

- At first I didn’t like my job, but I am beginning to enjoy it now.

١- ت ال ةرمتسملا ةنمزألا يف لاعفألا ضعب مدختس لثم:- 

# want# own# have got # have# smell# hear# See

# hate# love# like# belong # promise# know# possess

 .الزمن البسیط بدال منوفي حالة استخدام ھذه األفعال نستخدم

- I want a coffee.  (Not)  - I am wanting a coffee. 

 "القواعشرحفي نھایة(appendix)ستجد ھذه األفعال و أكثر في الملحق"

 مالحظـــــــات

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# Permanent job  مضارع بسیط  (وظیفة دائمة)

- Mohamed works as a waiter. This is his permanent job.

# Temporary job  مضارع مستمر  (وظیفة مؤقتة)

- Hassan is temporarily working as a taxi driver.

٣-یریبعتلل رمتسملا عراضملا مدختسملا لبقتسملا نعاقبسم ھل ططخ:- 

# A : what are you doing on Friday evening?

B : I am going to the theatre.

# Mohamed is marrying next Friday.  سبقاقرار مخطط لھ م

(Arrange , arrangement ) .والبد من وجود عبارة مستقبلیة  

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Present perfect  المضارع التام

# I have built a house with a big garden recently.

-:  یتكون زمن المضارع التام من -:  التركیب

# Have 

# Has P.P 

-:النفي

# Have not

# Has not P.P

- I haven't seen Ahmed for ages.

 -:االستفھام

# Have +  فاعل

# Has +فاعل

  P.P ?- Have you seen Ahmed?

 للمجھول  -:البنا

#  مفعول + (have / has) + been + P.P

- A house with a big garden has been built recently.

 -:لكلمات الدالا

# Since# Never # Ever# Yet# Just# Already

# Over# Up till now# So far# Recently# Lately# For

# Throughout 

1- Already :- سابق/ بالفعل  

 -) :بھذه السرع(تستخدم في الجملة الخبریة المثبتة و في االستفھام بمعنى-

- Esraa has already dusted the table.

- Has Ola done shopping already? She was fast!

2- Just :- تو/ حاال  

-االستفھام

 في

 و

 المثبتة

 الخبریة

 الجملة

 في

 تستخدم

:- - I have just bought a car.

- Have you just had lunch?

3- Yet :-  حتى اآلن

 -:لخبریة المنفیة و االستفھامیةتستخدم في نھایة الجملة -

- I haven't sent Wagih a letter yet.

- Have you seen Ahmed yet?

4- Ever :-  من قبل

-االستفھامیة

 الجمل

 في

 تستخدم

)الفاع

 بعد

(التفضیل

 حالة

 في

 الخبریة

 الجمل

 في

 و

:- - Have you ever ridden a horse?

- This is the most interesting book I have ever read.

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5- Never :- مطلقا/ أبدا  

 -:(Have / Has)بعبریة المنفیتستخدم في الجمل ال-

- No , I've never ridden a horse.

6- Recently / Lately :-  مؤخر

 (Latelyعند النفي یفضل( -:في نھایة الجمل الخبریة المثبتة و في االستفھایستخدم-

- We have visited our village (recently / lately).

- Have you visited your village (recently / lately)?

- We haven't visited our village lately.

7- So far :-  لغایة اآلن

 -:و االستفھام)المثبت(الجمل الخبریة المنفیة ونھایتستخدم ف-

- I haven't read all my dad's books so far.

- What have you read so far?

- I have read 5 of them so far.

8- Over = throughout على م/ اللخ  

 -:تستخدم في الجمل الخبریة و االستفھامیة-

- Egypt has changed (over / throughout) the years.

- Has Egypt changed (over / throughout) the years?

9- Since / for :- ( ever since = since )

 .م لوجود الكثیر من الفروق بینھممن أھم الكلمات الدالة على زمن المضارع الت- .التالیییتجد ھذه الفروق في الجدول

#  مضارع تام since + يضام خیرات 

#بسیط

 ماضي

  in +ماضي

 تاریخ

 #  مضارع تام since +  ماضي بسیط

#  ماضي بسیط when +  ماضي بسیط

For + +  Sinceمدة زمنیة مجملة  تاریخ یفید بدایة الحدث

# For + -: عدد من السنوات

For 7 years / a year

# For +من

 الفصوعدد

 :-For a season / 4 seasons

# For + -: عدد من الشھور

For 3 months / a month

# For + -: عدد من األیام

For a day / 3 days

# For + -: عدد من األسابیع

For a week / 5 weeks

# For + -: عدد من الساعات

For an hour / 8 hours

# Since + year :-

Since 2013

# Since + season :- 

Since Spring 

# Since + month :- 

Since June

# Since + day :-

Since Saturday

Since yesterday

# Since +  فترة زمنیة :- 

Since the morning

# Since +محددة

 ساعة

  :-Since 11 O'clock

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 -:االستخدامات

 .حدث انتھى ولھ صلة بالحاض- .بدأ في الماضي و ما زال مستمرحدث-

 حدث انتھى منذ فترة قصیر-  . ( I have bought a car.)حدث ماضي دون تحدید مدة زمنی-.

1- It (is / has been) +  مدة زمنیة + since +  ماضي بسیط

- It's a week since I saw my girl friend.

2- How long + (is it / has it been) + since + ?ماضي بسیط

- How long is it since you saw your girl friend? 

3-  فاعل + last + طیسب يضام  "تاریخ ماضي") + (مدة

- I last saw my girl friend a week ago.

4- The last time +  فاعل +  ماضي بسیط + was + / مدة ماضیة) (تاریخ

- The last time I saw my girl friend was last week.

5-  فاعل + (have / has) + never + P.P + before.

- I've never driven a train before.

6- This is the first time +  فاعل + " have / has " + ever + P.P

- This is the first time I have ever driven a train.

7- (It / This) + is the +علیا

 تفضیل

 صفة

  +فاعل

  + (have / has) + ever + P.P- This is the highest mountain I have ever seen.

8-  فاعل + (have / has) + never + P.P +  اسم as +  صفة + as this.

. + than thisصفة شكل مقارن

- I've never seen a mountain (as high as this / higher than this).

١-نعملا يف قرفلا ظحالیلاتلا لمجلا يف:- 

- Esraa is on holiday. She has gone to Italy.  # Have gone toذھب إلى مكان ما ولم یع

- Doaa is back in Egypt now. She has been to Italy. عا

 و

 ما

 مكان

 إلى

 ذھب

 # Have been to

- Sara has been in Europe for ages. # Have been inموجود في مكان م

For + +  Sinceمدة زمنیة مجملة  تاریخ یفید بدایة الحدث

# For the last +  مدة زمنیة

- for the last week.# Since last ( week,day,year etc.. )

# For some time  # Since thenلبعض الوقت  منذ ذلك الحین

# For all (sb's) life# Since +اسم

 # For ages# Since + )ماضي بسی(جملة كاملة  

# For a fortnight أسبوعیلمدة  # Since lunch time

# For a long time# Since the age of + …………. 

# For a (moment / while) # Since the last +  اسم

- since the last visit. 

 تركیبات ھامة

 مالحظات

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# have / has + p.p  (مضارع تام) this (morning / week / year)

- I have read a nice book this morning.

- I have read a nice book this morning. It's 11 AM now.

#  ماضي بسیط this (morning / week / year)

- I read a nice book this morning. It's 3 PM now.

 -:إذا كانت الفترة الزمنیة التي تم فیھا الحد-

 .لم تنتھي بعد نستخدم المضارع التا-

 .قد انتھت نستخدم الماضي البسی-

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Present perfect continuous  المضارع التام المستمر

# I have been studying English for 11 years.

-:  یتكون زمن المضارع التام المستمر من -:  التركیب

# Has

# Have been + "v+ing" 

-:  النفي

# Has not

# Have not been + "v+ing" 

 -:االستفھام

# Has +  فاعل

# Have +فاعل

  been + "v+ing" ?- How long have you been studying English?

 للمجھول  -:البنا

#  مفعول + (Have / Has) + been + P.P

- English has been studied for 7 years. 

 .ال یوجد للمضارع التام المستمر صیغة مجھول خاصة بھ لذلك نستخدم صیغة مجھول المضارع التام البسی -:الحظ

 -:الكلمات الدالة

# All +زمنیة

 فترة

 # For# Since# How long# For ……… now

-:االستخدامات

 ""since , forستخدم معھاو .بدأ و ما زال مستمرحدث- 

.حدث انتھى وما زال أثره موجود-

  - Ali’s clothes are dirty. He has been painting his room.

١

-المستمر

 التام

 والمضارع

 البسیط

 التام

 المضارع

 بین

 االستخدام

 في

 الفروق

 الحظ

:- 

١-ةیتآلا تالاحلا يف طیسبلا ماتلا عراضملا مدختسن:- 

.لجملة عدد یفید مرات تكرار الحدإذا كان ب#

- I have run 6 k.m.

. فعل ال یوضع في األزمنة المستمرإذا كان ا#

)بالصفحات األخیرة من شرح القواع"الملح"ستجد ھذه األفعال في قائمة األفعال في(

 -:)نتیجة الحد(ما تم المضارع التام البسیط یركز عل# 

- مثل

 كلمات

 معھ

 نستخدم

 تجدنا

 لذلك

(how much & how many & how many times)عن

 تعبر

 والتي

 -:مثال نتیجة الحد

- How much of that book have you read?

 مالحظــــــات

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٢-ةیتآلا تالاحلا يف رمتسملا ماتلا عراضملا مدختسن:- 

 .إذا كان الحدث مستمر#

 -:مثل عل یستغرق وقتا طویال في الحدوإذا كان ال#

# do # rain# read# live# teach# learn# Work

- I have been working at this school for 10 years.

#المست

 التام

 تمالمضارع

 بما

 یھتم

 وال

 یحدث

 الذي

 النشاط

 على

 یركز

 ر

)الحد

 نتیجة

(.  -:مثال (how long)لذلك تجدنا نستخدم معھ كلمات مثل-

- How long have you been reading that book?

٢- 

ام المستمر في زمن الماضي البسیطوھي كلمة دالة على المضارع التام البسیط والمضارع ال(for)تستخدم#

 الحدث تماما   -:مثال لإلشارة إلي انتھا

- I worked as a waiter for 4 years. Now I am a sales manager.

3- 

#  مضارع تام since +  تاریخ ماضي

- Saad has left school since 2010. 

#  ماضي بسیط in +  تاریخ ماضي

- Saad left school in 2010. 

#  مضارع تام since +  ماضي بسیط

- Rasha has made great efforts since she was at school.#  ماضي بسیط when +  ماضي بسیط

- Rasha made great efforts when she was at school.

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Past simple اضي البسیط ـ ـ ـ ـ مـلا 

# Walaa killed her mother-in-low last month and was sent to prison.

# Wael left school 2 months ago. # Ahmed didn’t help me yesterday.

# Did Dai fast "یصو"  the other day? # Ahmed used not to sleep at noon.

التركیب

 -:یتكون زمن الماضي البسیط من -:

١-ةفاضإب لعفلل يناثلا فیرصتلا(ed)وأ(d)لصألا لعفلا ردصم يلإ.

٢-اشلا لعفلل يناثلا فیرصتلا   )حفظ كما ھی( .

-:النفي

# Didn’t +  مصدر

- I didn't see a play yesterday. 

# Was# Were not + )جار و مجرو/ صفة(  

- Ahmed wasn't happy yesterday.

 -:االستفھام

# Did +فاعل

  +مصدر

 ?

- Did you have dinner last night? 

 للمجھول  -:البنا

#  مفعول + (was / were) + P.P

- The car was repaired by Amir. 

الدالة

 الكلمات

:- 

# past# previous # last# yesterday# ago

# in +  # the other day# in the past # just now# onceتاریخ ماضي

# from + ةیضام ةدم  + to +  مدة ماضیة

االستخدامات

:- 

-الماض

 في

 مكتمل

 حدث

. -ماضی

 عادات

  .(used to) -:مثال حدث تكرر في الماض-

  - When I was at school, I went to the library every week.

1-

# When + did + + فاعل inf ? = How long ago + did + + فاعل inf ?

- When did you buy this car? - 2 days ago.

- How long ago did you buy this car? - 2 days ago.

 مالحظات

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2- 

# (Once)البسیط

 الماضي

 على

 دالة

 كلمة

 

# (Once a / per week)البسیط

 المضارع

 على

 دالة

 كلمة

 

- Once I met Ahmed in the street.

- I see Ahmed once a week.

=======================================

ماضیة

  ""used toعادة

# Amr used to study hard.

# Amr was in the habit of studying hard.

# Studying hard was Amr’s habit.

# Amr stopped studying hard.

# It was Amr’s habit to study hard.

# Amr got into the habit of studying hard.

# Amr no longer studies hard.

تركیبات

:- اآلتیة

 التركیبات

 إحدى

 الماضیة

 العادات

 عن

 للتعبیر

 نستخدم

:- 

1- used to + inf 

2- It was SB’s habit to + inf 

 + (was / were) + in the habit of + (v + ing)فاعل -3

 + got into the habit of + (v + ing)فاعل -4

+  + no longerفاعل -5  .مضارع بسیط

6- (Noun / v + ing) + (was / were) + SB’s habit.

-:النفي

 # Didn’t use to + inf 

- Ahmed didn't use to sleep at noon.

# Used not to + inf 

- Ahmed used not to sleep at noon.

االستفھام

:- 

# Did +  فاعل + use to + inf ?

- Did Ahmed use to sleep at noon?

 -:للتعبیر عن(used to)نستخدم #

 كانت موجودة و حقیقیة لكنھا لم تعد كذلك- -:أشیا

  - This building is now a furniture shop. it used to be a cinema.

 .العادات الماضیة كما سبق شرحھ-

 ملحوظة

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Past continuous  الماضي المستمر

# Fawzia was washing the dishes at 8 last night.

# While I was walking home, I met my sister.

-:من

 المستمر

 الماضي

 زمن

 یتكون

  -:التركیب

 # (Was / were) + "v+ing"

-:النفي

 

# Was

# Were not + "v+ing"

- Ahmed wasn't doing his homework when I came.

 -:االستفھام

# (Was / were) +  فاعل + "v+ing" ?

- Were you doing your homework when I came?

 للمجھول  -:البنا

#  مفعول + (was / were) + being + P.P

- The homework was being done when I came.

الدالة

 الكلمات

:- 

# while # as # just as # All +  تاریخ ماضي

# )ساعة(مدة زمنیة  +  تاریخ ماضي

- I was playing football all day yesterday.

 -:االستخدامات

.الماضي لفترة زمنیة محددتمر فيحدث ا-

 .)ماضي بسی(الماضي قطعھ حدث آخرحدث استمر في- 

# While

# Just as  ماضي مستمر ماضي بسی )حدث استمر في الماضي وقطعھ حدث آخ(  

# Asمستمماضي

  )واح

 وقت

 في

 یحدثان

 حدثان

(  

- While I was eating, Shaimaa was studying. )حدثان یحدثان في وقت واحا(  

1- while + "v + ing"  ماضي بسیط  اسم مطلقا) "while" (ال یأتي بعد

- While eating, Shaimaa was studying.

كلمة

 أن

 الحظ

(while)مطلقا

 اسم

 بعدھا

 یأتي

 ال

2- When +بسیط

 ماضي

 مستمر

 ماضي

 

- When the teacher came, Ahmed was doing his homework.

ھامة

 تركیبات

 

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3- During + (" / "v + ingاسم)  ماضي بسیط

- During lunch, Doaa came.

4- On + "v + ing"مستمر

 ماضي

 

- On coming, they were eating. 

+ (On+ "v+ing") = (Whenماضي بسی(الحظ أن

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Past perfect  الماضي التام

# I had mended my car.

-:  یتكون زمن الماضي التام من -:  التركیب

# Had + P.P-:  النفي

# Had not + P.P

- I hadn't mended my car. 

االستفھام

:- 

# Had +فاعل

 + P.P ?

- Had you mended your car?

 للمجھول  -:البنا

#مفعول

 + Had been + P.P

- My car had been mended. 

 -:الكلمات الدالة

# than# no sooner# as soon as# until# before# after

-:االستخدامات

١-لبق يضاملا يف مت ثدحيف رخآ ثدح متی نأیسبلا يضاملا.

 

# After I had mended my car, I went for a drive. 

# Before I went for a drive, I had mended my car. 

# When I had mended my car, I went for a drive. 

# I didn’t go for a drive until I had mended my car.

# Having mended my car, I went for a drive.

# No sooner had I mended my car than I went for a drive.

# Hardly had I mended my car when I went for a drive.

# It wasn’t until I had mended my car that I went for a drive.

# On mending my car, I went for a drive.

1-

# After

#As soon asتام

 ماضي

 بسیط

 ماضي

 

٢

ماضي تام بسیماضي

 من األمثلة السابقتركیبات مھمة 

أمثلة

 

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2-

# Before

# By the time  ماضي بسیط  ماضي تام

3-

 ماضي تام  ماضي بسیط

# When

 ماضي بسیط  ماضي تام

4-until

#  ماضي بسیط منفي  ماضي تام

till

5-

# Having + P.P  (الحدث األول)  ماضي بسیط

6-

"v+ing"

# On  (الحدث األول)  ماضي بسیط

 اس م

7-

# It wasn’t until +ماضي تام

 + that +ماضي بسیط

 

#It was only when +ماضي تام

 + that +ماضي بسیط

 

8-# No sooner + Had +  فاعل + P.P + than +  ماضي بسیط

- No sooner had I eaten than my dad wanted me to type some letters.

9-

# Hardly

# Scarcely Had +  فاعل + P.P + when +  ماضي بسیط

- Hardly had I eaten when my dad wanted me to type some letters.

10-

#  فاعل + had + no sooner + P.P + than +  ماضي بسیط

- I had No sooner eaten than my dad wanted me to type some letters.

11-

hardly 

#  فاعل + had scarcely P.P + when +  ماضي بسیط

- I had hardly eaten when my dad wanted me to type some letters.

1-

#الزمنیة

 الروابط

  + (بسیط

 مضارع

  /تام

 مضارع

 )بسیط

 مستقبل

 

 مصدر

- Before I go for a walk, I will finish the homework.

- I won’t be happy until you tell me all about the story.

2-

# After + ( v+ing / ( اسم / مصدر / مستقبل بسیط  ماضي بسیط

# Before + ( v+ing /  ( اسم / مصدر / مستقبل بسیط  ماضي تام

- After playing football, I watched TV. - After playing football, I will watch TV.

 مالحظ ات

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Past perfect continuous  الماضي التام المستمر

# I had been playing football for half an hour when my dad came.

# Adel’s hands were dirty, he had been painng for 2 hours.

-:  یتكون زمن الماضي التام المستمر من -:  التركیب

# Had + been + "v+ing"

-:  النفي

# Had not + been + "v+ing"

 -:االستفھام

# Had + ? " + been + "v+ingفاعل

- Had you been waiting here when Omar arrived? 

الدالة

 الكلمات

:- 

# all +  # before# when # for# sinceفترة ماضیة

 -:االستخدامات

قبحدث استمر في الماضي-

.أن یتم حدث آخر في الماضي البسی

 - I had been playing football for half an hour when my dad came.

.دث انتھى وكان لھ أثر على الماض-

  - Adel’s hands were dirty, he had been painng for 2 hours.

.في الماضي قبل حدث آخغرقھا حدالفترة الزمنیة التي اساإلشارة إل-

  - I had been painting for half an hour when my sister arrived.

 -:بالجملة عدد یفید مرات تكرار الحدث نستخدم الماضي التام البسیطرإذا ذك#

- I had done the homework twice when my dad came.

٢

تام

 مستمماضي بسیماضي

 ملحوظة

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Future forms  تكوینات المستقبل

1- Will +  المصدر

# I will be 17 years tomorrow.)العم( حقیقة مستقبلیة

# Sara will travel abroad one day. فردي

 تنبؤ

# I will buy some salt now. قرار فور

# I will buy you a bicycle. This is a promise.وع

# I will help you with this equation.عرض

# Will you lend me your car?طلب

# Lookout or you will have an accident.تھدی/تحذیر

 

2- (Am / Is / Are) + going to +  المصدر

# I am going to start a project of my own.قرار مسب/تخطیط/نیة  

# Ayman is going to win the race. He is practicing hard. تنبؤ بدلیل

# I am going to be a professor. طموحات مستقبلیة

# Lookout! You are going to fall off the donkey. حدث على وشك الحدوث

(plan to + inf / plan for + "v+ing" / intend / decide) -:مع وجود عبارات مثل#

3- Present continuous

# A : what are you doing on Friday evening?B : I am going to the theatre.

# Mohamed is marrying next Friday.

 سبقاخطط لھ مقرار م

(arrange / arrangement / prepare / take steps)  -:والبد من وجود عبارة مستقبلی#

4- Present simple

-:ستخدم زمن المضارع البسیط للتعبیر عن المستقبل في جداول المواعید مثلی-

(The plane / The train / The bus / The ship / The exam / School day / Cinema / The class /The shop / Museum / Theatre)

- The final match starts at six this evening.

 حداث المستقبلیلتعبیر عن امقارنة بین المضارع البسیط والمستمر عند استخدامھما ل

 المضارع المستمر المضارع البسیط

# What time are you arriving? # What time does the train arrive?

# I am going to the cinema this evening? # The film begins at 8:15. (this evening)

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 -:عندما نجد في الجملة حد األفعال التالیة(will + inf)نستخدم#

# Think

# Believe

# Expect

# Predict will +مصدر

 # Be sure

# Probable

# Possible

# Hope

- I think Sara will pass the exam.

- I'm sure Ahmed will come.

- It's probable that Ahmed will come.

و

 إذا

 لكن

 نستخدمو

 دلیل

 جد

(Going to). 

- I think Sara is going to pass the exam. she is studying hard.

- I think Sara is going to be sick. she has a high temperature.

1- (go / come / leave) :-

 ال

 مع

 السابقة

 األفعال

 ستخدم

(going to)ت

 لكن

 و

 نیة

 عن

 تعبر

 الجملة

 كانت

 لو

 المستمحتى

 المضارع

 مع

 ستخدم

- I'm coming tomorrow.

٢- بسم طیطخت ةجیتن متتس يتلا ثادحألا وأ تارارقلا نع ریبعتلل رمتسملا عراضملا مدختسن.

  - Mohamed is marrying next Friday. 

 -:وفي ھذه الحالة

 -:بدال من المضارع المستمر و ت عبر عن نفس المعن (going to + inf)نستطیع استخدام-

- Mohamed is going to marry next Friday. 

 .لكن المضارع المستمر ھو األفضل في االستخدام للتعبیر عن المستقبل مع األحداث ذات التخطیط المسبق

-:للتعبیر عن األحداث المخطط لھا(will + inf )ال نستطیع استخدام -

  - Mohamed is getting married next Friday. not  (will get) 

 الدنیا كي یسعد فیھا و یعمر میزنا هللا بأن لنا عقال یتدب(((  )))و یھیم بأرجا

 مالحظات

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Future continuous  المستقبل المستمر

# I will be studying from 9 to 12 this evening.

-:  یتكون زمن المستقبل المستمر من -:  التركیب

# Will + Be + (v+ing) 

 -:الكلمات الدالة

# From + +  + toمدة مستقبلیة مدة مستقبلی # All +  مدة زمنیة مستقبلة

# At this time +  مدة مستقبلة

 -:االستخدامات

 .ث یستمر لفترة محددة في المستقبح-

 الحظ الفرق بین المستقبل البسیط و المستمر من خالل الجمل اآلتیة

# Don't phone between 7 and 8 we will be having dinner. 

# Let's wait for Amir to arrive and then we will have dinner.

 الحظ لفرق بین لمستقبل لمستمر و ألزمنة لمستمرة ألخرى

# At 10 o'clock yesterday, Doaa was in her clinic, She was working.

# It's 10 o'clock now, Doaa is in her clinic, She is working.

# At 10 o'clock tomorrow, Doaa will be in her clinic, she will be working.

=========================================================

Future perfect  المستقبل التام

# I will have finished my exams by July.

-:  یتكون زمن المستقبل التام من -:  التركیب

# Will + have + P.P 

 -:الكلمات الدالة

# in +مدة

 + time# before# by

 للمجھوال  -:بنا

#  + will + have + been + P.Pمفعول

- My exams will have been finished by july.

-:االستخدامات

 .مدة من الكالم علیھ في المستقبحدث سیكتمل وقوعھ قب- 

 الحظ لفرق بین لمستقبل لت م و ألزمنة لت مة ألخرى

# Amir and Amira have been married for 24 years.

# Next year they will have been married for 25 years.

# When their son was born, they had been married for 3 years.

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Comparisons ارناالمق

# Waad is richer than Dai, but Sara is the richest.

 نوع الصفة

 نوع المقارنة

 صفة قصیرة

Short Adj.

 صفة طویلة

Long Adj.

1- Comparative

 اثنیمقارنة بین

 )صفة + er) + than

- Taller than

More +  + thanالصفة

Less +   + thanالصفة

- More interesting than 

2- Superlative

و مجموعمقارنة بین  

The + )صفة   + est)

- The longest

The most +  الصفة

The least +  الصفة

- The most interesting

3- Ahmed is as tall as Sayed.

 -:عند تساوي طرفین في صفة واحدة نستخدم

# As + / حال)  (صفة + as

- The apple is as heavy as the orange.

- An apple grows as slowly as an orange does.

 :- asنفى بوت

# not (حال

 /صفة

)  + as

so

- He is not so / as intelligent as his sister is.

 الصفة (Comparative)  مقارنة (Superlative)  تفضیل

good Better than The best

bad Worse than The worst

little Less +  اسم غیر معدود The least +  اسم

many More +  اسم معدود The most +  اسم

much More +  اسم معدود The most +  اسم

Far )بعی( Farther than )مسافة فق( The farthest

Far )بعی(   Further than )مسافة و زم( The furthest

old Older than )أشخا( The oldest

old Elder )عائل

 أفراد

(    (than)تبع بال ت

The eldest

 الصفات الشاذة

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٤-ةیتآلا تابیكرتلا ىدحإ مدختسن ةنراقملا يفرط نیب ةفصلا يواست دنع:- 

2-

# The same + ةفصلا نم مسالا + as + / ضمیر) (اسم

- Eslam is the same weight as Mohamed. 

1-

# as +  صفة + as

- Eslam is as tall as Mohamed.

3-

# The same + (الصفة

 من

 االسم

) "في نھایة الجملة إذا كان طرفي المقارنة في بدایتھ"  

- Eslam and Mohamed are the same size. 

 صفة م س ا ة ف ص

Big size Wide width

Tall height Many number

High height Much quantityLong length Heavy weight

Deep depth Far distance

Expensive price Strong strength

Old age Fast speed

5- Amr has much more money than Said.

 -:لتحدید مدى الفارق والتفاوت في الصفة بین طرفي المقارنة نستخدم الكلمات اآلتیة قبل صفات الشكل المقارن

# far = "a lot"# a lot# much

# slightly = "a little" # a bit# a little

# A little  صفة) + er)

(More +  (صفة  بقلیل

# A bit  (صفة شاذة)

- Amir is a little richer than Ahmed.

# Much  صفة) + er)

(More +  (صفة  بكثیر

# A lot  (صفة شاذة)

- Sameh is much taller than Ahmed.

6- Esraa is the cleverer of two friends.

 للتحدید في غیاب(The)من الممكن أن تسبق  .كما في المثال الساب(Than)صفة الشكل المقارن

 صفة) + er)

# The (more/less + (صفة of two +  جمع

 (صفة شاذة)

- I am the older of two brothers. 

 منھا  بعض الصفات و االسما

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7- The harder you study, The higher marks you get.

 صفة) + er)  صفة) + er)

# The (more/less +  (صفة + فاعل +  , The (more/lessفعل  (صفة + فاعل  فعل

 (صفة شاذة) (صفة شاذة)

- The more you work, The better salary you get.

١- مدختسن/ best)(mostنعمب ةفصلا لبق)much(very. 

# most / best = very much = greatly

- This book is most interesting. I enjoyed it very much.

- Of all my friends I like Ashour best.

٢

- نستخدم

(older) وجود

 عدم

 في

 حتى

(Than) المقارن

 شكل

 یوجد

 طالما

. - I am the older of two brothers.

٣- ملك(further)قفسیلو(farther) اھانعم نوكی دق(more)وأ(additional):- 

- Tell me if you hear any further news.

4- less + / اسم) ) + than = not (as / so) ………. Asصفة

- I spent less money than you.  = - I didn’t spend as much money as you. 

- It was less crowded than usual.  = - It wasn’t so crowded as usual.

٥-ادختسا عیطتسن(any)أ(no)نراقملا لكشلا ةفص عم:- 

# no bigger # any longer

- This hotel is better than the other one, and it is no more expensive.

- I have waited long enough. I am not waiting any longer. (a little)

- I have waited long enough. I am not waiting even a little longer.

6- as +صفة

 + as / so +صفة

 + as :-

 -:عند تساوي الصفات بین الطرفین-

# as +  + asصفة )ثبتة و المنفیة و االستفھامیتستخدم في الجمل الم(  

# so +  + asصفة )تستخدم في الجمل المنفی(  

- Eslam is as big as Mohamed. - Eslam isn’t as big as Mohamed. 

- Is Eslam as big as Mohamed? - Eslam isn’t so big as Mohamed. 

 -:ضاعفات للصفاتعند وجود م-

# twice as +صفة

 + as # Three times as +صفة

 + as …..etc. 

- Petrol is twice as expensive as it was a few years ago.

- Their house is about three times as big as ours.

 مالحظ ات

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7 - than me = than I am. etc . 

- You are taller than me. = - you are taller than I am. 

- He isn’t as clever as her.  = - He isn’t as clever as she is.

٨-ةیتآلا تابیكرتلا ظحال:- 

#فاعل

 + have + never + p.p + such (a/an) +صفة

 +اسم

 - I have never bought such a cheap shirt.

# +  + have + never + p.pفاعل +  + asاسم +  + asصفة / ضمیر)  (اسم

- I have never bought a shirt as cheap as this.

 + erصفة

# +  + have + never + p.pفاعل  اسم more +  صفة than + / ضمیر) (اسم

- I have never bought a shirt cheaper than this.

 + estصفة

# (This / It) + is + the most +  صفة + اسم  + (have / has) + ever + p.pفاعل

- This is the cheapest shirt I have ever bought.

٩- یلعلا لیضفتلا ةفص عم رجلا فورح ضعب مدختسن(superlative):- 

-:مثل (superlative)مع األماكن بعد(in)نستخدم حرف الج#

  - What is the longest river in the world?

- I am the best in my class.

 -:مثل (superlative)مع المؤسسات و جماعات الناس بعد(in)نستخدم حرف الج#

- Who is the youngest student in the class?

 -:مثل (superlative)بعدمع الفترات الزمنی(of)حرف الجر#

- What was the happiest day of your life?

- Yesterday was the hottest day of the year.

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Necessity , lack of necessity , prohibition

الحظ عدم وجود الضرورة الضرورة  

 )الضرورة(المجموعة األولى

# It’s necessary for Ali to pay this tax. 

# Ali must / has to pay this tax.

# It was necessary for Sara to sleep early last night.

# Sara had to sleep early.

# Sara will have to sleep early.

# Sara will be to sleep early.

)عدم وجود الضرورة(المجموعة الثانیة

# It isn’t necessary to come yourself.

# You needn’t come yourself.

# You don’t have to come yourself.

# It wasn’t necessary to do the homework twice.

# You didn’t have to do the homework twice.# You needn’t have done the homework twice.

# You won’t have to do the homework twice.

)الحظر(المجموعة الثالثة

# Don’t throw rubbish away here.

# You mustn’t throw rubbish away here.

# You aren’t allowed to throw rubbish away here.

# It’s banned / prohibited to throw rubbish away here.

# It’s necessary not to throw rubbish away here.

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Lack of necessity  Necessityعدم وجود الضرورة  Tenseالضرورة

# Needn’t + inf 

# Don’t have to + inf 

# Don’t need to + inf # Haven’t got to + inf 

# am/is/are not to + inf

# Must + inf 

# Have to + inf 

# Need to + inf # Have got to + inf 

# am / is / are to + inf 

مضارع

 

# Didn’t have to + inf 

# Didn’t need to + inf 

# Hadn’t got to + inf 

# was/were not to + inf 

# Needn’t have + p.p 

# Had to + inf 

# Needed to + inf 

# Had got to + inf 

# was / were to + inf

 ماضي

# Won’t have to +inf

 # Won’t be to + inf # Will have to +

inf 

# Will be to + inf بقتسم

 

 في الصفحة السابقة و  طبق التركیبات السابقة علیھراجع األمثلة

Interrogation  Tenseالسؤال عن الضرورة

- Must Sara sleep early?

- Do Sara have to sleep early?

- Do Sara need to sleep early?

- Has Sara got to sleep early?- Is Sara to sleep early?

# Must + + فاعل inf ?

# Do + +  + have toفاعل inf ?

# Do + +  + need toفاعل inf ?

# Have / Has +فاعل

 + got to + inf

?# am / is / are + +  + toفاعل inf ? 

 مضارع

- Did Sara have to sleep early?

- Did Sara need to sleep early?

- Had Sara got to sleep early?

- Was Sara to sleep early?

# Did + +  + have toفاعل inf ?

# Did + +  + need toفاعل inf ?

# Had + +  + got toفاعل inf ?

# was / were + ?  + to + infفاعل

 ماضي

- Will Sara have to sleep early?

- Will Sara be to sleep early? 

# Will + +  + have toفاعل inf ?

# Will + +  + be toفاعل inf ?  مستقب

Necessity Lack of necessity prohibition

Necessary Not necessary  Necessary not

Oblige  Un necessary Oblige not

Force Optional Not allowed

Obligatory It’s up to you Against the law

Have no choice If you don’t like illegal

CompulsoryNeedless Banned / forbidden

Have a choice Prohibited

 التركیب ات

 كلمات تدل على الضرورة أو عدم وجودھا أو الحظر

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١- ت المدختس(mustn’t)اھنم الدب مدختسی و يضاملا يف:- 

# Shouldn’t have + P.P

- You shouldn't have done this.

٢

- بین

 الفرق

 الحظ

:- 

# Not necessary = Don’t have to + inf 

- It isn't necessary to come yourself. = - You don't have to come yourself.

# Necessary not = Must not + inf 

- It is necessary not to come. = - You must not come.

٣-نیب قرفلا ظحال:- 

# Must "أنك تشعر بضرورة ذلك من داخل"أي   عبر عن إلزام داخلت  

- I must go to bed earlier.

# Have to )قاعد/ قانون(   عبر عن إلزام خارجت  

- I have to send a report to Head Office every week. 

 -:النصیحة#

# Shouldn’t + inf 

- You shouldn't drink and drive. 

# Should + inf 

- He should see a doctor.# Oughtn’t to + inf 

- You oughtn't to neglect your lessons. 

# Ought to + inf 

- You ought to go to the doctor. 

# Had better not + inf 

- You'd better not say anything. 

# Had better + inf 

- You'd better tell her everything. 

 -:اللوم#

# Should have + p.p = Why didn’t  كان یجب أن

- I should have let her know what was happening but I forgot. 

# Shouldn’t have + p.p = Why did  ما كان یجب أن

- I shouldn't have shouted at you. I apologise.

مالحظ ات

بعض التركیب ات 

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The Definite article

((The)) 

تستخدم

(THE) قب

:- 

١-حاو   .اسم ال یوجد منھ إال شي

# the sun # the earth # the moon

- Have you ever crossed the equator?

- Cairo is the capital of Egypt. 

٢-یناثلا ةرملل ركذی مسا. - I watched a film. The film was interesting. 

٣-یلعلا لیضفتلا تافص عم. - The Nile is the longest river in the world. 

٤-ةفرعملا   -:بعض األسما

-   البحار -أسما The Red Sea

-   المحیطات -أسما The Atlantic ocean

- األنھار

 أسما

- The Nile-   الصحراوات -أسما The Saharah Desert

 الجبال -  جم(أسما (- The Alps

 البحیرات -  جم(أسما (- The Great Lacks

 الجزر -  جم(أسما (- The Bahamas island

٥-سدقملا بتكلا  # .أسما The Quran # The Bible )اإلنجی(

٦- افاشتكالا و تاعارتخالا  # .أسما The mobile # The radio # The femto second

٧-ةقوبسملا ةیقیسوملا تالآلا  أسما

   .(play / listen / teach)بأفعال مثل# play the guitar # play the violin )الكما(

٨

-االتجاھا

 أسما

. # The north of # The south of٩-ویلا تارتفو ةینمزلا تارتفلا. # The morning # The future # The afternoon

١٠-عمجلا نع ربعت يتلا عونلا تافص

 .وتتبع بفعل جمع

# The innocent # The poor = the poor people

- The poor are always helped by rich people. 

١١-ونلا وأ ةلیصفلا نع ربعی درفم مسا. - The horse is a fast animal. 

١٢-سجلا  # .أجزا The heart # The brain

١٣-امسأب ةعوبتم ریغلا باقلألا. # The king # The president

 إذا اتبع اللقب باسم مباشر (the)و تحذف .- president Alsisi. 

١٤-دحا اھمسا نمضتی يتلا لودلا  أسما

 -:الكلمات اآلتیة 

# kingdom # Emirate # state

# union

# The  A . R . E Arab Republic of Egypt.

# The  U . S . A United States of America. 

١٥-ةرایزلل اھروزن يتلا نكامألا  أسما

 الغرض من إنشائھا  .فقط و لیس ألدا

- I went to the school to see my son.

 -: (the)و إذا كنا نذھب للغرض الذي أنشئت من أجلھ ال نستخدم

- My uncle was sent to prison last year.

- My son goes to school every day. 

١٦

- مثل

 كلمات

:- 

# The market # The office # The shop

# The cinema # The opera # The theatre# The only # The first # The last

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 -:(THE)ال تسبق

١-تاراقلاو لودلاو صاخشألا  أسما

 .والمدن والشوارع و الشھور و األیام

 األشخاص نستخدم (the)لكن مع أسما -:أحیانا للتحدث عن أسرة الشخص

# The Mohameds = Mohamed’s family 

٢

- األنشط

 و

 األلعاب

 أسما

. # Football # swimming # Hockey

٣-اغللاو ةیساردلا داوملا   .أسما

# English # physics

- Do you speak English?

 -:ولكننا نقول

# The English class lasts an hour.

٤-رجم يونعم مسا. 

# love # death # beauty

# jealousy

- Death is a fact.

 -:نقولولكن إذا عرف

- The death of my grandfather. 

٥- ادأل  األماكن التي نزورھا  أسما

 .الغرض منھا

# school # prison # hospital

- Students go to school. 

٦-اع ھجوب ركذی عمج مسا. - Doctors should be merciful. 

٧-امسأب ةعوبتملا باقلألا. # king Hatem # Queen Shaimaa # Princess Doaa

٨-ابجولا   .أسما

# lunch # dinner # breakfast

 -:نقولولكن إذا عرفت و حددت

- The lunch we had.

- The supper we had. 

٩-نسلا لوصف. 

# summer # winter

 -: (the)كن عندما ننسبھا إلى سنة تسبق بول

- The spring of 1996. 

١٠-ریغلا   المواد الخام و األسما أسما

 .معدودة

# money # advice # experience

# wood # gold

 -:قولولكن إذا حدد ن

-The woods. )الغاب

(  

- a gold ring.

-The money I found.-Thank you for the advice you gave me.

١١-اھاجتالا نم ةقتشملا تافصلا. # northern # southern

- Alex lies northern Egypt. 

١٢-قرب عوبتملا مسالا. 

# room 126 )٢٦الغرفة(  

# plaorm 5 )رصیف(   # gate 15

# page 9 

- our train leaves from plaorm 7.

- ( in a shop ) Have you got these shoes in size 43?  

١٣

- كلمة

(man) إنسا

 بمعنى

. - Man is sociable by nature.

١٤-و تاریحبلاو لابجلادرفملا رزجلا. # Everest mountain  # Lake Nassir # Malta

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١-مدختسن)(Theطقف دحاو  -:قبل االسم الذي یوجد منھ شي

# The sun # The sky # The moon

 .الخارجالفضا عندما نقصد(The)ال نستخدم ( space )ولكن مع كلمة

كلمة

 معنى

 بین

 قارن

 و

 األمثلة

 الحظ

)space( منھ

 كل

 في

:- 

- There are millions of stars in space.

- I tried to park my car, but the space was too small.

٢-وقن امئاد(The radio)لوقن اننكلو(television)ودب(The):-

 )قار(

- I watch television a lot. - I listen to the radio a lot.

- We watched the news on television. - We heard the news on the radio.

# the television = the television set  جھاز التلفاز

- Can you turn off the television, please?

٣- 

- I usually watch TV in the evening. بدون  # TV (the)للمشاھد

- I bought the TV advertised on the internet. # a / the TVجھاز التلیفزیو

- Last night I went to bed late.  # Go to bed = sleepینا

- I mended the bed myself. # a / the bedالسریر

- Life is enjoyable. ( # Lifeعامة( الحیاة

- The old lead a quiet life. # a lifeأسلوب حیا/نمط

- I read about the life of Sadat. # the lifeحیاة شخ

# By sea بحر

# By the sea = near the sea بالقرب من البحر

# At sea = on the sea = sailing في البحر

# Go to work = go to the office یذھب للعمل

 )))كثیر من الناس قد تغیر مجرى حیاتھم كلمة(((

الحظات

 

م

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Indefinite articles

(A / An) +مفرد

 اسم

 - a +  بحرف ساكن  اسم مبدو

a book - a man - a class - a university - a unit - a union

- an +متحرك

 بحرف

 مبدو

 اسم

 

an idiot - an arm - an orange - an eye - an honest - an hour - an honor

ستخدم

 

 -:قبل(a / an)ت

١-یصخت نود ماع لكشب ركذ 

فرد ی 

 .اسم م- I saw a man.

- I have a car.

٢

-مفر

 اسم

 تسبق

 صفة

. # a clever boy- Doaa is a good girl. 

٣-ئاظولا   .أسما# a doctor # a teacher

- Amir is an accountant. 

٤-املكلا ضعب. # a few # a lot # a little

# a pair # a couple # a dose 

٥-ئزجتلا تاملك. 

- a jar of jam.

- a packet of biscuits.

- a tube of tooth paste.- a piece

- a bit of information / advice / news.

- an item

- a bar of chocolate.

 -:(a / an)ال تسبق

١-مج مسا. # Books # Men # Boys- Reading books is very important.

٢-ودعم ریغ مسا. # Money # Advice

- She doesn't earn very much money.

٣-ابجولا   .أسما# Lunch # Breakfast

 -:ولكن نستخدم أداة النكرة مع الوجبات في حالة وجود صفة مثل

- a big lunch

٤-رجم يونعم مسا. # Love # Death # Beauty

- Death is a fact. 

٥-ةملك(man)اسنإ ىنعمب. - Man is sociable by nature.

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Yes / No Questions

1- Do you usually walk in the morning? (Are)(Is)

- Are you used to walking in the morning?

- Are you in the habit of walking in the morning?

- Is it your habit to walk in the morning?2- Can you climb this tree? (Are)(Do)

- Are you able to climb this tree?

- Are you capable of climbing this tree?

- Do you have the ability to climb this tree?

3- Will Amr probably travel abroad? (Is)

- Is it probable for Amr to travel abroad?

4- Can you swim? - Yes I can. (Are)(Do)

- Are you able to swim? - Yes I'm.- Do you have the ability to swim? - Yes I do.

5- Could you tell me the time? (Have)

- Have you got the time?

6- Did Rami send you a letter a week ago? (Is)(Has)(Have)(Did)(were)

- Is it a week since Rami sent you a letter?

- Has a letter been sent to you for a week?

- Has Rami sent you a letter for a week?

- Have you been sent a letter for a week?- Did Rami send you a letter a week ago?

- Were you sent a letter a week ago by Rami?

7- Do you have a car? - Yes I do / yes I have a car. (Have)

- Have you got a car? - Yes I have.

- Have you a car? - Yes I have a car.

8- Have you arranged for your visit to London next Saturday? (Are)

- Are you visiting London next Saturday?

9- Should you do this by yourself? (Are)(Had)(Is)(Ought)- Are you supposed to do this by yourself?

- Had you better do this by yourself?

- Is it a good idea for you to do this by yourself?

- Ought you to do this by yourself?

10- Are you going to work for yourself? (Do)(planned)

- Do you intend to work for yourself?

- Have you planned/decided to work for yourself?

11- Salem is tall, isn't he? (is he ?)- Salem isn't short , is he?

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12- Rami made a fatal mistake, didn't he? (wasn't it ?)

- A fatal mistake was made by Rami, wasn't it?

13- Nothing wrong happened, did it? (didn't it ?)

- Everything correct happened, didn't it?

14- Do you like football? (Are)

- Are you keen on football?

15- Is this believable? (Do)(is)

- Do you believe this?

- Is this believed in?

16- Is this car yours? (Does)(Do)(Have)

- Does this car belong to you?

- Do you have this car?

- Have you got this car?

17- Are you interested in music? (Do)(keen)

- Do you have an interest in music?

- Are you keen on music?

18- Do you play chess well? (Is)(Are)

- Is chess well played by you?

- Are you a good chess player?

19- Is it necessary to leave now? (have to)(Must)

- Do you have to leave now?

- Must you leave now?

20- Do you really have a car? (Is)

- Is it a fact that you have a car?

21- Do you refuse to help me? (helping)

- Do you object to helping me?

 -:األفعال المساعدة المستخدمة في ھذا النوع من األسئلة متنوعة و ترتبط بزمن الجملة#

TenseAuxiliary verb 

  Do / Doesمضارع بسیط

  Didماضي بسیط

  Have / Has + P.Pمضارع تام

  Had + P.Pماضي تام

  Am / Is / Are + ingمضارع مستمر

  Was / Were + ingماضي مستمر

   Will / Can + infمستقبل بسیط

) .في نفس الزم(و یكون السؤال و اإلجابة علیھ بنفس الفعل المساعد

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" " ifحاالت

- If  you boil water, it turns into steam.  حالة صفریة

- If  you have time, help me, please.  حالة أولى

- If  Ahmed had money, he would buy a car.  حالة ثانیة

- If  I had studied hard, I would have passed.ثالثة

 حالة

 

١-ةلاح دیدحت(if) :- 

١-نع ثدحتی ناك اذإ ةیرفصلا ةلاحلا:- حقائ-  . 

 .قوانین طبیع-

٢-ناك اذإ ىلوألا ةلاحلا:- . الزمن مستقبل بسی- 

 .(probable / possible)في الجملة-

٣

-كان

 إذا

 الثانیة

 الحالة

:- .الزمن مضارع بسی- 

 .الجملة تعبر عن حدث غیر محتم-

٤

-بسی

 ماضي

 الزمن

 كان

 إذا

 الثالثة

 الحالة

 الحال فعل الشر جواب الشر االستخدام

If  

 الصفری مضارع بسی مضارع بسی حقائق وقوانین طبیعة

 أحداث محتملة مستقبلیة

Will + inf "یسب عراضم" 

 أو

 "مضارع تا"

أو

 

 "مستممضارع"

 األولى

Can +inf )قدر(  

(May/might) + inf )حتما(

Must + inf )رور(

Should + inf )نصیح

(Inf )بدون فاع(

It’s + +  + toصفة inf 

 أحداث غیر محتملة اآلن

 "افترا"

Would + inf 

 الثانی ماضي بسیط Could + inf 

Might + inf 

 أحداث ماضیة

Would have + p.p 

 الثالث ماضي تام Could have + p.p 

Might have + p.p 

 أمثلة

 خطوات (If)ربط جملتین ب

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٢-طرشلا لعف ةلمج دیدحت:-

 -:تأتھي الجملة السببیة األولى أ-

 .:- (due to / because / since / as)بعد الروابط السببیة#

 .:- (so / therefore / that’s why)قبل الروابط النتیجیة#

# He was late for school because he missed the bus. (if)

- If he didn't miss the bus, he wouldn't have been late for school.

٣-ةلاحلا يف:-

.یظل اإلثبات و النفي كما ھ-:ىاألو-

ثب-:یةالثا- نفى و المنفي   .المثبت 

ثب-:ثةالثا- نفى و المنفي   .المثبت 

١-ىلوألا ةلاحلا:- 

# If

# As long as

# Provided ( that )

# Providing that  you read a lot, you will be cultured.

# In the event that

# On condition that

٢- تالاحلا لك:- 

1-

# Unless +  جملة مثبتة = if +  جملة منفیة # unless = except if

- Unless you read a lot, you won’t be cultured. "إذا ل"  

2-

# In case of + ( / v+ingاسم)  جملة جواب الشرط

# In the event of + (اسم

 / v+ing)الشرط

 جواب

 جملة

 - In case of reading a lot, you will be cultured. "ل/إذا"

- In the event of reading a lot, you will be cultured. "ل/إذا"  

3-

# Without + ( / v+ingاسم)  جملة جواب الشرط

# But for + ( / v+ingاسم)  جملة جواب الشرط

- Without reading a lot, you won’t be cultured. "لو ل/بدون"  

- But for reading a lot, you won’t be cultured. "لو ل/بدون"  

و استخداماتھا تبعا للحال (if)بدائل

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٣-ةیناث و ىلوأ ةلاح:- 

will +  مصدر  حالة أولى

# Should +  فاعل +  مصدر

would +  مصدر  حالة ثانیة

- Should Hend have time, she will visit her village.

- Should Hend have time, she would visit her village.

٤-ةیناث ةلاح:- 

# Were +  فاعل + to +  مصدر would +  المصدر

- were Hend to Have time, she would visit her village.

 -:آلتفنستخدمھا كما في التركی(was / were)إذا كان فعل الجملة األساسي#

 صفة

# Were +فاعل

 ضمیر

 /ظرف

  would +مصدر

  وظیفة

# If Ahmed was a teacher, he would have an answer. (were)

- Were Ahmed a teacher, he would have an answer.

٥-ةثلاث و ةیناث ةلاح:- 

# Had +  فاعل +  (اسم ملكیة) would +  مصدر  "حالة ثانیة"

- Had Hend time, She would visit her village. 

# Had +فاعل

  + P.P would have + P.P "ثالثة

 حالة

"- Had Hend had time, she would have visited her village.

١- نیب ىنعملا يف قرفلا ظحال(in case)(If) / :- 

- I will take an umbrella if  it rains.  إذا

= (Only if there's rain, I'll take an umbrella; otherwise, I won't.) 

- I will take an umbrella in case it rains. لتحسبا/لربما  

= (Whether or not there's rain, I'll take an umbrella.)

2- in case :-

#  الجملة األولى + in case +  الجملة الثانیة

 مضارع بسیط  مضارع بسیط

 مستقبل بسیط  ماضي بسیط

 ماضي بسیط

Should +  مصدر

- I will stay at home tonight in case Sameh visits me.

الحظات

 

م

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3- )دائما في الوس(

# Must +  مصدر otherwise will +  مصدر

# Don't +  مصدر or won't +  مصدر

# Necessary to +  مصدر or else   "حالة أولى فقط"

- You must work hard or you won't get high marks.  وإال

- You must work hard otherwise you won't get high marks.  وإال

4- If it :-

were not for +  اسم would +  مصدر ( ( حالة ثانیة

# If it

hadn't been for +  اسم would have + p.p  (  ( حالة ثالثة

- If it weren't for water, nothing could live.

- Were it not for water, nothing could live.- If it hadn't been for your help, I would have failed the exam.

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Wish = "if only"

  # I wish to have a car one day.# I wish I could have a car one day.

# I wish I had a car now.# I wish he would get better soon.

# I wish I had had a car when I was in Alexandria. 

 )حتملةستقبلیة مأمنیة م( -:الحالة األولى#

# Wish could + inf

# If only  باقي الضمائر would + inf

- I wish I could have a car one day.

- Ali wishes his brother would be a doctor one day.

 -:مث إذا وجدت كلمات دالة على المستقب(wish)نستخدم الحالة األولى من-

# Later# Tomorrow# One day# In the future# Soon

# In + +  + time# Inمدة +  # Nextمدة مستقبلیة   # The followingمدة زمنیة

# (If)  حالة أولى = (Wish) (حالة أولى)  المستقبلیة

 )حققةأمنیة حالیة غیر م( -:الحالة الثانیة#

# Wish / If only  ماضي بسیط (افتراض)

- I wish I had a car now.

- I don't have a villa. I wish I had a villa.

 -:مثإذا وجدت كلمات دالة على المضارع البسی(wish)نستخدم الحالة الثانیة من-

# Now

 " )ند"ستحیلةأمنیة ماضیة م( -:الحالة الثالثة#

# Wish / If only  ماضي تام (ندم)

- I wish I had had a car when I was in Alexandria.

- I wish I had worked hard last year.

I We

 باقي الضمائر

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١- يتأت ال(will) دعب(wish). 

2- If only = wish  (كل الحاالت)

٣-يتأت نأ نكمملا نم(if only)و(wish)لمج ةروص ىلع(If):- 

- If only I had had money, I would have bought a digital camera.

- I wish I had had money last week, I would have bought a digital camera. 

٤-ةیتآلا لمجلا يف ىنعملا ىواستی:- 

# Regret

# Sorry  منفیة

#  الجملة األصلیة

 والعكس

# If only

# Wish

# Should  مثبتة

# Supposed

- I wish I had worked hard last year. (Wish)

- I should have worked hard last year. (Should)

- I didn't work hard last year. )الجملة األصلی(

- I regret not working hard last year. (regret)

- I'm sorry for not working hard last year. (sorry)

 نستخدم(wish)إذا كان الفاعل بع-  -:(would)و لیس(could)في الحالة األولى ھو نفس الفاعل قبلھا

- Ali wishes his brother would be a doctor one day.

- Ali wishes he could be a doctor one day.

6- could

# can't + inf wish would inf

# I can't speak French. I wish I could do that.

)))المطالكفالمرأیدبینوالعل(((

 

 مالحظ ات

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Addition conjunctions   الروابط اإلضافیة

# Both Ali and I are good at English. 

# Not only Ali but also I am good at English.

# Ali as well as I is good at English.

# Ali is good at English and so am I.

1- (Both ….. and ….. ) ....... .... و  كال من

1

1- both +  فاعل أول + and +  فاعل ثاني ....... .... و  كال من

- Both Ahmed and Wagih are good at English.  الفعل دائما جمع

2- both +  مفعول أول + and +  مفعول ثاني ....... .... و  كال من

- I met both Medo and Alaa yesterday.3- both +  فعل أول + and +  فعل ثاني ....... .... و  كال من

- My brother both did the homework and played football.

2- " Not only …….. but also …….. " .... .... بل أیضا  لیس فقط

2

-:في بدایة الجملة-

 1- Not only +  فاعل أول + but also +  فاعل ثاني .... .... بل أیضا  لیس فقط

- Not only I but also Esraa is good at English.  الفعل حسب الفاعل الثاني

2- Not only +  فعل مساعد +  فاعل + ١ لعف  + But also + ٢ لعف 

- Not only did Soha clean the house but also went shopping.

- Not only did Soha clean the house but she also went shopping.

- Not only did Soha clean the house but she went shopping as well.

- As well as cleaning the house, she went shopping.

 -:في وسط الجملة-

1- Not only +أول

 مفعول

  + but also +ثاني

 مفعول

  ....أیضا

 بل

 ...فقط

 لیس

 - I met not only Medo but also Alaa yesterday.

2- Not only +  فعل أول + but also +  فعل ثاني .... ... بل أیضا  لیس فقط

- My brother not only did the homework but also played football.

3-أول

 فاعل

  + as well as +ثاني

 فاعل

 عل ى

 عالوة

 

3- I as well as Ali have a lot of money.  الفعل حسب الفاعل األول

 تربط فاعلین فقط

 التركیبات

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 اس م

4-  جملة كاملة مثبتة + and so +  فعل مساعد  فاعل +  و كذلك

- Ali is good at English and so am I.  تربط فاعلین فقط  ضمیر

 اس م

5-منفیة

 كاملة

 جملة

  + and neither +مساعد

 فعل

  +فاعل

  (للنفي

)وكذلك

 

- I don't like football and neither does Ola.  تربط فاعلین فقط  ضمیر

6-

# As well as

# In addition to (v + ing / (اسم  جملة كاملة / باإلضافة إلى) (عالوة على

# Besides

- In addition to having a flat in Cairo, Saber has a villa in Alex.- As well as having a flat in Cairo, Saber has a villa in Alex.

7-

# Other than

# Apart from (v + ing / (اسم  جملة كاملة / غیر) (بخالف

- I have 5 sisters other than 2 brothers. 

8-  جملة أولى + (in addition / moreover) +  جملة ثانیة

- Ali has a flat in Cairo in addition he owns a villa in Alex.

- Ali has a flat in Cairo moreover he owns a villa in Alex.

9- ( Neither…….. nor …….. ) .......... ......... وال  ال

9

 -:في بدایة الجملة-

1- Neither +  فاعل أول + nor +  فاعل ثاني (الفعل بعدھا حسب الفاعل الثاني)

- Neither Amir nor his brother plays football.

2- Neither +  فعل مساعد +  فاعل + ١ لعف  + nor +  فعل مساعد + + فاعل ٢ لعف 

- Neither did Saad do shopping, nor did he clean the house.

- Neither did Saad do shopping, nor cleaned the house.

 -:في وسط الجملة-

1- Neither +  فعل أول + nor +  فعل ثاني

- I neither visited Badr nor phoned him.

2- Neither +أول

 مفعول

  + nor +ثاني

 مفعول

 

- I phoned neither Samir nor Salwa.

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1- Ali is good at English. I'm good at English too. (and so)

- Ali is good at English and so am I.

2- I don't like football. Ola doesn't like football either. (and neither)

- I don't like football and neither does Ola.

3- ( either…….. or …….. ) .........  أما........ أو

 -:في بدایة الجملة-

1- Either +  فاعل أول + or +  فاعل ثاني (الفعل بعدھا حسب الفاعل الثاني)

- Either Ali or his brothers have sent you an invitation card.

 -:في وسط الجملة-

1- either +  فعل أول + or +  فعل ثاني

- Tonight, I will either visit my uncle or go to the cinema.

2- either +  مفعول أول + or +  مفعول ثاني

- I will either play football or volleyball.

 مالحظات

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الجملة الثانیة

Contrast conjunctions  الروابط التناقضی

# Ali made a mistake, but he wasn’t punished. 

# Although Ali made a mistake, he wasn’t punished.

# Despite making a mistake, Ali wasn’t punished.# However mistaken Ali was, he wasn’t punished.

# Mistaken as Ali was, he wasn’t punished.

# Whatever a mistake Ali made, he wasn’t punished.

# Ali made a mistake despite that, he wasn’t punished.

# Despite the fact that Ali made a mistake, he wasn’t punished.

# In spite of the fact that Ali made a mistake, he wasn’t punished.

But )ولك(  

Despite that

1-  الجملة األولى How ever  الجملة الثانیة

Yet

- Ali is clever but he can't answer an easy question.

2-# Although

# Though

# Even though  الجملة األولى  الجملة الثانیة

# Even if

- Although Ali is clever, he can't answer an easy question.

3-

# Despite# In spite of / For all (v+ing )

# Regardless of  (بغض النظر عن)  اسم

# Not with standing

- Despite Ali's cleverness, he can't answer an easy question.

 صفة "verb to Be" 

4- Howeverفاعل

  +فعل

 الثانیة

 الجملة

  ح ال  "فعل م صرف"

- However clever Ali is, he can't answer an easy question.

 التركیبات

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5-

#  صفة

#  حال as +  فاعل +  فعل  الجملة الثانیة

- Clever as Ali is, he can't answer an easy question.

6- Whatever + + اسم  فاعل +  فعل  الجملة الثانیة

- Whatever cleverness Ali has, he can't answer an easy question.

 -:كما في المثال التالي)مھم(بمعناھا(whatever)قد ت تي#

# Whatever +  فاعل +  فعل +  جملة ثانیة

- Whatever you say, I don't believe you.

7-األولى

 الجملة

  + despite that +الثانیة

 الجملة

 - Ali made a mistake despite that, he wasn’t punished. 

8- Despite the fact that +  الجملة األولى +  الجملة الثانیة

- Despite the fact that Ali made a mistake, he wasn’t punished. 

 (because)و(although)مقارنة بین معنى

# We went out although it was raining.

# We didn’t go out because it was raining.

(because of)و(in spite of)مقارنة بین معنى

# We went out in spite of the rain.

# We didn’t go out because of  the rain.

(Despite / in spite of)و(Although)مقارنة بین معنى

# Although the traffic was bad, we arrived on time.# In spite of / despite the bad traffic, we arrived on time.

1- Despite = in spite of

# Despite making a mistake, Ali wasn’t punished.

# In spite of  making a mistake, Ali wasn’t punished.

٢- (Even though)ضقانتلا طبارلل ىرخأ ةغیص يھ(Although)ىنعملا يف ھنم ىوقأ اھنكل:- 

# Even though I was really tired, I couldn’t sleep.

 مالحظات

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Purpose conjunctions لرو ط لغرضیة

# I went to the beach to enjoy myself. 

# I went to the beach so that I could enjoy myself.

# Dai studied hard in order not to fail the exam.

# Dai studied hard lest she should fail the exam.

# Dai studied hard for fear of failing the exam.

# Dai studied hard because she didn’t want to fail the exam.

1- to  

#كاملة

 جملة

  in order toمصدر

 

so as to

- I read a lot to increase my knowledge.

- I read a lot in order to increase my knowledge.

2- so that  

#  جملة كاملة with the aim that  فاعل can +  المصدر

in the hope that could +المصدر

 in order that

- I read a lot so that I can increase my knowledge.

3- lest  

#  جملة كاملة  فاعل shall +  المصدر

for fear that should +  المصدر

- Hani got up early for fear that he should miss the bus.

4-

#  جملة كاملة + for fear of + ("v+ing" /  (اسم

- Hani got up early for fear of  missing the bus.

5-

#  جملة كاملة + with the aim of + ("v+ing" /  (اسم

- Hani got up early with the aim of  not missing the bus.

 التركیبات

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١-مادختسا نكمی(because)يلاتلا بیكرتلا يف امك ةیضرغلا طباورلا ناكم:- 

# because + +  + want toفاعل  مصدر

- Dai studied hard because she didn’t want to fail the exam.

٢

-الروابط

 مع

(to / in order to / so as to)استخدام

 من

 البد

 قبلھا

 الفاعل

 عن

 بعدھا

 الجملة

 فاعل

 اختلف

 إذا

 للمجھولصیغة الب  -:نا

- Tamer cleans the garden in order to be given money.

==============================================

Reason conjunctions لرو ط لس یة

# I missed the exam because I was absent. 

# I missed the exam because of   being absent.

my absence.

1- as

#  جملة نتیجة because  فاعل +  فعل (جملة السبب)

since

- Ahmed lost his money as he was negligent )مھم( .

- Ahmed lost his money because he was negligent )مھم

( .

2-

# Being + (" / " اسم وظیفة  (صفة  جملة النتیجة

- Being careless, I lost my money.

- Being your doctor, I advise you to stop smoking.

3-

# Because of

# Due to# Thanks to

# Owing to " v+ing "

# Through

# On account of

# For  اسم

# As a result of

- The match was cancelled due to the bad weather.

- The match was cancelled due to the weather being bad.

- The match was cancelled because of  the bad weather.

 مالحظات

 التركیبات

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Result conjunctions لرو ط لنتیجیة

# Doaa lost her bag so she was angry.

So  لذل  

Therefore

That’s why

#  جملة السبب Consequently  جملة النتیجة

Accordingly

As a result

For this reason

Thus

- Amir made a mistake so he was punished.

1- + , جملة السبب +  + thereforeفاعل  فعل

- Doaa lost her bag, she therefore was angry.

2- Too + / حال)  (صفة + to +  مصدر (ت فید النفي)  لدرجة أن ال  جد

- The exam was too difficult to pass.

3- So + / حال)  (صفة + that +  جملة النتیجة (ت فید النفي)  لدرجة أن ال  جد

- The exam was so difficult that I didn’t pass it .

4- Such ( a / an ) +اسم

 /صفة

 + that +النتیجة

 جملة

  (النفي

 تفید

)ال

 أن

 لدرجة

 جدا

 

- It was such a difficult exam that I didn’t pass it.

5- / حال)  (صفة + enough + (to / not to) +  مصدر

- The exam was difficult enough not to pass it.

 التركیبات

 حاالت خاصة

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Time conjunctions لرو ط لزمنیة

# Shaimaa cooked the meal. then, she watched TV. 

# After Shaimaa had cooked the meal, She watched TV. 

# Before Shaimaa watched TV, She had cooked the meal.# When Shaimaa had cooked the meal, She watched TV.

# Having cooked the meal, Shaimaa watched TV.

#On cooking the meal, Shaimaa watched TV.

# Shaimaa didn’t watch TV until/till she had cooked the meal.

# Hardly had Shaimaa cooked the meal when she watched TV.

# No sooner had Shaimaa cooked the meal than she watched TV.

# It wasn’t until/it was only when Shaimaa had cooked the meal that she watched TV.

#  الجملة األولى then  الجملة الثانیة

 ).الماضي التا(راجلباقي التركیبات#

1-

#  مستقبل  مضارع بسیط

#  مصدر  الروابط الزمنیة  مضارع تام

- I won't sell my old car until I have bought a

new one.

2-

 ماضي تام

#  + becauseماضي بسیط

 ماضي مستمر- I didn't met my uncle because he had left early.

- I didn't hear the doorbell because I was listening

to music.

3-

V+ing

# After (بدون فاعل)  اسم / مصدر / ماضي بسیط  مستقبل بسیط

- After playing football I'll go home.

V+ing

# Before (بدون فاعل)  اسم / مصدر / ماضي تام  مستقبل بسیط

- Before watching TV, Shaimaa had cooked the meal. 

الحظام

 

 التركیبات

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4-

# When

# As soon as  ماضي بسیط  ماضي بسیط

# Before

# After .إذا لم یوجد فاصل زمني بین الحدثی#

- When I saw the lion, I was frightened.

- As soon as I heard the news, I cheered up. "تھج"  

- After I knew Omar had made an accident, I visited him.

5-

# (حدث ثاني)  ماضي بسیط منفي before + (v+ing)  (حدث أول)

- Hany didn't hand the exam before revising it 3 mes.

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Verbs + (to + (المصد

 -: ( to + inf )أفعال تتبع ب

یعتزم

/ینو

 intendیقدر

"مادی

"affordیتعلم

learnیواف

agree

longیشتاق إلىیسم

allow

manageتمكن منیظھ

appear

یقصد

meanیرت

arrange

ھمی

neglectیحاو

attempt

یقدم

offerیختا

choose

یطلب

orderیدع/یزعم

claim

یخطط

planیجر

dareیتظاھر

pretendیقر

decide

یعد

promiseیطل

demand

یرفض

refuseیستح

deserve

یبدو

seem enableیمك

علم

teachیشج

encourage

یمیل

tendیتوق

expect

یھدد

threatenینس

forget

یحاول

tryیكر

hate

یفضل

would likeیترد

hesitate

یرید

wantیأم

hope

- Fawzia agreed to give me her mobile.

- Shaimaa wants to be a doctor.

- I decided to go home as soon as possible.

 -) :مفعو( + to + infأفعال تتبع ب

یطلب

orderینص

adviseیقنع

persuadeیسم

allow

ذكر

remindیتسب

cause

علم

teachیشج

encourage

یخبر

tellیجب

force

حذر

warnیدع

invite

- She asked him to send her a text message.

- I advise you to sleep early.

))الصبر مفتاح الفرج((

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 -:فرق في المعنىوجودمع)مفعو+( v+ingأو)مفعو+ )infأفعال تتبع ب#

# see

# hear  مفعول + ("v+ing"  من الحدث ) / ((inf)جز  (الحدث كامال

# watch

- I saw Amr play football. كل الحدشاھد   = I saw him from the beginning till the end.

- I saw Amr playing football.  من الحدث  شاھدت جزء = I attended part of the match.

Verbs + "v + ing"

 -: ( v + ing )أفعال تتبع ب

یقاوم

 ال

can’t helpیعتر

admit

can't standال یطیقیتجن

avoid

یأتي

comebe + used toیعتاد عل

lead toیؤدي إلىcontribute toیساھم ف

delayیؤج/یؤخرlook forward toیتطلع إلى

یمانع

mindینك

deny

یؤجل

postponeیكر

dislike

یؤجل

put offenjoyیتمتع ب

على

 یثني

recommendیتخیل

/یتصو

fancyfeel likeیرغب فregretیأسف على

riskیخاطرینتھ

finish

یقضي

spendیذھ

go

یتوقف

stopیتخی

imagine

یقترح

suggestیبر

 justify

# (take up / spend / waste) +  فترة زمنیة + "v+ing"

- He suggested playing tennis.- We delayed launching the product because of technical problems.

- I can't help playing football. - I can't stand waiting. 

#ب 

 تتبع

 أفعال

( v + ing ) / ( to + inf ) :- 

ب -  -:مع عدم وجود فرق في المعنى( v + ing ) / ( to + inf )أفعال تتبع 

# start (to + inf)

# begin

# continue v+ing

to do

- He continued doing the homework.

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ب -  -:مع فرق طفیف في المعنى( v + ing ) / ( to + inf )أفعال تتبع 

# prefer

# like (to + inf)

# hate (المعنى

 في

 طفیف

 فرق

)

# love v+ing

- I prefer to eat rice. )مناسبفي/موقف محددفي(

- I prefer eating rice. )بوجھ عا(  

ب -  -:مع فرق كامل في المعنى( v + ing ) / ( to + inf )أفعال تتبع 

# Regret

# Stop (to + inf)

# Remember (فرق كامل في المعنى)

# Forget v+ing# Try

1- regret :- (یندم

- I regret to lend Ali my car. ")قبل الحد"الشعور بالندم على ما سیحدث(  

- I regret lending Ali my car. ")بعد الحد"الشعور بالندم على ما حدث(  

2- Remember :- (یتذكر

- I remember to phone Rami. ")قبل حدوث الحد"یتذكر لـیفعل(  

- I remember phoning Rami. )فعل

 أنھ

 یتذكر

"الحد

 حدوث

 بعد

("  

3- Forget :- (ینسى

)

- I forgot to buy a present for my wife. ")الحدث لم یت"نسي أن یشتري(  

- I forgot buying a present for my wife. ")الحدث تم ونس"اشترى لكنھ نسي ذلك(  

4- Stop :- (یتوقف

)

- I stopped to eat. ")بدأ حد"بدأ یأكل (  

- I stopped eating. ")یتوقف عن الحد"انتھى من األكل (  

5- Try :- (یحاول

)

- I tried to climb the mountain. )بذل مجھود في محاولة لكن لم یصل لنتیج(  

- I tried climbing the mountain. )بذل مجھود ووصل إلى نتیج(  

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Active - Passive

# The room is cleaned every day by my mother.

# The room was cleaned yesterday by my mother. 

# The room is being cleaned at the moment.

# The room looks nice. It has been cleaned. # The room should be cleaned now. 

#المجھ ول

 صیغة

:- 

#  مفعول + ( to be ) + P.P

 مضارع بسیط ي بسیط ض ا م ع ر ا ض م /متسم ي ض ا م ع ر ا ض م /ات يضام أفعال ناقص/مستقبل بسیط 

Amwas

being been beIs

wereAre

 -:األمثلة:أوال

# Put in the passive form :- 1- Dr/ Shaimaa made us hate meat.

- We were made to hate meat by Dr/ Shaimaa. 

2- People believe that Taha lost his hearing at a young age.

- It’s believed that Taha lost his hearing at a young age.

- Taha is believed to have lost his hearing at a young age.

3- I hate people laughing at me.

-  I hate being laughed at. 

4- Salah used to help us do homework.

- We used to be helped do homework by Salah.

5- Don’t break these laws.

- These laws mustn’t be broken.

- Don’t let these laws be broken.

6- Are you going to lend me your book?

- Is your book going to be lent to me? 

7- Fawzy let me use his mobile.- I was let use Fawzy’s mobile.

- I was allowed to use Fawzy’s mobile.

 أمثلة وتركیبات

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8- Ramy lets his friends exploit him.

- Ramy lets himself be exploited.

9- We need to demolish (یھدم

)  this house.

- This house needs to be demolished.

- This house needs demolishing.

10- You can do the sums without anyone helping you.

- The sums can be done without anyone helping you.

- You can do the sums without being helped.

ثانیا

:مثال

 كل

 من

 التركیبات

:- 

 المبني للمعلو المبني للمجھول

1-

made

# +  + (to be) watched toمفعول  المصدر

heard 

seen 

# make

# see  مفعول +  مصدر

# hear# watch 

مثال

 راجع

)( 

 المبني للمعلو المبني للمجھول

2-

# It + (to be) + P.P )من الفعل األو(  + that +  جملة

فاعل #   + (to be) + P.P )من الفعل األو(  + to  مصدر

have + P.P

be + v+ing

فاعل #  + +  + thatفعل + فاعل  فعل

)(راجع مثال

 (to)بعد)""be + v+ingأو ""have + P.Pأو "المصد"(متى نستخدم# 

 المصدر  مستقبل بسی/ مضارع بسیإذا كان الزمن

have + P.P إذا كان الزمنبسی

 ماضي

 

تا

 مضارع

 /تا

 ماضي

be + (v+ing) إذا كان الزمنمستم

 مضارع

 /مستم

 ماضي

# People believe that Taha lost his hearing at a young age.

- Taha is believed to have lost his hearing at a young age.

# He says that Ahmed is moving today.

- Ahmed is said to be moving today.

 المبني للمعلو المبني للمجھول

3-فاعل #   +  فعل + being + P.P 

#فاعل

 +فعل

 ++  + (v+ing)فاعل آخر

  مفعو

 

-المثال

 في

 كما

 واحد

 األول

 الفاعل

 و

 األخیر

 المفعول

.  - I hate people laughing at me. 

)(راجع مثال

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 المبني للمعلو المبني للمجھول4-

# + مفعول  فعل + to + be + P.P# + فاعل  فعل + to +  مصدر +  مفعول

)(راجع مثال

للمجھول

 المبني

 للمعلو

 المبني

 5- #  مفعول + (must / mustn’t) + be + P.P 

# (don’t) let +  + P.Pمفعول+ don’t)/(مصدر) صیغة األمر أو النھي #  (مصدر

)(راجع مثال

 المبني للمجھول

6-be

#  فعل مساعد +  مفعول being P.P 

been   مجھول السؤال

)(راجع مثال

 المبني للمعلو المبني للمجھول7-

# +  + be + letفاعل  + مصدر # مفعول +  + letفاعل  فاعل +  مصدر +  مفعول

)(راجع مثال

 المبني للمعلو للمجھوالمبني 8-

#فاعل

 + let + )ضمیر منعك(   + be + P.P #فاعل

 + let +فاعل

 +مصدر

 +مفع

  "واح

 والمفعول

 الفاعل

"  

)(راجع مثال

 المبني للمعلو المبني للمجھول

9- (v+ing)

#  مفعول + need to be + P.P #  فاعل + need to + + المصدر  مفعول

1-

# I believe what has been said.

- What has been said is believed.

2-

# My brother did the homework for me.  

- The homework was done for me.

- I (had/got) the homework done. 

3-

#  فاعل + ( "to have" / get ) +  + P.Pمفعول  للمجھول)  (من صور البنا (إسناد الفعل للغیر)

- I (had / got) the homework done.

# My brother did the exercises for me.

- I had the exercises done.

 مالحظات

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Relative clauses  جمل الوصل

Who  فاعل  ال ی مكن حذف الضمیر

1- People that  مفعول  ی مكن حذفھ

Whom  مفعول فقط  ی مكن حذفھ

- Ehab who beat the thief is a strong man. "who "ی

 حذفال

 مكن

 

- The thief whom Ehab beat is very weak.

- Is that the student who you told me about? "who مكن حذفی"  

Which  فاعل  ال ی حذف

2- Things That  مفعول  یمكن حذفھ

- This is the shirt which I bought for my brother. مكن حذفی  

- I killed the dog which bit my son.ی

 حذفال

 مكن

 فاعألنھ

 محل

 حل

 - This is the house which he rented to me. مكن حذفی  

3- Possession :-

# Whose. ( his / her / their / its / ’s )  تحل محل صفات الملكیة

#  االسم الموصوف + whose +  مملوك) (شي  اسم ملكیة

(the / a / an)  ال یسبق ب

- Have you met The man whose house was robbed and burnt?

4- Place :-

# Where +  جملة كاملة / الذي فیھ  حیث

- I went to the village where I was born.

 .ضاف حرف الجر المناسللداللة على المكان وی(where)مح(which)تح#

- I went to the village which I was born in.

- I went to the village in which I was born.

5- Time :-

# When +  جملة كاملة  حین

- Sunday is the day when Mohammed married Sara.

#تح

(which)مح

(when) ع

 المناسللداللة

 الجر

 حرف

 ضاف و

 الزمان

 ى

. # Sunday is the day which Mohammed married Sara on.

# Sunday is the day on which Mohammed married Sara.

 ملحوظة

 ملحوظة

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١-ت مدختس(that) یلو(who / which)تالاح يفيھ:-

.(the longest / the best)بعد صفات التفضیل- 

  - Mr/Ahmed is the best teacher that we have ever seen.

 .(the only / the last / the first)بع-

- He is the last boy that entered the room.

.(all)بعد كلم-

  - I lost all the money that I had.

.(it’s / it was / any)بع-

  - It is Adison that invented the light bulb.

٢

-دستت

(whom) لیس

 و

(who / that)س

 جإذا

 بحرف

 بقت

. - This is Ahmed with whom I usually play chess.

٣-تدختس(which)یلو(that)س اذإج فرحب تقب.

  - Is this the computer on which you type your reports?

٤-یادختسا نكم( v + ing ) الدبیمض نمولعملل ةینبملا لمجلا يف لصولا. 

- The disturbances )اضطرابا(  taking place in Egypt hinder )یعو(  economy.

- The disturbances which takes place in Egypt hinder economy.

٥-یادختسا نكم(P.P) الدبجملل ةینبملا لمجلا يف لصولا ریمض نمو.

  - The story written by Amira was wonderful.

- The story which was written by Amira was wonderful.

٦-ادختسا نكمی)دصملاto +( الدبصولا ریمضلدعبthe only / the first / the last)(.

  - Sara was the last one to arrive at school.

- Sara was the last one who arrived at school.

7- What = the thing that.

- What made me happy was that I passed the exam.  

- The thing that made me happy was that I passed the exam.  ٨-لصولا ریمضب عبتت ةعمجملا تاملكلا(who)و دارفأ نع اھریبعت دنع(which)دحاو ةدحو نع اھریبعت دنع:- 

# team

# gang

# band

# familyأفراد

  who )بعدھا فعل جم(  

# crew فریق which )بعدھا فعل مفر(  

# army  الحظ األمثلة

# staff

# class- The team which won the cup is honored .  نتحدث عن الفریق كوحدة واحدة

- The gang who robbed the bank were all arrested.  نتحدث عن األفراد

 مالحظات ھامة

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9- 

# which

# who have +  شي = with +  شي

# The book with a green cover is written by Al-akad. ( Which )

- The book which has a green cover is written by Al-akad.

10- 

# Who + wear +  مالبس = in +  مالبس = wearing +  مالبس

# The boy in a green t-shirt is my brother. ( Who / wearing )

- The boy who wears a green t-shirt is my brother.

- The boy wearing a green t-shirt is my brother.

 -:(glasses)معولك-

# Ahmed is a tall man with glasses. (who)- Ahmed is a tall man who wears glasses.

١١-ت مدختس(which)اھل ةقباس ةلمج فصول:-

# Ahmed helped an old man. That was kind of him. ( which )

- Ahmed helped an old man which was kind of him.

12- 

Whom  عاقل

# (عدد

 / All / most ) + of Whichعاقل

 غیر

 

- I have 10 children. three of whom are doctors.

- They asked me a lot of questions, most of which I couldn’t answer.

 -:(whom / which)و بنفس الطریقة السابقة نستخدم الكلمات التالیة مع

# None of # Neither of # Any of # Either of # Some of

# Many of # Much of # (A) few of # Both of # Half of

# Each of # One of # Two of

- Dai tried on three jackets, none of which fitted her.

- Two men, neither of whom I had seen before, came to the office.

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Reported Speech  الكالم المنقول

1- Order :-  األمر

#  مصدر +  مفعول  أمر مثبت مباشر

# Don’t +  مصدر +  مفعو  أمر منفي مباشر

- Study your lessons. - Don't play in the street.

 -:خطوات التحویل لألمر الغیر مباشر#

.ثم المفعول مع مراعاة الزم(tell)إلى(say)نحول الفعل-

ب -  .في النفي ثم المصد(not to)في اإلثبات و(to)نحذف األقواس و نربط 

 حسب الفاعل والمفعول خارجھتتغیر الضمائر داخل األ-  .واس

 

 -:طبق ھذه الخطوات على األمثلة التالیة

# Mr/ Hatem said, "revise your lessons daily."- Mr/ Hatem told me to revise my lessons daily.

# Father said, "don't play in the street, Mohammed."

- Father told Mohammed not to play in the street.

2- Request :-  الطلب

# (can / could / will / would) + you + inf   طلب مباشر

# Please + inf   طلب مباشر

- Please help me do my homework.

- Can you do me a favour?

 -:خطوات التحویل للطلب الغیر مباشر#

.ثم المفعول مع مراعاة الزم(ask)إلى (say)نحول الفعل-

ب -  .في النفي ثم المصد(not to)في اإلثبات و(to)نحذف األقواس و نربط 

 حسب الفاعل والمفعول خارجھداخل األتتغیر الضمائر-  .واس

 

 -:طبق ھذه الخطوات على األمثلة التالیة

# Hassan said, "can you do me a favour?"

- Hassan asked me to do him a favour.

# Ahmed said, "can you help me?"

- Ahmed asked me to help him.

3- Statement :-  الجملة الخبریة

# I have a car of my own.مباشرة

 خبریة

 جملة

  -:خطوات التحویل للجملة الخبریة الغیر مباشرة#

.یظل كما ھ (say)الفعل -

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.ثم المفعول مع مراعاة الزم (tell)نحولھ إلى (say to)إذا كان الفعل -

ب -   .التي یمكن حذفھ(that)نحذف األقواس و نربط 

 حسب الفاعل والمفعول خارجھتتغیر الضمائر داخل األ- .واس

 -:حسب الجدول اآلتيماضیا)خارج األقوا(یتغیر الزمن داخل األقواس بشرط أن یكون فعل القول- 

In directمباشر

 غیر

  Directمباشر

 

یماضي س ب ط ی ع سراضم

ي مستمر ض ا م ر م ت ع سراضم 

 ماضي بسی/ماضي تام "الماضي التا"فضلی

ماضي بسیط

ي تام ض ا م م ع اراضم

Could - might - would - should Can - may - will - shall

Had to Must = have toضرورة

 Must have + p.p Must  استنتاج

 -:على المثال التاليطبق الخطوات السابقة

# Dai said, "I have a car of my own."

- Dai said that she had a car of her own.

4- Question :-  الجملة االستفھامیة

# why are you late?  جملة استفھامیة مباشرة

#للسؤال

 التحویل

 مباشرخطوات

 الغیر

:- 

 .مع مراعاة الزم(ask) , (want to know) , (wonder)یتحول إلى (say)الفعل -

-:تكون)كلمة رب(نحذف األقواس و نربط الجملة ب -

 -(if / whether)عاسم لعفب  .مع السؤال المبدو

 بأداةأداة االستفھام نفسھا-  .استفھامع السؤال المبدو

 -م

 الفاعل

 ضمیر

 وضع

 ضرورة

 مع

 خارجھا

 والمفعول

 الفاعل

 حسب

 األقواس

 داخل

 الضمائر

 كلمةالوحتتغیر

 بعد

 .الربط مباشرة

.ل القول ماضیا حسب الجدول السابیتغیر الزمن داخل األقواس بشرط أن یكون ف -

 

 -:طبق الخطوات السابقة على األمثلة التالیة

# The teacher said, "why are you late? did you miss the bus?"

- The teacher asked why I was late and if I had missed the bus.

# Ahmed said, "Are you happy?"

- Ahmed asked if I was happy.

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-فعل

 كان

 ولو

 حتى

 األقواس

 داخل

 الزمن

 یتغیر

 اآلتیةال

 الحاالت

 في

 ماضیا

 األقواس

 خارج

 القول

:- 

. # The teacher said that hot airمع الحقائ- rises.

-حالت

 مع

(if / wish)الثالث

 و

 الثانیة

.

# Maha said, "if you worked harder, you would make more money."

- Maha said that if I worked harder, I would make more money.

 و لكن یتغیر الزمن مع المضارع البسیط-  .والمستقبل البسیطمع الروابط الزمنیة في أزمنة الماضي

# Ola said, "while I was doing the homework, I slept."

- Ola said that while she was doing the homework she slept.

# Adel said, "when I leave school, I will start a project."

- Adel said that when he left school, he would start a project.

-فترة

 من

 قیلت

 قد

 الجملة

 كانت

 كلماتقصیرةإذا

 باستخدام

 ذلك

 مثلو

 األقواس

 خارج

:-

# just # now # a short time # at once # just now # a moment ago

# immediately

# Shaimaa said now, "I will study."

- Shaimaa said now that she will study.

٢-ریمضلا وھ ساوقألا جراخ لعافلا ناك اذإ ساوقألا لخاد رئامضلا ریغتت ال(I)لوعفم دجوی الو:- 

# I said, "you did me a lot of favours."

- I said that you had done me a lot of favours.

٣

-خبریتی

 جملتین

 لربط

.استخدم

(and that):- # Shaimaa said to me, "I can't answer the question. It's very difficult."

- Shaimaa told me that she couldn't answer that question and that it was very difficult .

٤-يلاتلا لودجلا بسح ةلمجلا يف نامزلا و ناكملا فورظ لوحتت رشابملا ریغ ىلإ رشابملا نم لیوحتلا دنع:- 

IndirectDirect

That This

Those These

There Here

Then Now

That day Today

That night Tonight

The day before Yesterday

The week before Last (week) 

A month before A month ago 

At that moment At the moment

The next day Tomorrow

The week after Next (week) 

 مالحظات

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Question tag  السؤال المذیل

# Shaimaa plays football badly, doesn't she?

 .والعكس صحیمنفیكون سؤالھا المذیلمثبتعندما تكون الجملة الخبریة

#الكلمات

 مع

:- 

Everyone - Everybody - Every person - Someone

Somebody - No one - Nobody - No person - neither

Every +عاقل

 مفرد

 اسم

  or No +عاقل

 مفرد

 اسم

 - No one did the homework, did they?

#الكلمات

 مع

:- 

No one - Nobody - No person - Scarcely

Rarely - Seldom - Hardly - Little - No longer

Never - Nothing - Few ……..…. .

- No one did the homework, did they? 

 -:ولكن الحظ

# Little information is known about that boy, is it?

# A little information is known about that boy, isn’t it?

( little / few ) )ثبم(فعل مساعد

( a little / a few ) حسب الفععامل معاملة الجملة العادیةت  

1- I'm a doctor, aren't I / am I not ? 

 .المذیفي السؤال ( I )مع ضمیر الفاعل(are)استخدمنا في المثال السابق الفعل المساع#

# I am not a teacher, am I?

 

مثبت

 المساعد

 الفعل

 یكون

 

)ألن معنى الجملة الخبریة منفي(

بسیط

 ع ر ا ض م ط ی س ب

 ماضي

( I - He - She - It - They - You - We )

there  

المذیل

 السؤال

ضمیر فاعل

فعل مساع

Did Do - Does

  یكون ضمیر الفاعل

They 

 حاالت خاصة

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2- Let's wait here under the shade, shall we / shan't we?  االقتراح

3- Let me use your mobile, will you?االستئذان

 

4- Listen to me first, will you / won't you?األمر

 

5- Don't make noise, will you / can you?  النھي

6-

- You'd better study hard, hadn't you?

- You'd rather leave now, wouldn't you?

7-

- Mona's bought a new flat, hasn't she?- Doaa's left at home alone, isn't she?

8-

- I think Abeer is intelligent, isn't she?

- You think Abeer is intelligent, don't you?

-المركب

 الجمل

 في

 األفعال

 تكون(think / believe / consider / expect)مع

 المثالین

 في

 كما

:- 

ع األول م ات عكسي مع المق من المقطع الثاني والنفي واإلث)ضمیر الفاع(صیغة السؤال المذیل-

 .( I / we )الضمائر

 )الحظ المثالین السابقی(.طع األول مباشرة مع باقي الضمائمن الم)ضمیر الفاع(صیغة السؤال المذیل-

9- If you were there, things would change, wouldn't they?

- صیغة

 تكون

 الشرطیة

 الجمل

 الشرفي

 جواب

 جملھ

 من

 المذیل

 لسؤال

.  )لھا وتخالفھا في اإلثبات و النفتأخذ فا(

10- This is my brother over there, isn't it?

:-(that / this / everything / nothing / something)إذا كان فاعل الجملة الخبری-

 .))itیكون فاعل السؤال المذیل

11- You daren't walk in front of this place, dare you?

daren't dare +فاعل

 needn't need +  فاعل

'd + ( rather / /  ) = would + ( ratherمصدر ( مصدر

'd + ( p.p / better ) = had + ( p.p / better )

's + ( p.p / v+ing / / صفة /  ) = is + ( p.p / v+ingوظیفة / صفة ( وظیفة

's + (p.p) = has + p.p

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12-

- You had to do that, didn't you?

- I used to eat meat, didn't I?

Had to / Used to Didn't +  ضمیر الفاعل

Have to Don't +  ضمیر الفاعل

Has to Doesn't +  ضمیر الفاعل

١٣-ناك اذإ:- 

١-لیذملا لاؤسلافنم:- ب  (Yes)تكون اإلجابة

٢-لیذملا لاؤسلابثم:- ةباجإلا نوكت  (No)ب

# Hatem is angry, isn't he? - yes he is.

14- Soha has a modern mobile, doesn't she? 

does she not? 

15- He is too tired to work, is he?

 .ا منفي فیكون الفعل المساعد مثبمعنا)+ tooالصفة + + toمصدر(التركیبة#

16-

- Everyone speaks English fluently, don't they?

- Neither of them plays chess, do they?

17- He had a car, hadn't he?

didn't he? 

18-

- He hurt his knee while he was laying, didn't he?

- If you have money, use it wisely, will you?

 .خمن الجملة اربطاداةحتولة التي ال من الجالمذیلیتم تكوین السؤاربطفي الجمل التي تحتوى أدا-

١٩

-النف

 كلمة

 نفصل

(not)مختصر

 تكن

 لم

 إذا

 الفاعل

 بضمیر

 المساعد

 الفعل

 التالي عن

 المثال

 في

 كما

:- - Soha has a modern mobile, doesn't she? 

- Soha has a modern mobile, does she not 

-:منھامتعددالحظ أننا عند السؤال عن الملكیة نستخدم طرق-

 - Do they have a car?  - Have they got a car? 

- Have they a car?  غیر شائعة

األساسي یعبر عنفي السؤال المذیل كفعل مساعد في حالة إذا كان الفع(verb to Have)لذلك تجد أننا نستخدم

 ).٧(ع مراعاة الزمن كما في المثالالملكیة م

 ملحوظة ھامة

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Deduction  االستنتاج

1- Near Certainty :- شبھ متأك  

 -:الكلمات الدال#

# Sure # certain # surely # certainly

# definite # definitely # impossible 

Near Certainty

 نفي  إثبات

 ماضي  مضارع  ماضي  مضارع

Can't have + p.p Can't + inf  Must have + p.p Must + inf 

# I'm certain Dalia passed the exam. (must) 

- Dalia must have passed the exam.

# It's definite Rami doesn't have a car. (can't)

- Rami can't have a car.

# It's impossible Tamer did this crime. (can't)

- Tamer can't have done this crime.

2- Un certainly :-  عدم تأكد

 -:الكلمات الدال#

# not sure # probable # think # probably

# likely # perhaps # un certain

Un certainly 

ماضي

 مضارع

 

May have + p.p May + inf 

# I am not sure Amir married last week. (may)

- Amir may have married last week.

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3- Very un certainly :-  عدم معرفة

 -:الكلمات الدال#

# don't know # un likely # possible # possibly

# don't think # have no idea

Very un certainly  ماضي  مضارع

Might have + p.p Might + inf 

# It's possible that Ahmed killed his mother-in-low. (Might) 

- Ahmed might have killed his mother-in-low.

#  شبة تأكد must

can't

#  احتمال may

# عدم معرف   might

مصدر

 

be + p.p

have + p.p

have been + p.p

be + v + ing

have been + v + ing 

) معلو(مضارع )مجھو(مضارع  معلو(ماضي (  )مجھو(ماضي

 مضارع مستمرماضي مستمر

 

١-لحت(could)لحم)might(may / جاتنتسالا لمج يف:- 

# Could = may # Could = might

- Ahmed might have killed his mother-in-low.

- Ahmed could have killed his mother-in-low.

٢

-لـ

 استخدامات

 عدة

 ھناك

(must)یلي

 فیما

 بینھا

 الفرق

 الحظ

:- 

1- Must )الضرور(   (needn’t / don’t have to)  النفي منھا

- You must do your homework now.

- You don’t have to do your homework now.

2- Must )االستنتا(   (can't)  النفي منھا

- Dalia must have passed the exam.

- Dalia can't have passed the exam.

3- Mustn’t )حظر

 /من

(  - You mustn't wait here.

 مالحظات

 تلخیص ما سبق

 نفي

اثبات

 

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Reflexive pronouns  الضمائر المنعكسة

ع الضمائر و ن ل ع ا ف  ر ئ ا م ض ل و ع ف م  ر ئ ا م ض ة ی ك ل م  ت ا ف ص ة ی ك ل م  ر ئ ا م ض ة س ك ع ن م  رئامض

موقعھا في 

الجملة

أول الجملة  بعد الفعل مباشرة  تبع باسم ملكیت ع باسال ت  ب ت ل ع ا ف ل ا  ریمض هددحی

1 I Me My Mine Myself

2 He Him His His Himself

3 She Her Her Hers Herself

4 It It Its Itself

5 They Them Their Theirs Themselves

6 We Us Our Ours Ourselves

7 You You Your Yours Yourself / Yourselves

8 One Oneself

١-ةسكعنملا رئامضلا:- (Reflexive pronouns)

 

 -:تستخدم الضمائر المنعكسة #

١-دحاو لوعفملاو لعافلا نوكی امدنع:-

  - You should blame yourself  not me.

- You should make yourself  a good name.٢-دیكأتلا دنع:- (emphasis)

  - Omar himself  arrested the thief.

- The minister himself  cleaned the bathroom.

- The film itself  wasn't very good, but I liked the music.

٣-احلطصملا ضعب عم:- 

 المصطل معناه

do whatever you want # Please yourself  have a good time # Enjoy myself  

be polite  # Behaveاضبط سلوكك yourself  

behave as if it was your house # Make yourself  at home

speak loudly # Make yourself  heard

without help # By myself  

take food and drink as you like # Help yourself  

# Cut / introduce / kill / look / teach / dry yourself  

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 -:ال تستخدم الضمائر المنعكسة بعد#

١-ناكملا رج فورح:- 

# behind # near # by = beside# at # on # in 

# below # between # above# in front of# opposite# next to

)معین

 ألفعال

 تابعة

 غیر

 وھي

(  # under- Shady sat and put his bag by him.

 -:ولكن الحظ األمثلة التالیة حیث ال یعبر حرف الجر عن المكان

- Shady is used to travelling by himself.

- You should depend on yourself.

٢-لثم لاعفألا ضعب:- 

# Lose# Stand up# Sit down # Shave# Get up# Die# Wash# Relax# Marry# Burn # Grow# Divorce 

# Dress # Wake up

1- by myself = without help = with none’s help = on my own = a lone )بمفرد(  

- Do I have to do the homework (on my own / by myself)?

2- of my own = belongs to meإلي

 ینتمي

 - I have a car of my own.

3- ( each other / one another )  :-

# each other )عبر عن شخصیت(

# one another )اثنیعبر أكثر منت(

- Ahmed and Mohammed work with each other.

- Ahmed, Mohammed and Mahmoud work with one another.

4-  مملوك) (شي +  + ofاسم ملكیة = ضمیر ملكیة + صفة ملكیة  مملوك) (شي  اسم ملكیة

# A friend of mine = my friend 

# We went there with some friends of ours. (our friends)

- We went there with some of our friends.

# It was a good idea of yours to go to the cinema. (Your idea …)

- Your idea to go to the cinema was good.

 مالحظــــــــات

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Do or Make

1- Do :-

 -:ةمھأو نشاط أإجراشخص معندما ینف(Do)الفعنستخد-

# Do a crossword # Do the ironing # Do the laundry # Do the washing -:من أي نوعمعند اإلشارة إل(Do)الفعلستخدما وكثیر-

# Do your work # Do homework # Do housework  # Do your job 

 .ناتج مادعادةال تنتھذه األنشط-:ملحوظة

 -:مع األفكار العامة(Do)نستخدم الفعل-

 بصفة عامنتحدث ععندم(Do)الفعلنستخد# نقودون أنھذا العملوص بعبارة أخرأ.األشیا

 -:الكلماتمھذما یستخدوكثیر.ھو العممبالضبط

"something, nothing, anything, everything, etc."

- I'm not doing anything today. - He does everything for his mother.

 ""Doتعبیرات ھامة مع

Do the paperworkDo servicesDo designingDo good

Do the shoppingDo some letter-writingDo equation Do 50 miles per hourیحل معادلة

Do the vacuumingبالكنس

 یقوم

 Do exerciseDo a course

Do time  Do some studyingDo harmDo a crosswordیذھب للسجن

Do wellDo some writingDo heart partsDo a favour

Do workDo somethingDo homeworkDo a project

Do your bestDo sportDo houseworkDo a report

Do your dutyDo the accountsDo nothingDo a test

Do your hair  Do an assignmentیصفف الشعر )واج/مھم(ـیقوم

Do your jobDo the dishes# Do the cleaningDo an exam

Do your makeupDo the ironingDo repairsDo badly

# Do your nails األظافیطلي  Do researchDo business

Do the mathDo the maximumDo chores روتینیبأعمایقوم  

Do post-graduate studies  Do damageیقوم بدراسات ما بعد التخرج سبب

 

تلفای  

Do the cleaningDo the minimumDo the laundry بالغسییقوم  

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2- Make :-

 و الخلق(Make)نستخدم الفعل-  و البنا  -:مع اإلنشا

# Make a dress # Make food # Make a cup of (tea / coffee)

 -:عند اإلشارة إلى إعداد الطعام من أي نو(Make)الفعلستخدما وكثیر-

# Make a meal. (breakfast / lunch / dinner)

 .مادیة ملموسنواتجھذه األنشط-:ملحوظة

 ""Makeتعبیرات ھامة مع

# Make a difference to# Make an effort# Make a decision # Make amends

# Make a comment# Make an enquiry # Make a choice# Make arrangements 

# Make a move# Make pilgrimage# Make friends# Make a fortune 

# Make a noise # Make a mistake# Make an excuse# Make a fuss

# Make money# Make a mess# Make love# Make a journey 

# Make your mind up # Make a fool of yourself

# Make a promise # Make a profit# Make a phone call# Make a payment 

# Make food # Make peace# Make a change# Make a loss

# Make timeالوقت

 یستغل

 # Make a plan # Make savings

# Make a demand# Make an exception # Make an offer # Make an attempt

# Make a point# Make war# Make a decision# Make a bed

# Make way خلي الطریق

 

 # Make a speech # Make a visitی

# Make believe   # Make a sound# Make a complaintیتظاھر

# Make designs # Make a dress # Make a remark# Make a suggestion

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Countable & Uncountable nouns

Countable nouns Uncountable nouns

 -:االسم المعدود

 .(a/an)لھ مفرد یسبق بـ-

 -:مثل

dog manbook 

 -:لھ جمع یسبق بـ-

some a fewmany 

several lots ofa lot of

a number of  

-:مثل

children menbooks

buses housespeople

crises oases countries 

dogs micewomen

lions

 -:االسم الغیرمعدود

یتبع بفعلولك(a/an)لیس لھ مفرد وال یسبق بـ-

 .مفرد و لیس لھ جمع-:سبق بـیو

some a littlemuch 

plenty of  lots ofa lot ofa great deal of  

 -:مثل

oil newsmoney 

gold milkfurniture

sand  juice tin 

advice baggage luggage

information

١-ج تاملكعمج لعف اھعبتی و درفم اھل سیل ع لثم:- 

# valuables # surroundings # goods # clothes# police # people 

# cattle )ماشی(   ……….. . # customs )جمار(  

- Several police were injured during the rioting.

٢-ـب ةیھتنم تاملك(s) عبتت و عمج تسیل اھنكل ودودعم ریغ   -:مثل فعل مفرد ألنھا أسما

# maths # athletics# gymnastics # physics# politics # news

# measles (# economics # phoneticsمرض الحصب( )صوتیا(

# ethics )أخال(  …………. . # diabetes (# statisticsمرض السك( )علم اإلحصا(

- The good news is that tomorrow will be fine and sunny.

٣-ب قبست و عمج لعفب عبتت و ةیزیلجنإلا يف عمجك لماعت ةیبرعلاب ةدرفم تاملك (a pair of) لثم:- 

# pyjamas # pants (# trousers# shoes# socks# gloves # glassesبنطلو(

# slippers )شبش(  # scales )میزا(  # scissors (# tongsمق( )ماس(  

- These scissors don't cut well. I need to sharpen them.

 مالحظات ھامة

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معدود

 غیر

معدود

 

٤-اھانعم بسح تقولا سفن يف ةدودعم ریغ و ةدودعم تاملك لثم:- 

 الكلم معدو غیر معدود

 Chickenدجاج )لح(دجاج

قماش

 قما

 قطعة

 Cloth Coffeeكوب قھو )مشرو(بن

 Experienceتجرب/موقف خبرة

 Fishسم )أكل(سمك

 Glassكوب زجاج زجاج

 Hairشعر شعر

 Materialماد قماش

 Paperجرید ورق

صخر

)ماد

( صخ

 Rock Stoneحج )ماد(حجارة/حجر

 Teaكوب شا شاي

 Timeمر وقت

 Tinعلب/صفیحة صفی/قصدیر

- Fish is my favourite dish.

- There are a lot of empty glasses on the table.

- My shoes are very tight. عامل كجمت  

- This pair of shoes is mine. )عامل كمفرت   (a pair of) إذا سبقت بـ(  

٥- دودعمك مدختست يأ ةعمجم   -:مثل و غیر معدود حسب ما یقصد منھأسما

 جمع(  )مفرد كیان واح) / (أفراد

# team

# gang

# band

# family who +  فعل جمع )أفرا(

# crew which + مفرفعل   )وحدة واحد(

# army

# class

- The team which won the cup is honoured. 

- The team who won the cup are very good.

ھامة

  ملحوظة

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٦-عمجلا ةفص اھئاطعإل ةدودعملا ریغ   -:مثل كلمات معدودة تسبق األسما

# a piece of

# a bit of news - information - advice ……… .

# an item of

# a bottle of water - milk - oil - juice ……… .

# a bar of chocolate - soap )صابو(  ………. .

# a jar of jam - honey …….. .

# a packet of tea - coffee - biscuits - paper ……… .

# a sheet of paper .

# a lump of sugar .# a bag of rice - sugar - salt ….. .

# a reel of string )خی(  .

# a kilo of meat ……… .

# a loaf of bread. "رغی"

# a tube of toothpaste. "أنبوب"  

7- 

# How much +معدود

 غیر

 اسم

 

- How much work have you got to do?

# How many +  اسم معدود جمع

- How many eggs do we need?

٨-ةملك(some)يف ماھفتسالا يف مدختست امك طقف تابثإلا يف مدختستيھو ثالث تالاح)بلطلا /ضرعلا /ارتقالا(:- 

- Can you lend me some money?

- I got some nice presents for Christmas this year.

9-

# a few = not many )عدد قلیل و یكف(

# few )عدد قلیل ال یكف(  

# a little = not much )كمیة قلیلة و تكف(

# little )كمیة قلیلة ال تكف(  

 (a few / a little)كلمتي(only)تسبق-

١٠-تتبع)ةیلاملا میقلا /نازوألا /تاعافترالا /تافاسملا /اوبعلا(ةدحو نع ربعت امدنع درفم لعفب. 

- 10 pounds is enough for you a day.- Three one-pound coins are on the table.

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Appendix  ملحق

beenwas /wereیكو

Be

beatenbeat Beatیقھ/یفوز

bentbentیخض/ینحني

Bend

betbetیراھ

Bet

bittenbitیلد/یعض

Bite

dealtdealtیتاج/یتعامل/یتفق

Deal

dugdugدف/تعمق/حفر

Dig

eatenateیأك

Eat

fedfed Feedیقتا/یغذي/یطعم

feltfeltیشع

Feelfoughtfought

یقاو/یناضل/یقاتل

Fight

flownflewیطی

Fly

forbiddenforbadeیمن/یحرم/یحظر

Forbid

forecastforecast  Forecastتنبأ بحالة الج

foundedfoundedینش/یؤسس

Found

frozenfrozeیجم

Freeze

groundgroundیطح

Grind

hunghungیعلق

/یعتصم

Hangheardheard

یسم

Hear

hiddenhidیتجن/یختبئ

Hide

hithitیصی/یسدد/یضرب

Hit

heldheldیحم/یشغل

Hold

hurthurtیجر

Hurt

keptkeptیستم/یحتفظ

Keep

laidlaidیض

Lay

letletید

Let

lainlayیرق

Lie

litlitیشع/یضي

Light

lostlostیخس

Lose

meantmeantیضم/ینوي/یقصد

Mean

putputیض

Put

readreadیقر

Read

rungrangیطو/یرن

Ring

risenroseیرتف/یتصاعد

Rise

runranجريی

/دیری

/یقو

Runsoughtsought

یھد/یقصد/یطمح في

Seek

setsetحد/ضبط/وضع

Set

الشاذة

 األفعال

 بعض

 تصریفات

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sewn / sewedsewed Sewیخی

shakenshookیھت

Shake

shoneshone Shineیتأل/یضي /یلمع

shotshotShootیطلق النا

shownshowedیوض/یظھر

Show

shutshutیغلق

/یس

Shutsunksank

یغو

Sink

satsatیجل

Sit

spreadspreadینش

Spread

sprungsprangیث

Spring

stoodstoodیترش/یتحمل/یقف

Stand

stolenstoleیسر

Steal

stuckstuckیتحم/یلصق/یثبت

Stick

stungstungیلدغ

/یلس

Stingstunkstank

Stinkینافي األخال/ینتن

struckstruckStrikeیسك العمل/یصدم/یضرب

swornsworeیحل/یقسم

Swear

swungswungیتمای/یتأرجح

Swing

takentookیأخ

Take

taughttaughtعی

Teach

torntoreیبك/یھدم/یمزق

Tear

thoughtthought Thinkیفك

thrownthrewیلقي

/یرم

Throw

understoodunderstoodیفھ

Understand

wokenwokeیستیق

Wake

wornworeیرتد

Wear

wonwonیكس/یفوز

Win

writtenwroteیكت

Write

burnt / burnedburnt / burned Burnیحر

dreamt / dreameddreamt / dreamed Dreamیحل

forecast / forcastedforecast / forcasted  Forecastتنبأ بحالة الج

leant / leanedleant / leanedیستن/یتكئ  Lean

learnt / learnedlearnt / learned Learnیتعل

smelt / smelledsmelt / smelled Smellیش

spelt / spelledspelt / spelled Spellیتھج

spilt / spilledspilt / spilledیریق

/یندلق

 Spillspoilt / spoiledspoilt / spoiled

یتل/یدلل/ینھب  Spoil

األفعال

 بعض

 تصریفات

)الشاذة

 /الشاذ

 غیر

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TheyWeYouItSheHeI

I'm'm = am

It'sShe'sHe's's = (is / has)

They'reWe'reYou're're = areThey'veWe'veYou'veI've've = have

They'llWe'llYou'llIt'llShe'llHe'llI'll'll = (will / shall)

They'dWe'dYou'dShe'dHe'dI'd'd = (would / had)

-الملكیة

 على

 الدالة

 األفعال

:- 

# possess # own# have got# have- I have a car. not ( I'm having a car. )

-اإلحساس

 على

 الدالة

 األفعال

:- 

# sound# taste# appear# smell # seem# hear# see

- It tastes strange. not ( It is tasting strange. )

٣-ةماع لاعفأ:- 

# love # need# remember# suppose# like# want

# understand # forget# mean# realize# know # belong

# owe# need# deny # agree# hate# believe- I'm afraid I disagree with you. not (I'm disagreeing with you.)

# feel # see # have # think # look

1- I have a car. )المستمر

 األزمنة

 في

 تأتي

 ال

(

-تدل

 ال

 عندما

 الحظ

 لكن

(have)المستمرة

 األزمنة

 في

 تأتي

 الملكیة

 على

:- - We are having launch now.

2- I see what you mean. )في األزمنة المستمرال تأت(

 -:على الرؤیة البصریة أو الفھم تأتي في األزمنة المستمرة(see)لكن الحظ عندما ال تدل-

- I'm seeing (meeting) the doctor tomorrow.

3- I think we should leave immediately. )المستمر

 األزمنة

 في

 تأتي

 ال

(

 -:تأتي في األزمنة المستمرة(believe / have an opinion)على معنى(think)لكن الحظ عندما ال تدل-

- He's thinking hard about the problem.

عداختصارات األفعال المسا

 أفعال ال تأتي في األزمنة المستمرة

 أفعال ال تأتي في األزمنة المستمرة إال بشروط

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4- He feels he should get another chance. )ال تأتي في األزمنة المستمر(

و تدل على معنى الشعور البدني تأتي في(have an opinion)على معنى(feel)لكن الحظ عندما ال تدل-

 -:األزمنة المستمرة 

- I'm feeling awful this afternoon.

5- It looks impossible! )المستمر

 األزمنة

 في

 تأتي

 ال

(

 -:تأتي في األزمنة المستمرة(stare at)و تدل على معنى(seem)على معنى(look)لكن الحظ عندما ال تدل-

- I'm looking at that strange man. 

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Confusing words

الكتابة

 في

 متشابھة

  كلمات

 Abroad = over seasخارج البالد

قطا/على متن سفینة  A board = on board 

سابقا/بالفعل  Already

 All readyجاھز تماما

Citizens accept the fact that they must pay taxes. Acceptیواف

No one is excepted from paying taxes.باستثنا/ماعدا  Except = but

How does the crime rate affect hiring levels

by local police forces? ( Affect (v)ال تتبع بحرف ج(یؤثر على

What effect did the loss have on the team?  Effect on (n)أثر

مذبح الكنیس/المذبح  Altar

یتغیر/یتبدل  Alter

 Angelمالك

(Angleمثل(زاویة

یس/ سد / عائق  Block = obstacle

 Blockعمارة سكنیة

 Bear / bore / bornیولد

 Bear / bore / borneیتحمل

A horse is standing beside an automobile.باإلضاف/بجانب  Beside

Gasoline engines pollute the air; besides, I like horses. Besidesباإلضافة إل

عاصمة/رأس مال  Capital

 Capitolمبنى یضم مقر الحكومة

 Charity (U)خیر )غیر معدو(

 Charity (C)جمعیة خیریة )معدو(

The hunters managed to capture the lion.یأسر

/عل

 یستولي

 CaptureThe landscapes of sunset captivate beauty-lovers

painters.یفتن/یأسر بجمال  Captivate

 Clearanceإزالة

 Clearnessوضوح

تحطم/تصادم مادي  Crash

خال/صدام  Clash

جفاف

 Drought Draughtتیار ھوا

لبن

 مزرعة

/بیع

 ألبامنتجامحل

 Dairy Diaryمذكرات شخصیة

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Solar-powered cars are charged by the sun." Charge "vیشحن

How much do you charge for a haircut?یسدد/یتقاضى أجر  Charge "v"

A charge of 5 L.E for the service.ثم/رسم  Charge "n"

He may face criminal charges." Charge "nاتھام رسم

حد/خبرة  Experience

 Experimentتجربة معملیة

حاس/صارم/حازم  Firm (adj)

 Firm (n)شركة

 Enclose = surrounded byمحاط ب

 Enclose = put withinیرفق مع

 improveیتحسن

 "improviseبدون تحضی"یرتجل

The oil will be exhausted in the near future.ینفذ

/ینض

 Exhaust (v)Don't exhaust yourself.

 Exhaust (v)یجھد شخص م

Car exhaust is very harmful. Exhaust (n)العاد

The iced dessert was the perfect complement to

the light summer meal.ملح/تكملة/تتمة  Complement

Be sure to compliment the chef.یمد/إطرا  Compliment

Chocolate ice cream is my favorite dessert. Dessertالتحلی

If you live in a desert, it is a good idea to own a camel.یھجر/صحرا  Desert

 مسافة فق(أبعد (Farther than

( Further thanمسافة و زم(أبعد

 Issue (n)شأ/قضیة/موضوع

( Issue (v)عمل(یصك) /قانو(یسن

Machine / wire / currentبالكھربا

 یدار

 ElectricGoods / engineer / fault / storms

 Electricalمتعلق بالكھربا

I have bought an electric kettle. Electricكھرب

I have an electronic dictionary. Electronicإلیكترون

A car has stopped in front of the bus."شي"أمام  In front of

The driver sits (in / at) the front of the bus.نم

 األمامي

 الجز

 في

بالداخ"شي"  In / at the front of

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Lestخشیة أ/لكي ال

 Listقائمة

 Lastیستم/یدوم

یفقد

 Lost Leastأقل

 Landmarkعالمة بارزة

 Landfillsمقلب زبالة

 Landscapeمنظر طبیعي

 Landlordصاحب عقار

عقار

 صاحبة

 Landlady

(Landmineلغ(أرض ألغام

(Covered inبنفس الشي(مغطى

 آخ(مغطى  ( Covered withبشي

 Insulateیعزل للحرارة والكھربا

( Isolateللمكا(یبعد عن/معزول

Don’t lie to your mother.  Lie - lied - liedیكذ

Egypt lies in north Africa. یق

 Lie = is located 

ینا/یستلقي  Lie - lay - lain 

Lay the book down.یخف/یضع  Lay - laid - laid 

It's full of burrs )نتو ا( یكو"شي" .  It's

Its tail is full of burrs. Itsصفة ملكی

I'll discuss the matter with you later.  Laterفیما بع

I prefer the latter. اآلخ/الثاني  Latter = the other 

He loosed the dog from its lead.طلی/غیر مربوط/حر

Loose

Here are your mittens; don't lose them.یفق/یستغرق في

Lose

What make is your car ?مارك

 Make (n)He made a fatal mistake.

یصن/یبني  Make (v)

 Many sweetsأنواع حلوى كثیرة

 Much sweetالكثیر من الحلوى

شخص/ذاتي  Personal

مجموعة موظفین في مصلحةعامة

 Personnel

A number of boys are absent today. من

 عدد

"جم

 فعلھا

"A number of The number of students has greatly reduced.   "The number ofفعلھا مفر"عدد من

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 Waistوسط الجسم

ع  Wasteیض

 Wanderبال ھدیتجول

Wonderیتسائل

إلیكترونیة

 إشارات

 ینقل

)یب

(Transmit

(Transportركا/بضائع(ینقل

( Transplantأعضا(یزرع/ینقل

دم

 Transfuseینقل

 Transferینتق/یحول نقود

Most of the ice cream is vanilla.أقص/معظم  Most

I almost ordered chocolate ice cream this time. Almostتقریبا

The golden rule is a practical principle. سلو/قاعدة  Principle

The principal is the substitute teacher. ساسا

/رئی

/ما

 رأس

 Principal

This city is very quiet. ( Quietصف(ھادئ

She is quite tall for her age.  ( Quite + Adjظر(إلى حد ما

My father quit smoking 3 years ago.یستقی/یترك/یھجر

Quit

 Plantنبات

 Planetكوكب

 Pieceقطعة

 Peaceالسالم

 Peasحبات البسلة

Rise / rose / risenیرتف/ینھض/یشرق  Rise )بدون مفعو(

Arise / arose / arisenینج/یظھر/ینشأ  Arise )بدون مفعو(  

Raise / raised / raisedیجمع ما/یربي/یرفع  Raise +  مفعول

Arouse / aroused / arousedریثی/عاشم كرحی  Arouse +  مفعول

 Traffic (n)المرور

في الممنوتاجر  Human trafficking

Traffic (v)

Scar  )عاھ(ندبة

Scaredخائف

 

Sacred  مقدس

They are going to build a new road around the city centre.للسیاراطریق  Road

What is the shortest route from here to the station?"Routeمسا"خط سیر

We will stay at Hilton Hotel.ناكم يف میقی"ةلحر و لمع و ةزاجأ"  Stay at

Why don't we stay in and watch TV ? Stay inیمكث داخل مكان و ال یغادره لفتر

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 Healthyسلیم بدنیا

  Saneسلیم عقلیا

( Crewطائر/سفینة(طاقم عمال

( Staffشرك/مؤسسة(ھیئة الموظفین

The lamp is attached to the ceiling. المادی(متصل ب ( Attached toلألشیا

All the events are connected with each other.ب

 متصل

)لألشیا 

 )المعنویةConnected with 

You have to be strong to be a weight lifter. ( Strongبدنیا(قوي

The president made a powerful speech. )لیس المقصود القوة البدنی(قوي

"وغیرھ)النفو/اإلقناع(قوة"بلPowerful

The lady drowned in the river.( Drownلألشخا(یغرق

The ship sank in the ocean. ( Sinkلألشیا(یغوص/یغرق

I learnt how to dive last year.( Diveریاض(لألشخاصیغوص

All people including my family were sad.Includeیشتمل عل

This glass contains water.  بداخل شي(یحتوي ( Containشي

This book consists of 9 units.  ( Consist ofاألجزا(یتكون من

I sent him his book and enclosed a photo with it. Encloseیرفق م

( Announcementقال ألول مر(بیان رسمي في جریدة-إعالن صوتي

 ( Advertisementمفقودا/وظیفة/سلعة(عن)اإلنترن/الصحافة(إعالن في

)تجاری(إعالنات تلیفزیونیة  commercials

I have a picture of my birthplace in my mind.(Mindالقدرة على التفكی(العقل

You should wear a helmet to avoid brain damage.( Brainعضو موجود بالرأ(المخ

I'd like to listen to some music.ینص/یصغي  Listen

We heard so much noise last night. Hearیسم

People usually rere at the age of 60. Retireیتقاع

Sami has given up trying to fix his bike. Give upیستسل

The ship was back in port after a week at sea.مینا/مرفأ  Port

Harbors are protected from the sea by land or walls.مجرى/مرفأ/مینا  Harbor

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( tree / man / skyscrapers / tower ) Tallطویل

(mountain / fence / hill )مرتف/عال  High

Eleven people were treated for minor injuries.یعال

 TreatThe treatment he had cured him of cancer.

 Cureعال/یعالج

The wound on my arm has healed.(Healقط/ حرق /جرح(یلتئم

We study different subjects like Arabic and English.لثم

 Like = such as

My dad works as a doctor.ك /فیظو يف  As

قصیرة

 فترة

 في

 الطقس

)الیوم

/الغ

( Weatherطویلة

 لمدة

 الجو

 حالة

)عام

/موس

( Climateفوري

 مترجم

 Interpreter Translatorمترجم

I have an image in my mind of a cottage by these.ةروص

)عقلیة

/ذھنی

( Image

I can take beautiful pictures with this camera.ةروص

)مرسومة

/ملتقط

(Picture

 بأج(خادم (Servant

عبد

)أج

 بدون

(Slave

 Dogكلب عادي

الصید

 كلب

 Hound

 Job (C)وظیفة

 وظیفت(عمل  ( Work (U)النشاط الذي تقوم بھ أثنا

 Careerحیاة مھنیة

( Professionالط(مثل )" خبر/مؤھل(تتطلب"مھنة

 Craftحرفة یدوی/مھنة

( Remoteزم/مسافة(بعید

(Distantمساف(بعید

( Far awayمساف(بعید

 The undergroundمترو األنفاق

 Subwayمترو األنفاق

 Tubeمترو األنفاق

 Metroمترو األنفاق

 ضد الجس(روح (Soul

( spiritشبح/تعاون/ریاضیة(روح

(Habitفردی(عادة

)جماعی(عادة  Custom

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He usually wears a brown t-shirt.رتدى فع(ما یرى + ( Wearما   مفعول

Put on your clothes.+ (Put onعملیة االرتدا(یرتدي  مفعول

 :- (wear)نستخدم دائما الفعل  (glasses / hat / helmet)لكن مع كلمات مث-

A pair of shoes.من

 زوج

)متالزمی

 شیئین

(  بنطلو/ملقاط/جوارب/أحذیة

pair of

A couple of computers.  (Couple ofشیئین غیر متالزمی(زوج من

This block consists of 5 storeys."طابق

حیث

 من

 مبنى

 تكوینھلوصف

)شكل

"(  Storey

Our flat is on the fifth floor. طاب

"لوصف المكان الذي نسكن فیھ أو المكتب الذي نعمل ب"  Floor

Being unqualified, his job opportunities were limited.مؤھل

 غیر

)دراسیا

 خاصة

( Unqualified

He was disqualified from driving for 3 years. Disqualifiedسقط حقھ في/ممنوع من

(Belowمرئ(أسفل بشكل غیر مغطى

(Underغیر مرئ(أسفل بشكل مغطى

 Vaporبخار من أي شي

 Steamبخار الما

There is only enough water for a couple of days ,

so we must conserve what we have.

یحافظ على استمراریةالشي 

 Conserve

How did people preserve food when there were

no refrigerators ? Preserveیحفظ الطعام من العفن

Rising unemployment in the area is bad for the

whole community.

أناس یعیشون في منطقة محددة 

Community

In a civilized society , everyone should have

access to health care and education.

 Societyمجتم

" Light houseالمبنى أمام البحر إلرشاد السف"منارة

( Beaconتنوی/علم(منارة

یضم بعض بلدان العالعالمي  International

 Globalعالمي یضم كل بلدان العالم

مظاھر سط/منظر طبیعي  Landscape

 Sceneryمنظر طبیعي عام

طبیعي

 منظر

)مكا

 من

 یشاھد

(ViewSceneمسرح جریم/ )في فیل(مشھد

(visionحلم/إبصار(رؤیة

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My daughter has got a degree in philosophy.  Degreeدرجة علمی/شھادة

Very few students passed the exam with grade A. يسردم لمعل ةجرد/سردم فص grade

They had to abandon their lands to theinvading forces.

عدم

 بنیة

 مكان

 أو

 شخص

 یھجر

 الرجوعAbandon

You ought to give up smoking.كان مستمر في فعلھیھجرعاد/یقلع  Give up 

"Hireشخ/سیارة/آلة") لمدة قصیر(یستأجر

 لمدة طویل(یستأجر  Rentإیجا/ "أر/غرفة/شقة")

ثروة

)مالی

 / (ح

 Fortune و لیس(ثروة (Wealthفق"ما"كمیة كبیرة من أي شي

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Translation  الترجمة

# translate into English :-

١-ف يئاقدصأ ينرازمیق ایادھ ينوطعأ و يدالیم دیع. 

-  My friends visited me on my birthday and gave me valuable presents.

٢

-ھو

 التعلیم

 القومإن

 مصر

 الرفاھیمشروع

 و

 الرخا

 إلى

 سبیلھا

 و

.- Education is Egypt's national project and its way to welfare and prosperity.

٣-لوصحلا بعصلا نمیزیلجنإلا ناقتإ نودب ةدیج ةفیظو ىلع. 

- It's difficult to get a good job without mastering English.

٤- رثؤیاھرإللاعلا داصتقا ىلع ایبلس اریثأت. 

- Terrorism affects the economy of the world negatively.

٥-ب تعتمتسا دقلضاملا عوبسألا ةیردنكسإلل يترای. 

- I enjoyed my visit to Alexandria last week.

٦

-بج

 یعمل

 أن

 مواطن

 كل

 على

 مصیجب

 نھضة

 أجل

 من

 اإلنتاج

 لزیادة

. - Every citizen should work hard to increase production for Egypt's renaissance.

٧-اسنإلا لثم تاناویحلا ينتعتطخ يأ نم مھیمحتو مھراغصب ةیربل. 

- Like man, wild animals look after their young and protect them from any danger.

٨-أ لافطألا نإاملقأت رثابكلا نم تاریغتم يأل. 

- Children are more adaptable to any changes than the old.

٩-ارشابم اریثأت ةیخانملا لاوحألا رثؤتھتایح ةعیبط و تاناویحلا لكش يف. 

- Climatic conditions have a direct effect on the animals' shape and its life style (nature).

١٠

-مھرجانایعد

 للكتاب

 الدولي

 القاھرة

 النایثقافیامعرض

 من

 العدید

 ویزوره

 سنویا

 قام

- The Cairo international book fair is considered a cultural festival (which is) held yearly

and several people visit it. 

١١-اھماعط داجیإ يف اھسفن ىلع تاناویحلا دمتعتھنأ ثیحھتیاعر ىلع موقی دحأ ال. 

- Animals are self dependent in finding their food as no one care for them.

١٢-محت و اھراغص تاناویحلا ىعرت ةرطفلاباسنإلا لعفی املثم رطخ يأ نم مھ. 

- By instinct, animals look after their young and protect them from any danger like man

(as man does).

١٣-و ةدیفم تاربخ ناسنإلا بستكی ثیح ةدیدع دئاوف رفسللرخأ تافاقث ىلع فرعتی. 

- Travelling has several benefits as man gain useful experiences and acquaint deferent

cultures.

١٤- لكاشم نم ةیمانلا لودلا يناعتو لھجلا و رقفلا لثم ةدیدیمألا. 

- Developing countries suffer from a lot of problems like illiteracy, poverty and ignorance.

١٥-أ وھ يحومط نإریبك ةورث نوكأ و جراخلل رفاسأ. 

- My ambition is to travel abroad and to make a big wealth.

١٦

-أثبت

 التغیلقد

 على

 قدرتھ

 المصري

 الشباب

. - The Egyptian youth have proved their abilities on change.

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١٧-من ةمداقلا تاونسلا دھشتسنرتنإلا ربع قوستلا يف اظوحلم ا. 

- The coming years will witness a remarkable growth in shopping on the internet.

١٨-قوتلا سانلا ىلع يغبنی ةئیبلا يمحن يكلیكیتسالبلا بئاقحلا مادختسا نع. 

- To keep/protect the environment people should stop using plastic bags.

١٩-ارك لب اھضرأ طقف سیل رصم تداعتسایجملا ربوتكأ رصن لضفب اضیأ اھت. 

- Egypt restored not only its land but also its dignity thanks to October glorious victory.

٢٠-ةیبرعلا بوعشلا نیب ةیلخادلا تافالخلل ةیاھن عضول ةیلعاف رثكأ ارود بعلت نأ اھیلع بجی ةیبرعلا ةعماجلاو

 .العدوان اإلسرائیلي على فلسطین

- The Arab league should play a more effective role to put an end to the inner disputes

amongst the Arab peoples and to the Israeli aggression on Palestine.

٢١-یإلا و ماظنلا ىلع انئانبأ بردن نأ بجیفنلا ىلع دامتعالا و دوعولاب   .ا

- We should train our children in discipline, keeping promises and self dependence. 

٢٢-ھم بسانت يتلا ةفیظولا راتخت نأ بجیتح كتارھلالخ نم كتاحومط ققحت. 

- You should choose the job that suits your skills to achieve your ambitions through it.

٢٣-ایعاو نوكت نأ بجیكتارارق بقاوعبقحال مدنت ال ىتح اھذختت نأ لبق. 

- You should be aware of the consequences of your decisions before making / taking

them so as not to regret later. 

٢٤-انلا نم ریثك حومط نإجی نأوعلطتی امنیب دیج بتارب ةفیظوھسفنأب مھلامعأ ةرادإ ىلإ نورخآ. 

- The ambition of many people is to find a job with a good salary, while others look

forward to running their own businesses.

٢٥

- مھارات

 یتطلب

 البریة

 الحیوانات

 ترویض

 كثیریإن

 ناس

 في

 توجد

 ال

 والتي

 اصة

. - Taming wild animals requires special skills that not many people have.

٢٦-الیل دجب لمعت نأ بجیراھن وتدرأ اذإحومط ققحت و كتفیظو يف ىقرتت نأ. 

- You must work hard day and night if you want to get promoted in your job and achieve

your ambition.

٢٧-اخلا مھباسحل لمعلا نورخآ لضفی نیح يف ةیموكحلا فئاظولا سانلا ضعب لضفی. 

- Some people prefer the government jobs, while others prefer working for themselves.

٢٨-یندب اقئال تنك املك رثكأ ةضایرلا تسرام املك. 

- The more you practice sport, the fitter you are.٢٩-تنن و لمعن نأ عیطتسن ىتح ضارمألاب ةباصإلا بنجتن و   .یجب أن نحافظ على أنفسنا أصحا

- We should keep ourselves healthy and avoid catching diseases in order to be able to

work and produce.

٣٠-اسفانت دھشتس ةسائرلا تاباختنا نأ ودبیدیدشصم شرع ىلإ لوصولا لجأ نم. 

- It seems that the elections of presidency will witness an intense rivalry to reach (get to)

Egypt's throne.

٣١-ئدابملا ةلود نإاایھنالا رطخ ھجاوت نل ةیطارقمید. 

- The state of democratic values will not encounter the danger of collapse.

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٣٢-یم لح يف مھاسی ثیح اقالمع ایرامثتسا اعورشم ةرھاقلا ورتم دعرھاقلا يف يرورملا قانتخالا ةلك. 

- The Cairo metro is considered a giant investment project that contributes to solving the

problem of traffic congestion in Cairo.

٣٣-فشك ىلع ءاضفلا فاشكتسا دعاس دقلاثكوكلا رارسأ نم ر. 

- Space exploration has helped to reveal a lot of universe secrets.

٣٤

-للس

 تدعو

 و

 النفس

 تھذب

 األبریامالریاضة

 قتل

 و

 الدماء

 لسفك

 ال

- Sport trims the soul and calls for peace not for bloodshed and killing the innocent.

٣٥-ولعملا ایجولونكت لاجم يف ةرفط كانھیملاع ةیرق حبصی ملاعلا تلعج تا. 

- There is a breakthrough in the field of information technology, which made the world

become a global village.

٣٦-دأ لبق دیجلا دادعتسالا نإلوھسب هزاجنا نم كنكمی لمع يأ ء. 

- Good readiness before doing any work enables you to achieve it easily.

٣٧- بصأ املك ةقالطب ةیزیلجنإلا تثدحت املكج ةفیظو ىلع لوصحلا كیلع الھسد. 

- The more fluently you speak English, the easier you get a good job.

٣٨-ھنم صلختن نأ بجی ةئیس ةداع هایملا مادختسا يف فارسإلا. 

- The extravagance in using water is a bad habit that we should get rid of.

٣٩- نكمی يملاعلا داصتقالا لظ يفةمزأ فصعت نودلا نم ددعب ةیلام. 

- Through the global economy, a financial crisis can storm a number of countries.

٤٠-لا ىدل يعولا رشن يف ةیمالعإلا تالمحلا مھاسترسألا میظنتب قلعتی امیف نینطاو. 

- Media campaigns contribute to spreading awareness among the citizens concerning

family planning.٤١-يش لك رمدت برحلا امنیب ملسلا تاقوأ يف رھدزتو رارقتسالا ىلع ةراضحلا موقت. 

- The civilization is based on stability and flourishes in peace times while war destroys

everything.

٤٢-ملا ةموكحلا لذبتنسحت يكل اھدھج ىراصق ةیراقالعلاینلا ضوح لود عم. 

- The Egyptian government does its best to improve the relations with The Nile Basin

countries.

٤٣-ا ةانق ربتعتموقلا لخدلا رداصم مھأ دحأ سیوس. 

- Suez canal is considered one of the most important sources of our national income.٤٤- رامثتسالا ةلودلا عجشتمداقلا لایجألل لضفأ ةایح لجأ ن. 

- The state encourages investment for a better life for the coming generations.

٤٥-ست نأ بجیدیفم ءایشأ لمع يف كغارف تقو لغ. 

- You should exploit your free time to do useful things.

٤٦-ا دوسی نأ عقوتملا نممداقلا ةلیلقلا تاونسلا يف مالس. 

- It's believed that peace will prevail in a few years' time.

٤٧- و داجلا لمعلابفادھأ ىلإ لصت نأ كنكمی ةرباثمل. 

- With hard work and patience you can achieve your goals.

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٤٨-نفی ال زنك ةعانقلا. 

- Satisfaction is a treasure that never vanishes.

٤٩-خألا ممألا اوقبس ءامدقلا نویرصملاھتاكلم و مھكولم ثثج طینحت يف ى. 

- The ancient Egyptians preceded the other nations in mummifying their kings and

queens.

٥٠

-اال

 ترشید

 اإلنتاإن

 نقص

 لمواجھة

 ضرورة

 تھالك

- Rationalizing consumption is a must to face the decrease in production (shortage of

production).

٥١-وتسدلا ءاھنإل ةلوذبملا دوھجلا حجنت نلعشلا فئاوط لك نیب ةدحولاب الإ. 

- The exerted efforts to end the constitution won't succeed without the unity among all

sects of people .

٥٢- حاورألا نم لك يف ةحداف رئاسخ قرطلا ثداوح ببستابث يف ةموكحلاو ایونس لاومألا. 

- Road accidents cause a lot of fatal loses in both lives and money yearly and the

government is asleep.

٥٣-إكلا و لامھإلا دلوت ةالابماللاشفلا ىلإ ةیاھنلا يف يدؤت امك ل. 

- Indifference leads to carelessness, laziness and finally failure.

٥٤-یضلا تقو قیدصلا. 

- A friend in need is a friend in deed.

٥٥-غلا ىلإ مویلا لمع لجؤت ال. 

- Never put off till tomorrow what can be done today.

٥٦

 وجھان

 االقتصاد

 و

 دولاألمن

 أي

 تقیم

 التي

 وھي

 واحدة

 ملة

. - Security and economy are two faces of one coin which forms any country .

٥٧-وم ىلع رداق كلعجی ةیلوئسملا لمحت نإغبنی امك تایدحتلا و باعصلا ةھج. 

- Bearing responsibility makes you able to face difficulties and challenges properly.

٥٨-رم يتاذلا ءافتكالا نإاتنإلا ةدایز و داجلا لمعلاب نو. 

- Self sufficiency is based on hard work and the increase in production.

٥٩-لإ و عیزوتلا يف ةلادع ىلإ ةجاحب نحنیحص لكشب ةنطاوملا موھفم قیبطت. 

- We need justice in distribution and to apply the concept of citizenship correctly.

٦٠

-األ

 و

 النزاعات

 تحل

 الوسال

 الحلول

 و

 بالتفاوض

 إال

 مات

. - Disputes and crises aren’t solved without negotiation and compromise.

٦١-نإاقث دیزت و كقافآ عسوت ةءارقلات. 

- Reading widens your horizons and increases your culture.

٦٢-مدب عربتلا كل قبس لھ 

- Have you ever donated your blood?

٦٣-قفاوتت امدنعیف قوثوم نوكت كلاعفأ عم كلاوقأ. 

- Once your deeds go with your words then you are a trustee person.

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٦٤-اواستم نییحیسم وأ نیملسم ءاوس نییرصملا لك نأ ينعت ةطاسبب ةنطاومجاولا و قوقحلا يف نال و تا

 .یوجد تفرقة عنصریة بینھم

- Citizenship simply means that all the Egyptians whether Muslims or Christians are equal

in rights and duties and that there is no ethnic discrimination among them.

٦٥-لاو نیكاربلا نإیعیبط ثراوك اھلك لویسلا و لزال. 

- Volcanoes, earthquakes and torrents are natural disasters.

٦٦-نم ءایحألا نم ریثك يف ةماعلا تابتكملا ئشنتءارقلا ىلع نینطاوملا عیجشت لجأ. 

- Public libraries are established in a lot of districts to encourage the citizens to read.

٦٧-طب ملاعلا يف ةنیدم يأ زیمتتایرخألا نع زیمتت اھلعجی صاخ عب. 

- Any city in the world is distinguished by a special style that makes it differ from the

others.

٦٨- بجیض يأ ضرف رثؤی ال نخدلا يدودحم ىلع ةدیدج بئا. 

- Imposing any new taxes mustn’t have any effect on people with limited income.

٦٩-دوھج ىلع ةثیدحلا رصم ءانب دمتعیقرفت وأ ءانثتسا الب اھئانبأ لك. 

- Building modern Egypt depends mainly on the efforts exerted by its sons without

exception or discrimination.

٧٠-ا معی نأ لمأنرخأ ةرم رصم ءاجرأ نامألا و نم. 

- We hope that security and safety will prevail all over Egypt again.

٧١-ھلھأو رصم ظفحا مھللامكئاعد نم مھوسنت ال. 

- May Allah protect Egypt and its people, keep them in your prayers .

٧٢-ا ةعارزللویع و ایازم ةیوضعلا ریغو ةیوضع 

 تفضل فأیھم

- Organic and inorganic farming have advantages and disadvantages so which one do you

prefer?

٧٣-ةحص ىلع ةراض راثآ ایثارو لدعملا ماعطلل نأ سانلا ضعب دقتعیتح نكلو ناسنإلالذ تبثی مل نآلا. 

- Some people think that genetically modified food has bad effects on man's health but

up till now this hasn’t been proved.

٧٤-لا لامجلا ةقئافلا ةیناجرملا باعشلاب رمحألا رحبلا لحاوس رھتشتھتیؤرب عاتمتسالل حایسلا بذجت ي. 

- The Red Sea coasts are famous for its very beautiful coral reefs which attract tourists to

enjoy seeing them.

٧٥

-

ال

 

قویة

 

أسس

 

على

 

بلدنا

 

نبني

 

أن

 

جمیعا

 

مسئولیتنا

 

األفراإنھا

 

أو

 

الحكومات

 

بتغیر

 

تتأثر

- It's our responsibility all to build our country on strong bases that (which) aren’t

affected by the change of governments or individuals.

٧٦-لا ىلع اجاجتحا يندملا نایصعلل تاوعد كانھوھدتملا يداصتقالا و يسایسلا عض. 

- There are calls for civil disobedience protesting about the deteriorating economic and

political position.

٧٨

-أحدثت

 التي

 الحدیثة

 التكنولوجیا

 على

 عالوة

 المباني

 تصمیم

 في

 كبیر

 دور

 الھندسةللمناخ

 في

 ھائلة

 طفرة

 .العمرانیة

- The climate plays a big role in designing buildings in addition to the technology which

has made a great breakthrough / leap in architecture.

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٧٩-میحر ریغ ةعیبطلا ودبت ىرخأ انایحأ نكل و انایحأ ناسنإلا ھیف رصتنی ةعیبطلاو ناسنإلا نیب مئاد عارص كانھ. 

- There is a continuous conflict between man and nature in which man sometimes

triumphs but some other times the nature seems merciless.

٨٠-وقت امب يعو ىلع نوكت نأ بجی كلذل كلاعفأ اضیأو كلاوقأ نع لوئسم تنأدنلا نم ةدئاف ال ھنأل ھلعفتو ھ. 

- You are responsible for your sayings as well as your deeds so you should be aware of

what you do or say as it's no use regretting.٨١-نإصولاب ةوجرملا ھفادھأ میلعتلا ققحی ىتح يرذج حالصإ ىلإ ةجاحب رصم يف ةیمیلعتلا ةسایسلاىلإ ل

 .نھضة شاملة في كل المجاالت

- The educational policy in Egypt needs a radical reform so that the education can achieve

its desired aims by reaching a comprehensive renaissance in all fields.

٨٢-نأ بجی امك لكك عمتجملا ىلع ةئیس راثآ نم اھل امل اھبنجتن نأ اعیمج انیلع بجی كلذل ةضیغب ةفص ةینانألا نإ

 .د إال نفسھ و رغباتھ و اھتماماتنقاطع الشخص األناني ألنھ ال یفكر في شيء أو في أح

- Egotism is a nasty trait so all of us should avoid it for its bad effects on the whole

society. an egotist should be boycotted as he thinks of nothing or no one but himself and

his desires and interests.٨٣-سملاو لدعلا ىلع مئاق مالسو ةدیجم برح دعب اھتمارك و اھتناكم و اھضرأ رصم تداعتسا ءانیس ةدوعباو. 

- With the return of Sinai, Egypt restored its position and dignity after a glorious war and

peace based on justice and equality.

٨٤-رق بحأالفألا ةدھاشم نم رثكأ صصقلا ةء. 

- I prefer reading stories to watching films.

٨٥-طولا ءادعأ نم ریثكلا لواحینكلو ةینطولا ةدحولا جیسن رسكل بعشلا تائف نیب ةیفئاطلا ةنتفلا لیتف لاعشإ

 .ون و ستبقى مصر كیان واحد متالحعبثا ما یحاول

- Many of the homeland's enemies try to light the fuse of sectarian discord among the

brackets of the people to break the tissue of the national unity but vainly do they try andEgypt will remain one cohered structure.

٨٦-ھتیبرت نسحن نأ و نامدإلا و فارحنالا نم مھتیامح بجی كلذل اھتراضح يعناص و ةمألا دامع مھ بابشلا نإ. 

- The youth are the pillar of the nation and its civilization makers so we should protect

them from deviation and addiction and improve their up-bringing (bring them up well).

٨٧-یاغ سیلو ةلیسو لاملا نإتیمھأ مغر ةداعسلا بلجی ال وھف. 

- Money is a means not an end, as it does not bring happiness, despite its importance.

٨٨-غتأ نأ عیطتسا ال يننأ ةجردل رصمل نینحلاب رعشا بھذأ امنیأایرغملا تناك امھم الیوط اھنع ب. 

- Wherever I go I feel so homesick to Egypt that I can't keep away from it for so long

whatever the temptations are.٨٩-ریخلا لك دیدجلا ماعلا بلجی نأ لمأن انلكت يتلا تابارطضالاو نتفلا نم اھبعش يمحی و رصملرشنت و نمألا دد

والخراب

 الجریمة

- We all hope that the new year will bring Egypt all good and protect its people from

discords and disturbances which threaten security and spread crime and havoc.

٩٠-الولن تابثإ ءاملعلا عاطتسا ام بیرجتلایلمع جئاتن ىلإ لوصولا و مھتایر. 

- Without experimenting, scientists wouldn’t be able to prove their theories and reach

practical results.

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٩١-كلمی نم وھ يوقلاف طیسب ءيش يأ نم بضغت الأ و كلاعفأ دودر ىلع رطیست نأ بجینضغلا دنع ھس. 

- You Should control your reactions and not feel angry about any simple thing as the

strong person is that who controls (holds) himself during anger.

٩٢-الا صقانت وأ داصتقالا شمكنا امھم لخدلا يدودحم ىلع ةدیدج بئارض يأ ضرف رثؤی ال نأ بجیيطایت

 .النقدي

- Imposing any new taxes mustn’t have any effect on people with limited incomewhatever the economy contracted or the monetary spare declined.

٩٣-ت الضیأ بوؤدلا لمعلا و دیجلا طیطختلاب نكلو هدحو سامحلاب تازاجنإلا ققح. 

- Achievements aren’t made by only enthusiasm but also by good planning and

continuous work.

٩٤-تیمھأل نیكردم ریغ ھنورمدی سانلا كلذ عمو نمثب ردقت ال ةورث ينطولا انثارت نإ. 

- Our national heritage is a priceless wealth but there are people who destroy it unaware

of its importance.

٩٥

-الصحیح

 الدیمقراطیة

 قواعد

 إرساء

 و

 األمن

 استعادة

 في

 یساھموا

 أن

 المواطنین

 كل

 على

- All citizens should contribute to restoring security and putting the bases of true

democracy.

٩٦-قلقی ام ریبك لكشب ملاعلا ءاحنأ يف ةیلاملا تامزألا ترشتنا دقل ریثكلاعلا لبقتسم ىلع سانلا ن. 

- Financial crisis have spread all over the world so much that many people are worried

about the future of the world.

٩٧-ایخلا صصقلا ةءارق سانلا نم ریثك لضفیراثإ و قیوشت نم ھب زیمتت امل ةی. 

- Many people prefer reading fictional stories as they are distinguished by suspense and

excitement.

٩٨-ةحلم ةرورض كالھتسالا دیشرت حبصأ دقلینازیملا و جاتنإلا صقن ةھجاومل. 

- Rationalizing consumption has become an urgent necessity to face the shortage of

production and the budget.

٩-راضح كولس ةفاظنلا. 

- Cleanliness is a civilized behavior (behaviour).

١٠٠-تسالا و جحلا ةضیرف ءادأب ناكم لك يف نوملسملا لك ملحیسدقملا يضارألا يف ةماقإلاب عات. 

- All Muslims all over the world dream of making pilgrimage and enjoying staying in theholy lands.

١٠١-ا فوسك نإرت املق ةیعیبط ةرھاظ يلكلا سمش ھتدھاشم ىلع سانلا صرحی كلذل. 

- The total solar eclipse is a natural phenomenon that (which) is rarely seen so people

care about watching it.

١٠٢-ثاو تنك املك ةیلمع براجتب تمق املكو كثاحبأ نم اتایرظن. 

- The more practical experiments you do, the more confident of your theories and

researches you are.

١٠٣

- و

 سنوات

 أربع

 كل

 تقام

 دولیة

 مسابقة

 العالم

 كأس

 الخمسإن

 للقارات

 ممثلین

 فیھا

 شارك

. - The world cup is an international competition held every 4 years and parcipants from

the five continents participate in it.

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١٠٤- تارھاظملا املاط رارقتسا دجوی نلابارضإلارمتسم تاماصتعالا و. 

- There will be no stability as long as the demonstrations, strikes and sittings in are

continuous (occur continuously).

١٠٥

-شاھد

 و

 المصریین

 كل

 ذاكرة

 في

 المجید

 أكتوبر

 نصر

 منسیبقى

 تضحیتھ

 و

 المصري

 الجندي

 عظمة

 على

كرام

 المسلوبأجل

 أرضھا

 استرداد

 و

 بلده

 ة

- The glorious victory of October will remain in the memory of all Egyptians and be a

witness to the greatness of the Egyptian soldier and his sacrifice for the dignity of his

country and restoring its usurped land.

١٠٦-لاعلا دسلا ربتعیصم اھتذفن يتلا تاعورشملا مظعأ نأ امك  حمى مصر من خطرفھو یمدنا بالكھربا

 .الفیضان والجفاف

- The High Dam is considered one of the greatest projects that Egypt carried out as it

provides us with electricity and protects Egypt from the danger of floods and drought.

١٠٧-لع مھدعاست يكل تاھبنملا لامعتسا ىلإ بالطلا نم ریثك أجلیداف أطخ اذھو رخأتم تقول رھسلا. 

- A lot of students resort to use stimulants to help them stay up late and this is a fatal

mistake. 

١٠٨

 وھذا

 تاریخھ

 في

 السابعة

 للمرة

 األفریقیة

 األمم

 بكأس

 بفوزه

 قیاسیا

 رقما

 المصري

 القومي

 الفریق

 جازحقق

 الالعبیی

 من

 الجیل

 لھذا

 حسب

- The Egyptian national team made a record as they won The African nations' cup for

seven times in their history and this is an achievement which is considered for this

generation of players.١٠٩-ی نأ بجیھرورش نم عمتجملا يمحن ىتح نومرجملا بقاع. 

- Criminals should be punished to protect the society from their danger.

١١٠-بازحألا نیب مادص ثدحی نأ ةیشخ ةنورملا نم ریثكلا جاتحی ةسایسلاب لاغتشالاىلع رثؤی يذلا و ةفلتخملا

 .البالد

- Working in politics needs a lot of flexibility lest there should be a clash among the

different parties which affects the country badly.

١١١

 فقدتھ

 ما

 تعوض

 حتى

 جھدك

 قصارى

 ابذل

 و

 لألمام

 دائما

 انظر

 و

 أبدا

 بالیأس

 تشعر

 افتقدتال

 ما

- Never feel desperate. always look ahead and do your best to compensate/make up forwhat you have lost or missed.

١١٢-لعت ام اریثكایحلا نع ائیش ةیبعشلا صصقلا ان. 

- Folk stories often teach us something about life.

١١٣-نأل رتویبمكلا نع ةلود يأ ينغتست الثیدحلا ةایحلا نم أزجتی ال   .جز

- Any country can't do without the computer as it's part and parcel of the modern life.

١١٤-واحتنب قیرط نع رورملا تالكشم لح ةموكحلادیدج يرابك و قرط . 

- The government is trying to solve traffic problems by constructing new roads and

flyovers.

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١١٥-ناطخ دشری نأ ھلأسن و هللا ىلإ انیدیأ عفرن نأ بجینتایح يف نیھئات انعدی ال نأ و. 

- We should raise our hands to Allah and ask him to guide our steps and not to let us go

astray in our lives.

١١٦-ایدحتلاب

 دوما

 مملو ة

 ا حیاتك

 فمن

 كلفضلولذلك

 من

 الرغم

 على

 اكبر

 بسعادة

 عیشھا

 تقرر

 ن

 .التحدیات

- Your life is always full of challenges, so it's best to decide living happy in spite of all the

challenges.

١١٧-ىلإ لشفلاو لامھإلا لیوحت عیطتست ةمیكح ةرادإ كانھ نوكی نأ دبالىلع  التزام ونجاح باإلضافة إلى القضا

 الجمھوریة  .الفساد المستشري في أنحا

-There must be a wise management that can change failure and negligence to

commitment and success in addition to eradicating the corruption spreading all over the

republic.

١١٨-لطتی   الیدوي  العمل  الذكاإن  یعد  بینما  بالممارسة  تكتسب  المھنمھارة  في  النجاح  عوامل  أھم أحد

 .األكادیمیة

- Manual work requires a skill gained by practice while intelligence is considered one of

the most important success factors in the academic professions.

١١٩

-المصري

 الشارع

 تؤرق

 التي

 الجائلین

 الباعة

 لمشكلة

 حاسمة

 حلول

 إیجاد

 الضروري

 رئیسيألنھمن

 سبب

المروري

 یتجزلالختناق

 ال

 جز

 كونھم

 إلى

 باإلضافة

 شوارعنا

 معظم

 كلفي

 في

 مؤخر

 انتشرت

 التي

 الجریمة

 من

 .مكان

- It's necessary to find crucial solutions to the problem of vendors which is disturbing the

Egyptian street as they are a main reason for the traffic jam in most of our streets inaddition to being part and parcel of the crime spreading everywhere lately.

١٢٠-راوحلابةعراصتملا فارطألا نیب ةوادعلل ةیاھن عضوتو تاعازنلا ىوستبارخلا الإ بلجی ال فنعلا  بینما

 .والدمار

- By talk, disputes are settled and an end to the enmity / hostility between the conflicting

parties is put , while violence brings nothing but destruction / ruin and havoc.

١٢١

-بشكل

 للغایة

 المھم

 الملف

 ھذا

 مع

 تتعامل

 أن

 البلد

 تدیر

 حكومة

 أي

 على

 لذلك

 خطر

 في

 المائي

 مصر

 أمن

 إن

إیجابي

- Egypt's water security is in danger, so any government running the country shouldtackle this extremely important file positively.

١٢٢-سانلا نم ریثك اھل ضرعتی يتلا ةعاجملا ةلكشم لح يف اھماھسإ وھ ةیوضع ریغلا ةعارزلا ایازم دحأ نإ

 .وباألخص في أفریقیا

- One advantage of inorganic farming is its contributing to solving the problem of

starvation that many people especially in the African countries are exposed to.

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 معاني الكلمات الواردة بجمل الترجمة السابقة

 الكلم معناھ الكلم معناھا

 valuable1قی  wealth 15ثروة

قدرة

 ability 16 

قوم

 national

2  youthشباب

  prosperityالرخا

  witnessشاھ/تشھد

17 

  welfareالرفاھیة

  remarkableواض/بارز  master 3یتق

  growthنمو  terrorismاإلرھا

4   dignityكرامة

19 

  economyاقتصاد

  gloriousمجید  negativeسلب

نصر

 victory مواط

 citizen 6 

  Thanks toبفضل  productionإنتا

  The Arab Leagueالجامعة العربیة

20 

  renaissanceنھضة

  Effective roleدور فعال " adaptable8صف"متأقلم

" Innerصف"داخلي  Climatic conditionsأحوال مناخی

9   disputesخالفات

  directمباش

  amongstبین  Life styleأسلوب حیا/نمط

  aggressionعدوان  fairمعر

10 النظام

 discipline

21 

مھرجان

 festival 

 fulfillیفي  severalالعدی

  Keep promisesیفي بوعوده  Self dependentمعتمد على نفس

11   consequencesعواقب

23   Care forیعتني ب/یھتم

  awareواعي  instinct 12الفطر

  tamingترویض25 

  benefitیستفی/فائدة

13  requireیتطلب

  experiencesخبرا

یترقى

 get promoted 26 یتعر

 acquaint   Catch diseasesیصاب بمرض

29   cultureثقاف

 produceینتج  Developing countriesالدول النامی

14 

 electionsانتخابات

30

 " Suffer " fromیعاني

  presidencyالرئاسة  illiteracyأمی

 intenseمحمو/عنیف/شدید  povertyفق

  rivalryتنافس ignoranceجھ

  throneعرش  ambitionطمو

15 الدولة

 The state 31 للخار

 Abroad

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 الكلم معناھ الكلم معناھا

  improveیحسن42 

  The stateالدول

31  The Nile Basinحوض النیل

  encounterیواج

  national incomeالقومالدخل43 

  collapseانھیا

مصادر

 sourcesیعتب

 Is considered 

32 

  encourageیشجع44 

  giantعمال

  generationجیل  investmentاستثما

  exploit 45یستغل  contribute to + v+ingیساھم ف

 traffic congestionاختناق مرور  prevail 46یسو/یعم

  patience47المثابر/الصبر  universeالكو

33   satisfactionالرض/ القناعة

48   revealیكش

 vanishیفنى  bloodshedسفك الدما

34 سبق

/تقد

 precede 49

األبریا

 Innocent  nationأمة

  The soulالنف/الروح

 mummifyingتحنیط " trimأظاف"یقص/یھذب

 rationalizingترشید

50 

 call forیدعو إلى

 consumptionاستھالك  breakthroughطفر

35   globalعالم  shortage / decreaseنقص

  exertیبذل

51 

  readinessاستعداد36 

  effortمجھود enableمكی

دستور

 constitution طالقة

/فصاح

 fluent37 

  unityوحدة  extravaganceاإلسرا

38   sectsطوائف

  habitعاد

   get rid ofیتخلص من  fatal 52فادح

 Indifferenceالالمباالة

53 

 " financialصفة"مالي

39   carelessnessاإلھمال

  crisisأزم

 negligenceاإلھمال  stormیعص

  slothالكسل media campaignsحمالت إعالمی

40 

یؤجل

 put off = delay55 الوع

 awareness 

 difficultiesالصعاب

57 

  citizenمواطن

 responsibilityالمسئولیة  concernیتعلق ب

 challengesالتحدیات  family planningتنظیم األسر

 properlyكما ینبغي  civilizationحضار

41   bearیتحمل

  based onتقوم عل

 الذاتي  self sufficiency58االكتفا  stabilityاالستقرا

عدالة

  justice 59 یزدھ

 flourish 

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معناھا

 الكلم

 معناھ

 الكلم

 

  inorganicغیر عضوي

72 

  applyیطبق

59   advantagesمزایا

  conceptمفھو

  disadvantagesعیوب citizenshipالمواطن

یعدل

 modify 

73 

التوزیع

 distribution 

  geneticallyوراثیا Negotiationتفاو

60   up till nowحتى اآلن

  compromiseحل وس

  coral reefsشعاب مرجانیة74 

  widenیوس61

  attractیجذب  horizonsآفا

 basesقواع/ركائز/أسس75

 donate62یتبر

 individualفرد deedsأفعا

63یحتج

 protest about 

76

تتوافق

 go with   civil disobedienceعصیان مدني

  cope withسایی

 " politicalصف"سیاسي  catch up withسایی

  positionوضع  trustee personشخص ثقة

  Christiansالمسیحیی  deteriorationتدھور

64 

  climateالمناخ

78 

 equalمتساوي

  roleدور  Rights and dutiesحقوق وواجبا

  breakthroughطفرة  ethnicعرق

  architectureھندسة معماریة  discriminationتفرق

  volcanoesالبراكی  leapطفرة

65 

  conflictصراع

79 

 earthquakesالزالزل

  triumphینتصر  torrentsالسیو

  floodsالفیضانا  seemیبدو

  mercilessغیر رحیم Hurricanesاألعاصی

  regret 80یندم  Natural disastersكوارث طبیعی

إصالح

 reform 

81 

ینشئ

 establish 66 

  comprehensiveشامل  districtsأحیا

 policyسیاسة  distinguished byتتمیز ب

67   radicalجذري

  Differ fromتختلف ع

  overallشامل  imposingفر

68   aimsأھداف

  taxesضرائ

 desireیرغب  limitedمحدو

بغیض

 nasty 82 استثنا

 exception 69   egotismأنانیة

 organic 72عضو

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 الكلم معناھ الكلم معناھا

  anger 91الغضب  egotistأنان

82  contractیعق/ینقص

92 

  traitصفة

نقدي

 monetary المجتم

 society   spareاحتیاط/فائض

  boycottمقاطع/یقاط

  declinedنق/قل   justiceالعد

83  enthusiasmحماس

93   equalityالمساوا

 zealحماس  lightیشع

85 

  heritageتراث

94 

  fuseفتیل

  pricelessال یقدر بثمن sectarianالطائفی

  unawareغیر واعي  discordالفتن

ممیز

 distinguished 

97 

طوائف

 brackets 

 fictionalخیالي  tissueنسی

 suspenseتشویق  vainlyعبثا

  excitementإثارة  remainیبق

  budget98المیزانیة  coheredملتح

  cleanlinessالنظافة99

  structureھیك/كیا

  behavior/behaviourسلوك  pillarعما

86 

 Pilgrimageفریضة الحج

100 

  deviationانحرا

مقدس

 Holyإدما

 addiction 

الشمس

 كسوف

 solar eclipse 101 

یرب

 bring up

 phenomenonظاھرة  meansوسیل

87   practicalعملي

102 

  an endغای/نھایة

نظریة

 theoryمغریا

 temptations 88 

 researchبحث  homesicknessالحنین للوط

  participantsمشاركون103 

  crimeجریم

89 

مسابقة

 competitionخرا

 havoc 

  sit inیعتصم

104

  criminalمجرم

  sitting inاعتصام  discordsالفت

یحدث

 occur = take place تھد

 threaten 

 strikeإضراب  disturbancesاالضطرابا

  demonstrationsمظاھرة  experimentingالتجری

90 استقرار

 stability نظری

 theory 

  remainیبقى105 

 practicalعمل

عظمة

 greatness

 فع

 رد

 reaction

 91

 

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 الكلم معناھ الكلم معناھا

  Prayیدعو/یصلي

115 

  soldierجندي

105 

یرفع

 Raiseتضحی

 sacrifice 

یرشد

 Guideكرام

 dignity 

 Astrayتائھ  usurpedمسلو

  challengeتحدي116 

  carry outینف

106    In spite ofبالرغم من

  provideیزو

  managementإدارة

117

  droughtالجفاف

  negligenceاإلھمال  resortیلج/ملجأ

107   commitmentالتزام

 stimulantsمنبھا

الجمھوریة

 republic یسھ

 stay up late   manual workالعمل الیدوي

118 fatalفادح

  factorعامل  flexibility 109مرون

  crucialحاسم

119 

 lestخشیة110 

  vendorالباعة الجائلین clashصدا

  disturbضای/یقلق  desperateمفقد لألم/باعث

111  ال یتجزأ   part and parcelجز

  compensateیعو

  enmity / hostilityالعداوة

120 

  make up forیعوض

  ruinالدمار  folk112شعب

  havocالخراب  do withoutیستغن

113   tackle = deal with 121یتعامل مع

 ال یتجز  part and parcelجز

  inorganic farmingالزراعة غیر العضویة

122

  modern lifeالحیاة الحدیثة

 starvationمجاعة  governmentالحكوم

114   famineمجاعة

 constructبنا

إلى

 یتعرض

 expose to علوی

 كباري

 flyovers

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abandonیھجacreفدان

abbeyدیacrossعبر

abbreviationاختصاact onیتصرف وفق

abnormalغیر طبیعacuteذكي/حاد

abolishلغ/یمحوadapt toیتكیف

abolitionإلغاaddictionإدمان

abortionإجھاadditionإضافة

abruptlyفجأadequateمناس/كافي

absentغائadherenceتالح/تماسك

absolutelyقطعاadjacentقری/متاخم

absorbیمت/یستوعبadjustیتكی/یعدل

absorptionامتصا/استیعابadjustmentتعدیل

قبول

admissionخالص

abstractabsurdسخیadmitیعترف

abundantكثی/وفیرadolescentیاف/مراھق

accentلھجadoptیتبنى

acceptableمقبوadultبالغ

acceptanceقبوadventureمغامرة

accessوصوadverseمعاك/سلبي

accessibleیمكن الوصول إلیھadvocateالدفامحامي

accidentحادaestheticجمالي

accommodateالئ/یستضیفaffectionعاطفة

accommodationاإلقامaffinityلف/قرابة/انجذاب

accompanyیرافaffluent = wealthyثري

accomplishmentإكما/إنجازaffordیتحمل

accordاتفا/یوافقaggregateإجمالي

according toطبقا لaggressionعدوان

شیخوخة

/تعمی

agingوفق

accordingly

accountحساagonyسكرة المو/عذاب

زراعة

agricultureتراك

accumulationaccuracyدقaim = end = goalغایة

accurateدقیair lines officeطیرامكتب

accuratelyبدقaliensأجان/غربا /مغتربین

accusationاتھاalignمحاذاة

accuseیتھallegationزع/ادعا

accusedمتھallianceتحالف

acidحمallocationتوزیع

acknowledgementاعتراallyحلیف

acquaintanceتعرف على شيaltarمذبح

acquisitionاكتساalterیتبد/یتغیر

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alterationتعدی/تغییرartificialصناعي

alternativeبدیascertainتأكد من

altogetherتماماashرماد

altruismإیثارashamedخجالن

amateurھاوaspectجانب

ambassadorسفیaspirationطموح

ambiguityغموassassinateیشو/یغتال

ambiguousغامassaultیعتد/اعتدا

ambitiousطموassembleیتجمع

amendیعدassertiveجازم

م amuseیروassessقد/یق

amusementتسلیassessmentتقدی/تقییم

مھمة

/تكلی

assignmentسل

ancestoranniversaryالذكرى السنویassociateشری/مساعد

annoyanceانزعا/ازعاجassociationتراف/مؤسسة/جمعیة

annualسنوassumeیفترض

anonymousمجھوassumptionافتراض

antibodyالجسم المضاassuranceتوكی/ضمان

anticipationحد/توقعassureیؤك/یضمن

anxiousقل/منفعلastonishیدھش

 السیاس/ملجأ appallingمروasylumحق اللجو

appendیلحattachmentمرف/ملحق

appendixملحattainیحق/یصل

ی/بلوغ

attainmentیھشappetite

applicantمتقدم لوظیفattemptمحاولة

appraisalتقییattentiveمنتبھ

appreciateقدرattitudeموق/إتجاه

سمة

/میز

attributeتقدی

appreciation

approachمنھ/مفھومauction = saleمزاد

یأذن

/یسم

authoriseمناسب

/الئ

appropriateapproximatelyتقریباauthorityنفو/سلطة

aquariumحوض السمautonomousمستقل

arbitraryاعتباط/تعسفيautonomyالحكم الذاتي

arbitrationتحكیavailableمتا/متوفر

archaeologicalأثرavariceجش/بخل

architectمھندس معمارavenueكورنی/وسیلة إلى

architectureالھندسة المعماریaverageمتوسط

ariseینشaviationطیران

ب

armedمسلavoidanceتج

armor / armourدرawaitیترق/ینتظر

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arouseاستح/أیقظ/أثارawarenessوعي

articulateیتكلم بوضوawfulمخیف

awkwardغیر مالئ/أخرقbileالنكد

axiomsبدیھیا/مسلماتbilingualیتحدث لغتین

axisمحوbirth controlتنظیم النسل

(bachelorرج(أعزب bitterمر

backیؤز/یدعمblackmailابتزا/یبتز

backboneعمود فقر/عمادbleakكئیب

backingدعbleedینزف

backwardمتخلblessingركة

bacteriaبكتیریblizzardعاصفة ثلجیة

 المزاblowتھ/ضربة bad-temperedسي

عالوة

/إضاف

bonusكفال

bailbalanceتواز/رصیدbookletكتیب

balancedمتوازboomازدھار

ballotیقتر/االقتراعboostزیادة

bankruptیعلن إفالس/مفلسbordersحدود

bankruptcyإفالboroughمنطقة إداریة

barbarismھمجیbotherیزعج

barelyبالكاbounceارتداد

bargainیساو/صفقةboundariesحدود

 شجر" /كل"ینبحbowانحنا /ینحني/قوس barkلحا

barragesقناطbrainy = brilliant atعبقر/ذكي

barrelبرمیbranchفرع

barrierحاجbrandعالمة تجاریة

barterمقایضةbreachمخالف/خرق

baseقاعد/ركیزةbreakdownانھیار

صدر

breastأساس

basic

basisأساbreedساللة

نسیم

breezeدفع

batchbattleمعركbribeرشوة

bayخلیbriberyرشوة

beamشعاbrickلبنة

begیتسو/یسأل/یلتمسbrideعروس

behalfألجل مصلح/باسمbriefأمر قضائ/خالصة

behaveیتصرbrigadeلوا

beliefالمعتقbring up = raiseربي

beltحزاbrochureكتیب

beneathتحbrokerسمسار

beneficialمفیbruiseكدمة

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betرھاbudgetمیزانیة

betrayأفشى سر/خانbulkحجم

beyondإلى ما وراbulletرصاصة

biasانحیاbulletinنشرة

bumpنتوchargeیتھ/تھمة

bunchباقcharityجمعیة خیریة

bundleرزم/باقةcharmجما/سحر

burdenحم/عبcharmingجذا/ساحر

bureauالمكتchartرسم بیاني

bureaucracyبیروقراطیcharterیستأج/عقد

burialدفcheatingغش

burstینفجcheerتشجی/ابتھاج

الصیدلي

chemistیدف

burycab = taxiسیارة أجرchimneyمدخنة

 مجلسChristianمسیحي cabinetمرحا/الوزرا

campaignحمل(chronicمر(مزمن

cancerالسرطاcirculationتداول

candidateمرشcircumstanceظرف

capقبع/غطاciteیستشھد بـ

capabilityقدر citizenمواطن

capitalرأس ما/عاصمةcitizenshipواجبات المواط/مواطنیة

capitalismرأسمالیcivil servantموظف حكومي

captivateیأس/یسحر/یفتنcivilianمدني

car rental agencyمحل إیجار السیاراcivilityكیاس/لطف

caravanقافلcivilizationحضارة

cargoحمولclaimمطالبة

carnivoreآكل اللحوclarifyیوضح

carriageنقclarityوضوح

cattleماشیclashصدام

تصنیف

classificationسبب

/قضی

causecautionحز/الحذرclassifyیصنف

cautiousحذclauseبن/جملة

cavityحفر/تجویفclawsمخال)/إنسا(أصابع

ceilingسقcliffمنحدر صخر/جرف

cellarقبclingیتماس/یتشبث

cemeteryمقبرcloningاستنساخ

censusتعداد السكاclosureإغالق

(chainمطاع(سلسل/یكبلclumsyغیر متقن

chairmanرئیcoachمدرب

chalkطباشیcoalفحم

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chancellorالمستشاcoalitionتحالف

chaosفوضcoastalساحلي

chapelكنیسة صغیرcockyمغرو/بنفسھمزھو

chapterفصcoexistenceتعایش

characteristicممی/میزة/خاصیةcoherenceتالحم/تماسك

characterizationوصcoherentمتماسك

coincideتطاب/تزامنcomplicateیتعقد

د

coincidenceمصادف/صدفةcomplicatedمعق

collaborateیتعاوcomplyیطی/یمتثل

collaborationتعاوcomponentمكو/عنصر

collapseانھیا/ینھارcomposeیشك/ؤلف

"collarعنق حیوا"طوق/یاقcomposerمؤلف

تركیب

/تألی

compositionزمی

colleaguecollusionمؤامر/تواطؤcompoundمجمع مبان/مركب

colonelكولونی/عقیدcomprehensiveشامل

colonialاستعمارcompriseیشتم/یشمل/یؤلف

colonyمستعمرcompromiseتسوی/توافق/حل وسط

colossalجبا/ضخمcompulsoryقھر/إلزامي

colourlessشاح/عدیم اللونconceitغرور

combمشconceiveیتخی/یتصور

كز

combatمعرك/قتال concentrateر

combinationمجموعconceptمفھوم

commandیقو/قیادةconcernشأن

commanderقائconcerningبشأ/فیما یتعلق

commemorateیحیي ذكرconcessionامتیاز

commentaryتعلیconcludeیستنت/ص إلىیخ

commentatorالمعلconclusionاستنتاج

commerceالتجارconcreteملموس/واقعیة

commercialإعالن تلفزیوني تجارconductسلوك

موصل

conductorلجن

committeecommodityسلعconferیتشاور

commonمشتر/شائعconferenceمؤتمر

communityمجتمconfess = admitیعترف

compactاتفاقی/میثاقconfidentialسري

companionرفیconfigurationتشكیل

comparisonمقارنconflictصراع

compartmentحجرة صغیرconformیتكیف

compassionشفق/حنوconfrontationتحد/مواجھة

compatibleمتوافconfusionخل/ارتباك/لبس

compelیفرض بالقو/تجبرcongratulateیھنئ

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compensateعوcongratulationتھنئة

compensationتعویcongregationتجمع

 /اختصاصconquerیتغل/یحتل/یقھر competenceكفا

competentمؤھ/مختصconquerorفات/محتل

compileصن/یؤلف/یجمعconscienceالضمیر

complaintشكوconsciousواع

complementتكملconsciousnessإدرا/وعي

complementaryمكمconsensusإجما/توافق في اآلرا

consentیواف/موافقةcontraryالعكس

consequenceعاقب/نتیجةcontribute to + ingیساھم في

conservationصیان/حفظcontributionإسھام

consistentمتناس/متسقcontroversyجدا/خالف

نقاھة

/للشفا

 تماثل

convalescenceیواس

consoleconsonantمتواف/منسجمconventionalتقلیدي

conspicuousبار/واضح/جليconversationمحادثة

conspiracyمؤامرconvictionإدانة

constableموظف كبیconvinceیقنع

constantمستمconvincingمقنع

(constipationقبض المعد(إمساكcooperateیتعاون

constituencyدائرة انتخابیcooperationالتعاون

constituentتأسیسcoordinateینسق

(constituteتشری(یسن/یشكلcopشرطي

constitutionدستوcopeیتغل/یواجھ

constitutionalدستورcopyrightحقوق الطبع

constraintقیوcoreصمی/ب/جوھر

consulateقنصلیcorporationالحكومة

"consultantخبیدكتو"مستشار(corporationمجموعة شركا(ھیئة

consumptionاستھالكcorpsفیلق

contaminationتلوcorpseجثة

بین

 یربط

correlateیتفكر

/یتأم

contemplatecontemptازدراcorrelationارتباط

contemptuousمحقcorridorروا/ممر

contentمحتوcorrosionتآكل

contextسیاcorruptionفساد

ف contractینكم/عقدcostlyمك

contractionانكماcostumeمالب/زي

contractorالمقاو/المتعھدcoughیسع/سعال

contractualتعاقدcounsellorمستشار

contradictیناق/یتعارضcounterpartنظیر

contradictionالتناقcountrysideالریف

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countyإقلی/مقاطعةdashیندف/اندفاع

coupانقالdatabaseقاعدة بیانات

courtesyمجاملdatumمعطیات

courtyardفناdawnفجر

covenantمیثا/عھدdeadlineالموعد النھائي

coverageالتغطیdeafأصم

cowardجباdeafenأبكم

crawlیتقدم ببط/یزحفdebateمناظر/مناقشة

creationخdebtید

creatureمخلوdebtorمدین

credibilityمصداقی"decadeسنوا٠"عقد

credibleموثوdecayتعف/اضمحالل

خداع

deceitدائ

creditorcreedالعقیدdecentكری/الئق

creepینس/یزحفdecision-makingصنع القرار

crisisأزمdecisiveحاسم

criterionمعیاdeclarationتصری/إعالن

criticالناقdeclareیصر/علن

criticalنقد/حرجdecomposeینح/یتحلل

crookمحتا/خطافdecorateزخر/قلد وساما

crownتو/تاجdecreeمرسوم

crucialحاسdedicateیكرس

crudeنفط خاdeedعم/وثیقة

cruiseجولdefeatیھز/ھزیمة

crushیسح/یطحنdefectخلل

cultivationزراعdefendیدافع

cumbersomeبطي/ثقیلdefenseالدفاع

cureعال/عالجdeferیرج/یؤجل

curiosityفضوdeficiencyعج/نقص

ناقص

/ضعی

deficientفضول

curiouscurriculumمنھاج الدراسdeficitعجز

curseیلع/لعنةdefineیعر/حدد

curtainستارdefiniteواض/مؤكد

curveمنحنdegenerateفاسد األخال/منحل

"customجماعی"عادةdejectionكآب/اكتئاب

customsجمار/رسوم جمركیةdelegationوفد

cutting offتخفیdeliberateمتعمد

cylinderأسطوانdelicateدقیق

dampرطdemeritsعیوب

dareیجر/جسارة/جرأةdemolishیھدم

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demonstrationمظاھرdiffuseینتش/منتشر

denialإنكاdignityكرامة

denoteیرم/یدلdilemmaمأز/معضلة

denounceشجdisabledمعاق

denseكثیdisadvantagesعیو/مساوئ

densityكثافdisapproveیرفض

dentistطبیب أسناdisarmینزع السالح

departmentإدارdisarmamentنزع السالح

departureرحیdisasterكارثة

dependenceاعتماdiscardینبذ

dependencyاعتماد على الغی/تبعیةdiscernیفھ/یتبین

depictیصdisciplinaryصار/انضباطي

نظام

/انضبا

disciplineتأس

deploredepositیترس/ودیعةdiscomfortمشقة

depressedمكتئdiscontentمستا/استیا

depressionاالكتئاdiscordفتنة

deprivationحرماdiscountخصم

depriveیحرdiscouragementتثبیط

descendantsأحفا/أخالفdiscriminationتمییز

desertedمھجورdisguiseیتنكر

deserveیستحdisgustingمقرف

desirableمرغوب فیdishonestغیر أمین

despairییأ/یأسdismissalإقالة

desperateیائdispense withیستغني عن

despiteعلى الرغم م/إھانةdisplaceیھج/یزیح

destinationالوجھ/المقصدdispleasureاستیا

destinyمصیdisposalالتصرف

detainیسج/یعتقلdisputeنزا/خالف

deterیردdisregardیتجاھ/تجاھل

یعطل

disruptیتدھو

deterioratedeterminationتصمی/تحدیدdisruptionتشوی/تعطیل

deviateینحرdissatisfactionاستیا

deviationاالنحراdissatisfyیخیب األمل

devil = Satanشیطاdissidentمنشق

deviseیبتك/یصممdissipateیبد/یتبدد

رسdissolveیحل

ص/یك

devoteیخ

diagnoseشخdissuadeیقنع أال

diagnosisتشخیص الداdistantبعید

diamondماdistinctionتمیز

 م diarrheaإسھا(distinguishableشخ(میز

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(distinguishedشي(تمیز مeconomicsعلم االقتصاد

distortionتشویeconomistعالم اقتصاد

distractیلھ/یصرف االنتباهeconomyاقتصاد

distressمحنedificeصرح

distributionتوزیeditionطبعة

districtمنطق/حي editorمحرر

disturbیزعeffectiveفعال

disturbanceاضطراeffectivenessفعالیة

divisionsفئاefficiencyكفا ة

divorceطال/یطلقefficientكف/فعال

do withoutیستغني عeffortمجھود

doctrineعقید/مذھبegoغرور

أنانیة

/غرو

egotismتوثی

documentationdomeقبegotistأناني

domesticألی/محليelaborateیفصل

dominateیسیط/یھیمنelectionsانتخابات

dominationھیمنelegantأنیق

donateیتبرelementعنصر

رع/ھبةelementaryبسی/أولي donationت

donorالمانelevateیرفع

doseجرعelevator = liftمصعد

draftمسودembarrassرب/حرج

drainیستنز/استنزافembarrassedمرتب/خجول

drasticمتطر/عنیفembassyسفارة

draughtتیار ھواembodyیجسد

dreadfulمخی/مروعembraceتبني

driftانجراembryoجنین

drillیحفemergencyالطوارئ

droughtجفاemigrantناز/مھاجر

انبعاث

emissionیغر

drowndrug storeصیدلیemotionعاطف/انفعال

drugsمخدراemperorاإلمبراطور

drunkمخموemphasisتوكید

dry cleanerمكوجيencloseرف/لحق

dulyكما ینبغencyclopediaموسوعة

dwellingمسكendlessالتي ال نھایة لھا

(earnestاس(عربون/)صف(جاد enhanceیحس/یعزز

earthquakeزلزاenlightenنور ثقافیا/یضي

echoصدenrichیثري

economicallyاقتصادیاenslaveیستعبد

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ensureیضمexactlyبالضبط

enterpriseمشروexaggerateیبالغ

entertainmentتسلیexcavationحف/تنقیب

enthusiasmحماexceedیتفوق/یتجاوز

enthusiastمتحمexcessفائض

enthusiasticمتحمexcessiveزائ/مفرط

entireكامexcludeیستثني

entityكیاexclusionاستثنا

enumerateیسرexclusiveحصري

enviousحسوexecutionإعدام

envyیحسexemptionإعفا

epidemicsأوبئexertیبذل

العادم

/یستنفذ

/رھ

exhaustیسوي

/یعد

equateequationمعادلexhibitionمعرض

equilibriumتوازexileمنف/ینفي

equitableمنصexistenceوجود

equityإنصاexpandیوسع

equivalentمعادexpansionتوسع

eraعص/عھدexpectیتوقع

eradicateیقضي علexpeditionسرعة

erectقی/یشیدexpelیطرد

erodeیتآكexpenditureإنفاق

erosionتآكلexpenseنفقة

errخط/یزلexpiryصالحیة

escapismالھروب من الواقexplicitصریح

essayمقالexplicitlyصراحة

essenceخالص/جوھرexplosivesمتفجرات

essentialأساسexposeیتعرض

estimateیخم/یقدر تقریباexpressأعرب عن

تعبیر

expressionأخالق

ethicalethicsأخالextendیمد

ethnicعرقextensivelyعلى نطاق واسع

evaluationتقییextentح/مدى

eventuallyفي النھایexternalخارجي

everlastingأبدextinctمنقرض

evidenceدلیextinguishأخم/أطفأ

evilشری/شر(extract = pull outأسنا(یقتلع

evokeاستحض/اثارextraordinaryغیر عادي

evolutionتطوextravaganceتبزی/إسراف

exactدقیfabricنسیج القما/بنیة

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لfenceسو/سیاج

ر/سھ

facilitateس

ارة

factorعامferryع

factualحقیق/واقعيfertileخصب

fadeیتضائ/یبھت/یتالشىfertilityخصوبة

failureفشfertilizersأسمد/مخصبات

faintأغشى علی/خافتfervourحماسة

fairعاد/معرضfetchیجلب

fairyجنیfeverحمى

faithإیماfidelityأمان/إخالص

faithfulمخلfierceعنیف

fallacyمظھر خاد/مغالطةfigureرق/شخصیة

fameشھرfilamentسلك كھربائي

تمویل

financeمألو

familiarfamily planningتنظیم األسرfinancialمالي

fanaticمتعصfinancial spareاحتیاطي نقدي

fanaticalمتعصfineغرامة

fanaticismتعصبfingerاصبع

fancyنزو/ولعfiniteمحدود

fantasyخیاfireplaceمدفأة

fareأجرfirmصار/حازم/شركة

fartherأبعfirmlyبحزم

 fascinateیسح/یفتنfiscalمالي

fastenیربfixedمحد/ثابت

fateمصی/قدرflameلھب

fatigueتعflattenیتسطح

fattyدھنflavourنكھة

faultخطfleetأسطول

favourableماد/مؤیدflexibilityمرونة

feasibleعمل/ممكنflickنفض الغبار

یطفو

floatولیمة

/مأدب

feastfeatherریشflockسر/قطیع

featureمیزflourishیزدھر

federalاتحادfluctuateیتقلب

federationاتحاfluentفصی/طلیق

feebleضعیfluidسائ/مائع

feesأتعاب محام/بقشیشflushیندف/فورة

fellowزمیfocusبؤر/یركز

fellowshipزمالfogضباب

feminineمؤنfolkشعبي

feministنسائfondمغرم

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foolishأحمfundamentallyأساسا/في األساس

footpathمم/رصیفfundingالموارد المالی/التمویل

footstepوقع أقداfuneralمأت/دفن

for instanceعلى سبیل المثاfurthermoreعالوة على ذلك

forceقوfuryغضب شدید

forcefulقوfuseفتیل

forecastالطقیتنبأ بحالةfusionانصھار

foreheadجبیfussضجیج

formalرسمgaietyابتھا/فرح/مسرة

formidableھائgangعصابة

formulaصیغgangsterعضو في عصابة

formulateیصوgapفجوة

مالبس

/كسا

garmentمقبل

/قاد

forthcomingfortifiedمحصgas stationمحطة بنزین

fortnightأسبوعی gasolineالبنزین

fortunateمحظوgaspیتلھ/تواق إلى/لھاث

fortunatelyلحسن الحgateبوابة

fortuneثروgatherیجمع

forumاجتما/منتدى للنقاشgeneral mobilizationالتعبئة العامة

fossilحفریgeneralizationتعمیم

fosterیعزgenerateیولد

foundationمؤسسgenerationتولی/جیل

founderمؤسgenerousكریم

fountainنافور/ینبوعgenuineأصی/حقیقي

fractionجزgeometricھندسي

fragileھgermicideمبید للجراثیم

fragmentشظیgestureلو/ومأ/إیما ة

frameھیك/إطارglanceلمحة

franchiseحق االنتخاglareحملق/وھج

الحراري

 االحتباس

global warmingبصراح

franklyfraternalود/أخويgloriousمجید

fraudخدا/تزویر/احتیالgo off = explodeینفجر

frequencyترد/تواترgoodnessصال/جودة

frequentمتكرgossipنمیمة

frictionخال/احتكاكgracefulحلو الشمائل

friendlinessصداقgraduallyتدریجیا

frontierحدوgrantیمن/ھبة/منحة

frustrateیحبgraspفھم

fulfillیف/ینجزgratitudeعرفان بالفض/امتنان

fundamentalجوھر/أساسيgravityجاذبی/خطورة

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greedطم/شره/جشعhomesickشاعر بالحنین لوطنھ

groomعریhomogeneousمتجانس

guaranteeضماhonestصا/نزیھ

guardianحار/وصيhorizonاألفق

guidanceإرشا/توجیھhospitalityكرم الضیافة

guildنقابhostageرھینة

guiltإث/ذنبhostilityعدا

guiltyمذنhousingاإلسكان

"habitفردی"عادةhoverیحوم

habitatموطhumanityاإلنسانیة

hamلحم خنزیhumbleمتواضع

handicapإعاق/عائقhumor / humourفكاھ/یالطف/یداعب

نفاق

/تمل

hypocrisyمعالج

handlinghandyعمل/سھلhypothesisافترا/فرضیة

hardshipشدائ/مشقات/معاناةidealمثالي

harmonyتناغ/انسجامidentificationالھویة

hatredكراھیidentifyیحدد ھویة

havocدما/خرابidleخام/عاطل عن العمل

hayقignoranceجھل

(healالجر(یلتئمilluminateضي

health insuranceالتأمین الصحillusionوھم

heirوریimitateیقلد

hellجحیimmatureغیر ناضج

herbعشimmenseھائل

herbalعشبimmigrationھجرة

herbicideمبید لألعشاimminentوشیك

herdقطیimmoralغیر أخالقي

hereafterاآلخرimmuneمنیع

"heredity = geneticsجینا"وراثةimmunityمناع/حصانة

یفرض

imposeترا

heritagehesitateیتردimpressionانطباع

highlightالعناوین الرئیسی/إبرازimprisonیسجن

in vainعبثا/بال جدوىhigh-pitchedعلى درجة عالیة من المھار

hijackیخطinabilityعجز

hinderیعوinadequateغیر مالئم

hindranceعائinappropriateغیر مناسب

hintیلم/تلمیحincapableغیر قادر

holyمقدincentiveحافز

homelessمشر/بال مأوىincessantمتواصل

homemadeمحلیة الصنincidenceحدوث

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incidentحادinnateغریز/فطري

incidentalطار/عرضيinnerداخلي

(incisorأسنا(نابinnocenceبرا ة

incompatibleمتناف/متنافىinnocentاألبریا

inconsistentمتعار/غیر متناسقinnovationابتكار

incorporateیندم/یمزجinnovativeمبتكر

incorrectغیر صحیinputمساھمة

incurableمزم/عضالinquestتحقیق

indeedحقاinquireیستعلم

independenceحری/استقاللinquiryاستعال/استجواب

indicateیشی/یوضح/یبینinquisitiveفضولي

indicatorمؤشinsaneمجنون

حشرة

insectمباال

 الال

indifferenceindoorsفي الداخinsertأدخ/أضاف

ص/نظرة متعمقة indulgeأشبع رغبات/دللinsightت

inequalityعدم المساواinsistیل/یصر

inevitableال مفر منinsistenceإصرار

inevitablyحتماinspectیفحص

inferاستنتinspectionفح/تفتیش

inferenceاستنتاinspectorمفتش

inferiorأدنinspirationإلھام

infiniteغیر محدوinspireألھم

inflationتضخinstantسری/فوري

influenceتأثیinstinctموھب/غریزة

influentialمؤثinstituteمعھد

informیع/بلغinstitutionمؤسسة

informalغیر رسمinstructیعطي تعلیمات

م infrastructureالبنیة التحتیinstructorمرش/مع

ingredientsمكوناinstrumentآل/أداة/صك

كاف

 غیر

insufficientمواط

inhabitantinherentمالز/متأصلinsultیھین

inheritیرinsuranceتأمین

inheritanceالمیراinsureیؤمن

inhibitیكبintactسلیم

inhibitionكبintakeاستیعاب

initiativeمبادرintegrateیوح/یدمج

injectیحقintegrityسالمة

injusticeظلintellectفطن/ذكا

inkحبintellectualفكري

innحانةintelligenceذكا/مخابرات

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intelligentذكironyسخریة

intelligibleمفھو/معقولirrelevantغیر متصل بالموضوع

intendتعتزisolateیعزل

intenseكثیisolationعزلة

intensifyیكثissueمسألة

intensityكثافivoryعاج

intensiveكثی jailالسجن

intent onنو/عزم على jawفك

intentionنی jealousغیور

intentionalمقصود/متعمد jealousyغیرة

interactیتفاع jerkرعش/رجة

interactionتفاعJewیھودي

جوھرة

 jewelمتفاع

interactiveinterestمصلح jewelleryمجوھرات

interfereیتدخ( jockeyالسبا(فارس

interference inتدخل في jointمشترك

interimفترة مؤقت jointlyمعا

internalداخل jokeنكتة

intersectتتقاط journalصحیف/مجلة

interveneیتدخ journalistصحفي

interventionتدخ journeyرحلة

intimacyمود joyفرح

intimateحمی judgeقاضي

intrinsicجوھر judgmentقرار محكم/حكم

intuitionحد/بدیھة judicialقضائي

intuitiveحدس/بدیھي juiceعصیر

invadeیجتا/یغزو juicyمثم/غض

قدر بثمن junctionملتقى طر/تقاطع invaluableثمی/ال 

invariablyبدون تغیی/بثبات jungleأدغال

سنا

 األحدث

/األصغ

 juniorغزو

/اجتیا

invasioninverseعكس juryھیئة المحلفین

investیستثم justمنصف

investigateیحق justiceإنصا/عدالة

investmentاستثما justificationمبر/تبریر

investorمستثم/ممول justifyبرر

invincibleال یقھkidnapیختطف

invisibleخفkidneyالكلیة

involveشارkillingقتل

involvedمتور/مشاركkneelسج/جثا

involvementمشاركknifeسكین

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knightفارlegendأسطورة

knitیحی/ینسجlegislateیشرع

knittingحیاك/نسیج/حبكlegislationتشریع

knockقرع/طرقةlegislativeتشریعي

knotیعق/رباط/وثاقlegislatureھیئة تشریعیة

knowledgeمعرفlegitimateشرعي

knowledgeableواسع المعرفleisureوقت الفراغ

knownمعروlendیعی/یقرض

labelملص/بطاقة/عالمةlenderمقرض

labourعمlengthطول

labourerعامlengthenطول

lackنقlessenیقلل من

أدنى

lesserمفتق

lackingladderسلlevelمستوى

lambخروleverرافعة

lameأعر/كسیحlewdفاس/خلیع

landladyصاحبة المكاliabilityمسؤولیة

landlordصاحب المكا/المالكliable toمعرض ل

landscapeالمناظر الطبیعیliaisonاتصال

laneممliarكذاب

large-scaleعلى نطاق واسliberalمتحر/لیبرالیة

laughterالضحliberateیحرر

launchیبد/إطالقliberationتحریر

laundry shopمحل المكوجlibertyحریة

lawnالعشبlicenseتصری/رخصة

lawyerمحامlieیكذب

layerطبقlife insuranceتأمین على الحیاة

layoutنموذ/تصمیمlifespanعمر

lazyكسوlifestyleأسلوب الحیاة

حیاة

lifetimeرصا

/یحی

/إل

 یؤدي

leadleafletكتی/نشرة/منشورliftتوصیل/مصعد/یرفع

leagueعصب/تحالفlightenیخف/یضي

leakیتسر/تسربlightingإضا ة

leapطفرlightningبرق

leaseیستأج/عقد اإلیجارlikelihoodاحتمال

leatherجلlikenessشب/تماثل

lectureمحاضرlikewiseكذلك

lecturerمحاضlimbأطراف الجسم

legacyتراlimestoneحجر الجیر

legalشرع/قانونيlimitحد

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limitationتقییlunchtimeوقت الغدا

limitedمحدوlungرئة

lineخluxuryرفاھی/ترف

linearخطmachineryآلیة

linenالكتاmaddenثی/غضب/یخبل

lipstickأحمر الشفاmagicalفات/سحري

liquidسائmagicianمشعو/ساحر

liquidationتصفیmagistrateقاضي

literacyمعرفة القرا ة والكتابmagnificentبدی/رائع

literallyحرفیاmagnitudeعظم/قدر/حجم

literaryأدبmaidوصیف/خادمة

literatureاألدmainstayعما/دعامة

تعمیم

mainstreamدعو

litigationliverكبmaintainیحاف/یصون

lives = soulsأرواmaintenanceحف/صیانة

livingرزق/عیش/قوتmajestyفخام/جاللة/عظمة

loadشح/یحملmajorأساس/ھام

loafرغیmajorityأغلبیة

loanقرmanageدیر

lobbyردھmanagementإدارة

localمحلmanagerialإداري

localityموقmandatoryتفویض/إلزامي

locallyمحلیاmanifestواضح

locateحدد موقmanifestationإظھا/مظھر

locationمكان تصویر فیل/موقعmanipulateیتالعب

قلmanipulationتالعب

locomotionتحرك/ت

locomotiveقاطرmanpowerالقوى العاملة

locustجراmanufactureصناع/یصنع

logicمنطmanufacturingتصنیع

سماد

/یسمد

manureمنطق

logicallong-termطویل األمmanuscriptsمخطوطات

looseفضفاmarbleرخام

lorryشاحنmarginھامش

loungeصالو/ردھة/استراحةmarginalھامشي

loyalمخل/موال للدولةmarineالبحریة

loyaltyإخال/والmarkedملحوظ

luckحmarkerعالمة

luckyمحظوmarshمستنقع

luggageأمتع/حقائبmarvellousعجی/بدیع/رائع

lumpكتل/نتوmarvelsعجائب

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massكتلmiddle-classالطبقة المتوسطة

massiveھائ/ضخمmightyاستثنائ/عظیم

matchتطابmigrateیھاجر

mateرفی/زمیلmigrationھجرة

materialمادmildمعتدل

maternalأمومیmilitantمقات/محارب

matterقضی/مسألة/أمرmilitaryحرب/عسكري

matureینضmillمطحنة

maturityادرا/بلوغ/نضجmineمنجم

maximumأقصminerعامل منجم

meansوسیلmineralمعدن

meantimeفي غضوminimalأدنى

قلل

minimiseأثنا

meanwhilemeasureقیا/یقیسminimumالحد األدنى

measurementقیاminingتعدین

mechanismآلی minorقاصر

mediaاإلعالminorityأقلیة

meltیذوminusإشارة الطر/ناقص

membershipعضویmiracleمعجزة

memorableجدیر بالذك/بارزmirrorمرآة

memorandumمذكرmiserableتعی/بائس

memorialنصب تذكارmiseryشقا/بؤس

mentalعقلmishapحادث مؤسف

mentallyعقلیmisleadیخد/یضلل

mentionیذكmissileقذیف/صاروخ

mercenaryمرتزmissingمفقو/ضائع

merchantتاجmissionمھم/بعثة

mercilessغیر رحیmissiveرسالة رسمیة

mercyرحمmistضباب

خطأ

mistakeمجر

mere فھم merelyمجرmisunderstandیسي

mergeیدمmixtureمزیج

mergerاتحا/االندماجmobجماھی/حشد

meritsمزایmobileمتحر/متنقل

merryمبتھ/مرحmobilityتحر/تنقل

messفوضmobilizeیحش/یعبئ

messageرسالmodelنموذج

messengerرسوmoderateمتوس/معتدل

methodطریق/منھجmoderationالتوس/االعتدال

methodologyالمنھجیmodernحدیث

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modestمتواضMuslimمسلم

modestyتواضmutationتغی/تحول

 modificationتعدیmutterدندنة

modifyعدmutualمشتر/متبادل

moistرطmysteriousغامض

moistureرطوبmysteryغمو/لغز

monasteryدیmythأسطورة

monetaryنقدnarrateیرو/یحكى

monitoringمراقبnarrativeقصص/سرد

monkراھnarrowضی/ضیق

monopolizeیحتكnastyمقرف

monopolyاحتكاnationشع/أمة

قومیة

nationalismتذكاري

 نصب

/با

 أثر

monumentmoodمزاnationalistقوم/وطني

moorمستنق/أرض بورnationalisticقوم/وطني

moralأخالقnationalityجنسیة

moraleمعنویاnativeوطن/محلي

moralityفضیل/أخالقیةnatureطبیعة

morallyأخالقیاnavalبحري

moreoverعالوة على ذلnavyسالح البحریة

mortalityمعدل الوفیاneatمھند/أنیق

mortgageیرھ/رھنneatlyبعنای/بنظافة

motherhoodأمومnecessityضرورة

motherlyحنو/رؤوم/أموميnegativeسلبي

motionاقتراneglectیھمل

motivateیح/یحفز/یدفعnegligenceإھمال

motivationح/حافزnegotiateیتفاوض

motiveحاف/دافعnegotiationمفاوضة

mountجبneighbouringمجاور

اخ

 ابن

nephewحدا

mourningmovingاالنتقاnerveعصب

multimediaالوسائط المتعددnervousعصبي

multipleمضاع/متعددneutralمحاید

multiplicationمضاعفneverthelessومع ذلك

multiplyیتضاع/یتكاثرnewcomerقادم جدید

municipalمحل/بلديnicelyةقر

murderقت/یقتلnieceأبنة األخ أو األخت

murdererقاتnightmareكابوس

murmurخریر الماNile basinحوض النیل

muscleعضلnobleشری/شھم/نبیل

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noblemanالنبیobsoleteقدی/بائد/مھمل

nodاوم/إیما ةobstacleعائ/عقبة

noiseضوضاobstinateعنید

noisyصاخobstructیمن/یعیق

nominalرمز/صوري/اسميobtainیكتسب

nominateیترشobviousواضح

nominationترشی obviouslyبوضوح

nonethelessومع ذلoccasionمناسبة

nonsenseھراoccupationاحتالل

normمعیاoccupiedمحتلة

notableبار/جدیر بالذكرoccupyیحتل

notablyال سیمodourرائحة

جریمة

/إسا 

offenceتأشیر

/تدوی

notation ل/یھین notedذائع الصی/مشھورoffendیسي

noticeمالحظ/إشعارoffenderالمذن/المجرم

offensiveھجومnoticeableجدیر بالمالحظ/محسوس

notionنظری/مفھوم/فكرةofficialرسم/موظف عام

 السمعoffsetعوض notoriousمشھور بسو

nourishmentتغذیold-fashionedعتی/قدیم

nuisanceإزعاomissionحذ/إغفال

nullعدیم الوجو/باطل/الغomitیھم/یحذف

numerousكثی/عدیدon purposeعمدا

nunراھبopenlyبكل صراحة

nurseryحضانopinionاعتقا/فكرة/رأي

nursingتمریopponentغری/الخصم

nutrientsمغذیاopportunistانتھازي

nutritionتغذیopportunityفرصة

oarمجداopposeیعارض

obedienceطاعoppositeنقی/معاكس

معارضة

oppositionمطیع

/ممتث

obedientobeyیطیoppressیضطھ/یظلم

objectیعترopticalبصري

objectionاعتراoptimismالتفاؤل

objectiveھد/موضوعيoptimisticمتفائل

obligationفریض/التزامoptionalاختیاري

obligeلز/یفرض/جبرoracleنبو /وحي

obscureیجعلھ غامضا/غامضoralشفھي

observationمراقب/مالحظةordinaryمألو/عادي

observeراق/یرصدorganعضو

observerالمراقorganicعضوي

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organisationمنظمparadeیستعر/موكب

organisationalتنظیمیparagraphفقرة

organiseنظparallelمتواز/مثیل/نظیر

organismمنظم/كائن حيpardonیعفو/عفو/عفو

orientalنفی/شرقيparliamentبرلمان

orientateیتجھ شرقاparliamentaryبرلماني

orientationاتجا/توجیھpartakeیشتر/یقتسم

originالمصد/األصلpartialمتحی/مغرض/جزئي

originalأصلpartialityول/محاباة/تحیز

originateینت/ینشئpartiallyجزئیا

ornamentزخر/زخرفةparticipantمشارك

ornateمزخرparticipateسھ/یشارك

جسیم

particleیتذبذ

oscillateoustیطرparticularخاص

outbreakانفجا/اندالعparticularlyخاصة

outerخارجpartnerشریك

outlineالخطوط العریض/موجزpartnershipمشارك/شراكة

outlookآفا/توقعاتparturitionمخا/والدة

outskirtsضواحpassionعاطف/ولع/شغف

ovenفرpassionateعاطفي

overcomeیتغلب علpassiveسلبي

overflowیفی/فیضانpastryحلویات

overlookشرف عل/یطل علىpastureك/مرعى

overnightبین عشیة وضحاھ/فجأةpatentبرا ة االختراع

overtakeفاج/یتجاوزpathمم/مسار

overthrowإسقاط نظام الحك/طیpatienceحل/أناة/صبر

overturnیقلpatientصبو/المریض

overviewنظرة عامpatriot (n)وطني

overwhelmیسحpatriotic (adj)وطني

دوریة

patrolساح

overwhelming(oweالدی(یدین لpatronالراعي

owing toبسبpatternقدو/نمط

owlبومpaymentدفع

ownershipملكیpeaceسالم

palaceقصpeacefulسلمي

paleیصبح شاح/شاحبpeakقمة

panelلوحpearlلؤلؤة

panicرع/خوف/ذعرpeasantفالح

papalبابوpeculiarممی/خاص

parachuteباراشو/مظلة pedestrianمترج/المشاة

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peerنظی/ندphotographyالتصویر

penaltyجزا/عقوبةphraseعبارة

pendulumبندول الساعphysicalماد/جسماني/بدني

لphysicianطبیب penetrateیفھم/یخترق/یتس

peninsulaشبة جزیرةpigخنزیر

pensionحال للمعا/معاشpigeonحمامة

pensionerمحال للمعا/متقاعدpileكومة

people's assemblyمجلس الشعpilgrimageیحج/حج

pepperالفلفpillحبة دوا/قرص

percentageنسبة مئوی pillarنصب تذكار/عما/ركیزة

perceptionالفھ/اإلدراكpioneerأصل/ریادي/رائد

perfectكام/مثاليpiracyقرصنة

شفقة

/یشف

pityیؤد

performperformanceاألداplacementوضع

performerمؤدplainبسی/واضح/سھل

periodفترplaintiffكثیر الشكو/مدعي

permanentدائplantیزر/مصنع

permissionاستئذا/تصریحplatformمنصة

permitیسم/تصریحplausibleمعقول

perpendicularعمودplaywrightكاتب مسرحیة

perpetrateیرتكpleaحج/التماس

perpetualدائpleadیتضر/یترافع

persistاستم/أصرpleasantسار

persistenceإصراpleasedمسرور

persistentمستم/مصرpleasureسرور

personalشخصpledgeیتعھد ب/تعھد

personalityشخصیplentyواف/وفرة

personallyشخصیاplotیتآم/مؤامرة

personnelالموظفیploughمحرا/یحرث

السباكة

 محل

plumber'sیقن

persuadepersuasionإقناplungeغطس/سقوط

pertainیخ/یتعلق بpoemقصیدة

pertinentذات الصلpoetشاعر

pervadeیعpoetryالشعر

pestطاعو/آفةpoisonسم

petمد/حیوان ألیفpoleالقطب

phaseطو/مرحلةpoliteلطی/مھذب

phenomenonظاھرpoliticianسیاسي

philosophicalفلسفpoliticsعلم السیاس/السیاسة

philosophyالفلسفpolluteلوث

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Mr / Hatem Kamal 01002622599

  

pollutionالتلوpreoccupationانشغال

poolبرك prepareجھ/یعد

popularityشعبیprerequisiteشرط أساسي

populationالسكاprescribeیحد/یصف عالج

portfolioمحفظprescriptionروشیت/وصفة طبیة

portionقسم/قطعة/جزpresenceحضور

portraitصورpresentحاضر

portrayوصpresentationتقدی/عرض

positionموقpreservationحمای/حفظ

positiveإیجابpreserveیحم/یحافظ

postما بع/بعدpresidencyالرئاسة

postcardبطاقة بریدیpresidentالرئیس

رئاسي

presidentialیؤج

postponeمةpressالصحافة postulateیفتر/مس

potentialمحتم/إمكانیةpressureالضغط

potteryفخاpresumeیفترض

pourیسك/یصبpretenceتظاھر

povertyفقpretendیتظاھر

practicalعملprettyجمیل

practiseیتدر/یمارسprevailیسو/یعم

practitionerممارس المھن/ممارسprevalenceانتشار

pragmaticواقعpreventionمنع

praise (sb) forیمدpreviouslyسابقا

preachیع/یبشر بpreyفریسة

precautionاحتیا/وقایةpricklyشائ/واخز

precedeیسبprideفخر

precedentسابprimitiveبدائي

preciousثمیprincipalرئیسي

precipitateمتسر/متھورprincipallyأساسا

مبدأ

principleدقیق

/محد

preciseprecisionإحكا/دقةpriorityاألولویة

predatorالمفترprivacyخصوصیة

predecessorالسلprivateخاص

predictیتنبprivatelyسرا

predictableمتوق/قابل للتنبؤprivatisationالخصخصة

predictionتنب privilegeیمی/امتیاز

predominantسائ/مسیطر/غالبprobabilityاحتمالیة

pregnancyحمprobableمحتمل

 pregnantحامproceduresإجرا ات

premiumاستثنائ/ممتازprocessعملیة

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processingمعالجprotestیحتج

proclaimیعلproud ofفخور

produceینتproveیثبت

producerمنتprovidedشریطة أن

productivityإنتاجیprovinceمقاطع/إقلیم

professionمھنprovincialریف/اقلیمي

professionalمحتر/مھنيprovisionتوفیر

profitیرب/ربحprovisionalمؤقت

profitabilityالربحیprovokeثی/یستفز

profitableمربprudentمتبص/متعقل/حكیم

profoundعمیpubحانة

progressالتقدpublisherناشر

نشر

publishingتقدمي

/تصاعد

progressiveprohibitیمن/یحظرpulseینب/نبض

prohibitionمن/حظرpumpیض/مضخة

projectionإسقاpunchلكمة

prominentشھی/بارزpunctualدقیق في مواعید/منضبط

promiseوع/یعدpunishیعاقب

promoteرق/عززpunishmentعقاب

promotionترقی/ترویجpuppetدمیة متحركة

promptفور/سریعpurchaseیستمیل بالرشو/یشتري

proofإثبا/دلیلpurchaserمرتش/مشتري

propagandaالدعایpureصاف/نقي

propensityنزو/میلpurelyببساطة

properمناسب/الئقpurposeینو/یقصد/غرض

prophecyنبو ةpursueیتعق/یواصل/یالحق

proportionنسبpursuitمالحق/مطاردة/متابعة

proportionalنسب/متناسبpushیدف/دفع

proposalاقتراput off = delayیؤجل

آسن

/متعف

putridیقتر

proposepropositionاقتراpuzzleیتحی/لغز

proprietorماqualificationsمؤھالت

prosecuteیالح/یقاضيqualifiedمؤھل

prosecutionمالحقة قضائی/مقاضاةqualifyیؤھ/یتأھل

prospectاحتماqualityصفة خاص/جودة

prospectiveمحتمquantitativeمقدار/كمي

prosperتزدھquantityكمیة

prosperityرخا/ازدھار(quantumكیمیا(كم/كمیة

protectیحمquarrelخال/شجار/نزاع

protectionحمایquarrelsomeعدوان/مشاكس

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quarterح/ربعrecipientمرسل إلی/مستفید

quench the thirstیروي عطrecognizeیعتر/یتعرف

queryیستفھ/تساؤل/سؤالrecognitionإدرا/اعتراف

questتنقی/بحث/تحقیقrecommendوصي ب/زكي

questionnaireاستطال/استبیانrecommendationتزكی/توصیة

queueطابوreconcileیوفق بی/یصلح

quitیھج/یستقیل(reconciliationمتخاصمی(إصالح

quotationاقتباreconsiderیغیر رأی/عید النظر

"quoteتنصی"اقتباسعالمreconstructionإعادة البنا

racialعنصرrecordingتسجیل

racismعنصریةrecoveryانتعا/شفا

radiantمتأل/مشعrecreationاستجمام

یجند

/یتطوع

/متطو

recruitإشعا

radiationradicalجذرrecruitmentالتطوی/التجنید

rageغضrecuperationنقاھ/تعافي

raidیشن غار/غارةrecycleیعید تدویر

randomعشوائreddenیخجل

rapeیغتص/اغتصابreduceقل/یخفض

rapidسریreductionتخفیض

rareنادredundancyوفر/زیادة

rarityندرredundantواف/زائد

ratingتصنیreferشیر

ratioنسبrefereeحكم

rationalمنطق/عقالنيreferenceإشار/مرجع

rationalizationترشیreferendumاستفتا

reactionرد فعreferralإحالة

(reactorنوو(مفاعلreflectیعكس

readilyبسرع/بسھولةreflectionانعكاس

realismالواقعیreformإصال/یصلح

ح مص

reformerواقعي

/حقیق

realisticrealityحقیق/واقعrefugeملجأ

reasonable atمعقوrefugeeالجئ

reasoningتفكی/منطقrefusalرفض

reassureطمئrefuteیدحض

د/متمردregainیستر/یستعید

rebelیتمر

rebellionعصیا/ثورة/تمردregardاحترا/یحترم

recallیتذكregardless ofبغض النظر

receiptإیصاregimeنظام الحكم

recessionتراج/ركودregimentفوج

recipeوصف/طریقةregionإقلی/منطقة

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regionalإقلیمrepayیسدد

registrationتوثی/تسجیلrepaymentسداد

rehabilitationإعادة تأھیreplaceیستبدل

rehearsalبروفreplacementبدیل

reignسیطر/یسیطرrepresentینو/یمثل

reinforceیدع/یعززrepresentationالتمثیل

rejectینب/یرفضrepresentativeممثل

rejectionرفrepressیكظ/یقمع/یكبت

rejoiceیبتھreprimandتوبیخ

relateیرب/یتصلreproachیوب/یؤنب/یلوم

relatedذات الصلreproduceیستنسخ

relationصل/عالقةreproductionاستنساخ

جمھوریة

republicعالقة

/صل

relationshiprelativeنسبrepublicanجمھوري

relativelyنسبیاreputationصی/سمعة

relaxیسترخrequestیطلب

relaxationاسترخاrequiredمطلوب

releaseتحری/حررrequirementالشرط المطلو/مطلب

relevanceعالقresearcherباحث

relevantذات الصلresembleیشبھ

reliableثقمحل/یعتمد علیھresentاغتا/استا

relianceاعتماresentmentاستیا

reliefإعفا/اإلغاثةreservationاحتیا/تحفظ

religiousدینreserveاحتیاطي

relinquishیتناز/یتخلي عنreservoirاحتیاط/خزان

reluctanceممانعresideیكم/یقیم

rely on = count onیعتمد علresidentمقیم

remainیبق/یظلresidentialسكني

remainderبقیresidueبقایا

یستقیل

resignالمتبق

remainingremarkالحresignationاستقالة

remarkableرائ/ملحوظresistیقاوم

remedyعالresistanceمقاومة

rememberیتذكresoluteحازم

كresolutionقرار

remindذ

removalإزالresolveیحل

removeیزیresortیلجأ إل/ملجأ

renaissanceنھضresourceمورد

rentیستأجrespectیحتر/احترام

repairیصلrespectableمحترم

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respectivelyعلى التوالrigourصرامة

respondیر/یستجیبringحلق/عصابة

respondentمجی/المدعى علیھriotعصیا/شغب

responseر/استجابةripeناضج

responsibleمسؤوripenینضج

restrainیكبriskخاط/خطر

restraintكب/ضبط النفسritualشعائ/طقوس

restrictionتقییrivalryمنافس/تنافس

resumeیستأنromanticرومانسي

retentionاستبقاrootجذر

retireیتقاعroot = instillیغرس

retiredمتقاعrotیتسو/یفسد/یتعفن

یتناوب

rotateتقاع

retirementretreatیتراج/یتقھقرrotationتناوب

retrieveیسترجrottenفاسد أخالقی/ن

revealیكشroughlyتقریب/بقسوة

revelationوح/كشفroundجولة

revengeینتق/ثأرrouteمسار

revenueدخroutineروتیني

كي reverberateیخلف صدroyalم

كیة reverseعكس/یعكسroyaltyم

revertیعوrubbishقمام/ھرا

reviewمقالة نقدیrudimentaryأول/بدائي

reviseراج/ینقحruinخراب

revisionمراجع/تنقیحrumor / rumourإشاعة

revivalإحیاruralریفي

reviveیحیrushیندف/اندفاع

 revolutionثورrustیصد/صدأ

revolutionaryثورruthlessقاس/غیر رحیم

تخریب

/یخر

sabotageمسد

Revolver /gun /pistolrewardیكاف/مكافأةsacredمقدس

rhythmإیقاsacrificeیضح/قربا/ضحیة

ribضلsaddenیحزن

ribbonوشاsaddleكلف ب/سرج حصان

ridیتخلص مsafeguardحمایة

ridicule = mockیسخر مsailبح/شراع

ridiculousسخیsaintقدیس

rifleیسل/بندقیةsainthoodقداسة

rights and dutiesحقوق و واجباsakeلمصلحة

rigidصار/جامدsalaryراتب

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salesmanبائselectiveانتقائي

salvationإنعاش اقتصاد/إنقاذselfishأناني

sampleنموذ/عینةselfishnessأنانیة

sanctionعقا/جزاsemi-finalقبل النھائي

sanctuaryملج/مالذseminarندو/حلقة دراسیة

satisfactionالرض/القناعةsenateمجلس الشیوخ

satisfactoryمسعد/مرضseniorكبیر

saturateیرتوsensationشعور قو/إحساس

sausageسج/نقانقsenseإدرا/ذوق/إحساس

sawقول مأثو/منشارsenselessفاقد الوع/ال معنى لھ

sayingقول مأثو/مثل/قولsensibleعاق/معقول

scandalتشھی/فضیحةsensitiveرقی/حساس

حساسیة

sensitivityندب

scarscarceنادsensualشھوان/حسي

scarcelyنادرsentence toعقوب/حكم على

scaredمذعوseparateیعز/یفصل/مستقل

scatterبعث/یتبعثرseparatelyعلى حدة

scenarioنص فیل/سیناریوseparationعز/فصل

sceneمسر/مشھدsequenceتتاب/تسلسل

sceneryزخرف/دیكور/مشھد(sergeantرتبة عسكری(رقیب

scentرائحserialمتسلس/تسلسل

scopeمجھ/فرصة/مدىseriesسلسلة

scornیزدر/ازدراseriouslyبجدیة

scrambleاندفا/زحمةsermonموعظ/خطبة

scrapشظی/بقایا/خردةsessionجلسة

screamیصر/صرخةsettleیسوي

scriptسیناری/نص مكتوبsettlementمستوطن/استقرار/تسویة

seasonalموسمsevereحاد

secrecyسریsewخاط

الظلة

/العتم

shadeطائف

sectariansectionقسshadowخیا/ظل

sectorقطاshakeھز/یرتجف/یھز

sectsطوائshallowضحل

secularمدن/علمانيshame = disgraceخج/عار/خزي

secureمحك/منیع/آمنsharedمشترك

sedimentرواسshareholderمساھم

seeminglyعلى ما یبدsharpحاد

seizeأس/حجزsharpenجعلھ حاد/شحذ

seizureاستیال/مصادرةshaveیحل/حالقة

seldomنادرshedكو/سقیفة

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shellصدف/قصف/قذیفةskullجمجمة

shelterمأوslamفوز ساحق

shieldدرslapصفعة

shiftمناوب/وردیةslaughterیذبح

قslaveرقی/عبد shineیتأل/تأ

shiverیرتع/رعشة/شظیةslaveryر/عبودیة

shockصدمsleeveرد/كم

shoreدع/شاطئ"slice of "meatشر/شریحة من

shortageنقslideانخفاض

short-termقصیرة األجslightطفیف

shotطلق/مشھد/لقطةslimنحیل

shoulderكتslimeسال لعابھ

زلة

/ھفوة

/عثر

slipدش

/یستح

showerق shrinkینكم/انكماشslipperyز

shyخجوsloganشعار

siegeحصاslopeانحدا/منحدر

sighیتنھ/یتحسر علىslotفتحة

 فقیر/عشوائیات signیوقslumأحیا

signalإشارslumpركود

signatureتوقیsmartذكي

significanceأھمیsmashكس/حطم/سحق

significantھاsmoothناع/أملس/انسیابي

signifyید/یعنىsmoothlyبسھول/بسالسة

silenceالصمsneezeیعط/عطسة

sillyسخیsocialاجتماعي

silverفضsocialismاشتراكیة

similarityتشابsocialistاالشتراكي

simplicityبساطsociallyاجتماعیا

simplyببساطsocietyمجتمع

مقبس

socketواح

 وقت

 في

simultaneoussimultaneouslyمعاsofaأریكة

sinذن/إثم/خطیئةsoilتربة

sincereمخل/صادقsolarشمسي

sincerelyبأمان/بإخالصsolemnرسمي

situateوضعھ في مركز معیsolicitorمحامي

skeletonھیكل مبن/ھیكل عظميsolidarityتماس/تكافل/تضامن

sketchرسsolitaryوحید

skilfulماھsolo = aloneمفرد/فردي

skipperقائsolutionحل

skirtیطوف حو/ضواحيsolveیحل

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solventمذیstabilityاستقرار

sophisticatedراق/متطور/معقدstableمستق/إسطبل

sorceryسح/شعوذةstadiumاستا/مدرج

soreمؤل/حزین/موجعstaffھیئة موظفین

sorrowیحز/أسف/حزن"stainیصعب ازالتھ"بقعة

soulروstampsالطوابع

soundفي صحة جید/سلیمstanceموقف

sovereignسیادstartleنفو/یفاجئ/یجفل

sovereigntyسیادstarvation = famineمجاعة

spareاحتیاطstarveیعاني من الجوع

speciesفصائل/فصیلةstateدولة

specificمعیstatementبیان

ثابت

/للنق

 قابل

 غیر

stationaryمواصفا

specificationsspecifyخص"stationery shopخردوا"مكتبة

specimenنموذ/عینةstatisticalإحصائي

spectacleمسرحی/مشھدstatisticsعلم اإلحصا/إحصائیات

spectacularمذھstatutoryقانون/تشریعي

spectatorمشج/متفرجsteadilyبثبات

speculateیتأمsteerقیادة

speculatorمتأمstereotypeسلوك مكر/نمطیةصورة

speechحدی/خطابstiffصل/قاس

spellingتھجئ/ھجاstimulateینب/یحفز

spinsterعزباstimulationتنشی/تنبیھ/تحفیز

spiritروstimulusمنب/حافز

spiritualروحstipulateیتعھ/یشترط

splendid = luxuryفاخ/فخمstipulationاشترا/شرط

spokesmanالمتحدث عstitchخاط الجر/غرزة

spongeأسفن/متسولstoveفر/موقد

sponsorیرع/رعایةstraightenیعتدل

صریح

/أمی

straightforwardرعایة

/كفال

sponsorshipspontaneousذات/تلقائي/عفويstrainساللة

spouseالزوج/الزوجstrategyاستراتیجیة

sprayرش/رذاذ/یرشstrawتب/قش

spreadانتشا/ینشرstrengthenثب/قوي/یعزز

spyیتجس/جاسوسstressتوت/ضغط/إجھاد

squadفرقstretchامتدا/یمد/یمتد

squadronاسطو/سرب طائراتstrict = firmصارم

squareمیداstrikeإضرا/یضرب

squeezeیعص/یضغطstructuralإنشائ/بنائي

stabیطع/طعنةstructureھیكل

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struggleیناض/نضالsurplusفائض

stubbornعنیsurrenderیستسل/استسالم

stumbleیتعث/تعثرsurroundingالمحیط

stunningمدھ/مذھلsurviveیبق/ینجو

stuntmanكومبارsurvivorبا/ناج

subdivisionتقسیsuspectیشتب/یشك في

subjectiveغیر موضوع/ذاتيsuspendع/توقف مؤقتا

submissionطاع/تسلیم/خضوعsuspenseتشویق

subordinateتاب/یتبعsuspicionاشتباه

subscriptionاشترا/اكتتابsuspiciousمشبوه

subsideیستری/یھدأ/یھمدswallowیبتل/ابتالع

subsidiaryفرع/شركة فرعیةswapمبادل/مقایضة

رمزي

symbolicحكومي

 دعم

/مالی

 إعانة

subsidysubstanceمادsymmetryتناظ/تماثل

substantiveثاب/دائم/حقیقيsympatheticمتعاطف

suburbضاحیsymptomعالم/أمارة/عرض

subversionتآمر/تدمیر/تخریب(syndromeمر(أعراض

successionوراث/خالفةsynopsis (n)مختص/ملخص/موجز

successiveمتوال/متعاقبsyntheticمصطنع

successorوری/خلیفةsystematicمنظ/منھجي

suddenمفاجtackleیتعامل م/یتدب/یعالج

sufficeیكفtakeoverاحتال/استیال

sufficiencyاكتفاtaleقص/حكایة

suicideینتح/انتحارtalentموھبة

sumمجمو/خصtalentedموھوب

خtameألی/مروض summarizeی

خtangibleواقع/ملموس summaryم

summonیستدعtankدبابة

superbممتا/رائعtapeشریط تسجیل

ھدف

targetسطحي

/ظاھر

superficialsuperintendentمشر/مراقبtariffتسعیر/تعریفة

superstitionخرافtaskمھمة

supervisionإشراtaxضریبة

supervisorمراق/مشرفtaxationفرض الضرائب

supplementإضاف/تكملةtaxpayerدافع الضرائب

supportیؤی/یدعمteenageسن المراھقة

suppressیكب/یكبح/یقمعteenagerمراھق

surgeonجراtemperمزاج

surgeryجراحtempest = stormعاصفة

surgicalجراحtemporaryمؤقت

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temptیفت/یغريtradeتجارة

temptationsمغریاtraderتاجر

 مورو(تقلید tenantنزیل/مستأجر(traditionsشي

tendencyنزعة/میلtragedyفاجع/مأساة

tenderمزا/مناقصةtragicمأساوي

tenseیتوت/متوترtrailذیل

terminateأنھtraineeمتدرب

termsشروtrainerمدرب

نtrainingتروی/تدریب

ن terrifyرو/أرھب/ج

terrorذع/خوف/رعبtraitصف/سمة

terroristإرھابtraitorخائن

textileنسی/قماشtranquilھادئ

یتعامل

transactقماش

/نسیج

/تشاب

texturetheftسرقtransactionصفقة

theoremنظریة ریاضیtranscriptionتملی/نسخ

theoreticalعملغیر/نظريtransferینقل

theoristواضع النظریtransformیتحول

theoryنظریtransformationتغییر ھیئ/تحویل

therapistاختصاصي بالمعالجtransitionانتقال

therapyمعالج/عالجtranslateیترجم

thermalحرارtranslationترجمة

thesisفرضی/أطروحةtranslatorمترجم

thickسمیtransmissionب/انتقال

threatتھدیtransmitیب/ینقل

thrillرعش/انفعال/نشوةtransparencyشفافیة

throneعرtransparentشفاف

thunderرعtransportینقل

د/یضیقtrapشر/فخ

شیtighten

tightlyمحكtravel agencyوكالة سفریات

مسافر

travellerنسیج

tissueto my surpriseلدھشتtrayطب/صینیة

toleranceالتسامtreasonخیانة

tolerantمتسامtreasureكنز

tolerateیتحمtreasurerأمین صندوق

tortureتشوی/تعذیب/یعذبtreasuryوزارة المالی/خزینة

tournamentبطول/دورةtreatیعامل

towelفوط/منشفةtreatmentعالج

toxicساtreatyمعاھدة

trackمم/مسارtrembleیرتج/یرتعش

tractقطعة أرtremendousكبی/ضخم/ھائل

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trenchخندunionنقاب/اتحاد

trendمی/نزعة/اتجاهuniqueف/فرید

trialتجرب/محاولةunjustظالم

tribeقبیلunknownغیر معروف

tribunalمحكمunlawfulمحظو/غیر شرعي

tributeجزی/إشادةunlikelyمن غیر المحتمل

trickخدعunnaturalغیر طبیعي

triumphینتصunnecessaryغیر ضروري

trivialمبتذ/تافھunpleasantمزع/غیر سار

troopقواunprecedentedال مثیل لھ

trophyغنیم/كأسunreasonableغیر معقول

tropicalمدارunrestاضطراب

متقلب

/متغی

unsteadyھدن

trucetruckشاحنunsuccessfulفاشل

trunkحقیبة السیار/جذعuntidyغیر مرتب

trustیث/ثقةurbanمدن/حضري

trusteeموثوق فی/وصيurgencyإلحاح

truthحقیقurgentم/عاجل

ة tunnelنفusurpedمغتصب/مسلو

" tuskنا"فیلutilityفائدة

uglyقبیutilizeیستخد/ینتفع

ulcerیتقر/قرحةutterتام

ultimateنھائvacationعطل/أجازة رسمیة

unacceptableغیر مقبوvaccinationتلقیح

uncertainغیر مؤكvaccineتلقیح/لقاحي

unconsciousفاقد الوعvainعبثا

underdevelopedمتخلvalidسلی/صالح/ساري

undergoیخضvaluationتقییم

underlyingمرؤو/تابعvariableمتغیر

مختلف

/متنو

variantقوض

/أبل

undermineundertakeیتعھvariationاختالف

undesirableغیر مرغوب فیvariedمتنوع

unemploymentبطالvariousمتنو/متعدد/مختلف

unevenمتفاوvastكبی/واسع

unexpectedمفاج/غیر متوقع"vegetarianالنباآكل"نباتي

unfairغیر منصvehicleمركبة

unfamiliarغیر مألوveilحجاب

 الح vendorبائع جائل unfortunatelyلسو

unfriendlyغیر ودventureمشروع

unifyوحverdictقرار محكم/حكم

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 الكلم معناھ الكلم معناھا

verifyتحقق مwasteفضالت

veteranمحwastefulمسرف

vetoحق النقweakenیضعف

vicarكاھweaknessضعف

vice-presidentنائب الرئیwealthثروة

viciousشریwearyسئم

victimضحیweaveیحی/ینسج

victoryنصweepیبكى

viewpointوجھة نظweirdعجیب

vigorousمفعم بالحیوی/قويwhimنزوة

violationمخالف/انتھاكwhisperھم/یھمس

violenceعنwickedشریر

یوسع

widenعنی

violentviolinكماwidespreadواسع االنتشار

virginبتو/عذراwidowأرملة

virtueفضیلwidowerاألرمل

virusفیروwildlyبعنف

viscousلزwillingراغ/مستعد

visibleمنظو/مرئيwillingnessرغب/استعداد

visionرؤیwitchساحرة

visualبصرwithdrawینسحب

vitalحیوwithdrawalانسحاب

vitaminفیتامیwitnessیشھ/شاھد

vividزاه/مشرق/حيwonderیتعج/یتسائل

vocationalمھنwordingصیاغة

 الرأworkforceالقوى العاملة voicing opinionإبدا

voluntaryاختیار/طوعيworking-classالطبقة العاملة

volunteerمتطو/یتطوعworshipعباد/یعبد

voteینتخ/تصویتworthwhileجدیر باالھتمام

بارز

 شخص

/جدیر

worthyناخ

votervoucherإیصا/قسیمة(wrapھدی(یغلف

vow / swearیقس/یحلفwrapperغالف

vulgarمألو/دارج/مبتذلwreckحطام سفین/تدمیر

waiterالنادwrongdoingاعتدا/إثم

wanderیتجوyardفنا

wardrobeخزانة الثیاyieldیخض/محصول

warehouseمستودyoungsterشاب

warmthحماس/حرارة/دفzealحماس

 warning = cautionaryتحذیZionistصھیوني

warriorمحارzoologyعالم الحیوان

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Prepositions رجلا فورح 

#الج

 حرف

  -:(in)استعمال

١- ةینمزلا تارتفلاو   القرون  الفصول  السنوات  :-في األمثلة التالیكمیستعمل مع األشھر

- The sun rises in the morning.- My father was born in 1977.

- in October / in 1982 / in winter / in the 19th century / in the twentieth century /

in the evening(s) / in the 1990s / in the middle ages.

٢-   :-قولنستعمل مع الدول و المدن الكبیرة

- I have lived in Syria for three years.

٣-ةنیعم ةینمز ةرتف نع ربعنل لبقتسملا نمزلا عم لمعتسیىنعمب)الخ( نلوق-: 

- My brother will be here in a year. - They will get married in seven months .

#الج

 حرف

 استعمال

(at):- 

:-قولنیستعمل للداللة على الوقت -

- Adnan gets up at 7:00 o’clock. - I have my breakfast at eight o'clock .

-   معینة من النھار :-قولنیستعمل مع أجزا

- We visit each other at night.  - Cocks crow at down .  تصیح الدیوك فجرا

 -:(on)استعمال حرف الج#

١- خیراوتلاو عوبسألا مایأ عم لمعتسیلوقك:- 

- I will be at home on Friday. - Man walked on the moon on 21 July 1969. ٢-نعمب لمعتسی)ىلع( نلوق-: 

- Put the flowers on the table.

 -:(by)الجاستعمال حرف#

 :-قولن )من قبل(یستعمل مع المبني للمجھول بمعنى-

- The football match was watched by thousands of people. 

 بجانب(یستعمل بمعنى-  :-قولن )قرب

- They stood by the table. - Come and sit by me. 

٣

:-قولن )بحلول بدایة ذلك الوق(تستعمل مع الوقت وتعني-

- By October we shall have finished painting the house. 

 -:(in front of)استعمال حرف الج#

 -:قولن )أمام(تأتي بمعنى-

- Don’t sit in front of  the television.

 -: (next to)استعمال حرف الج#

-بمعنى

 تأتي

)بع

 بجانب

(قولن 

:- - Sami always sits next to me.

- Next to English I think my favorite subject is history.

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 -: (with)استعمال حرف الج#

-  :-قولنتستعمل للداللة على الواسطة التي تم بھا حدوث الفعل

- I opened the door with the key. 

 :-قولن )مع(تستعمل بمعنى-

- I will go with you.

٣-ىنعمب لمعتست)ھل   -:قولن )ذو

- The child with blue eyes is my brother.

 -: (from)استعمال حرف الج#

 -:قولن )من(یستعمل بمعنى-

- He studies from six till eight o’clock.

#الج

 حرف

  -: (to)استعمال

 (تستعمل بمعنى- :-قولن )إلى

- My father goes to work by bus.٢-ثم  :-تستعمل للداللة على الزمان والمكان

  - I traveled from Amman to Syria.

- Samia usually works from 7 o’clock to 10 o’clock.

٣-ىنعمب تقولا نع رابخإلل لمعتست)الإ( نلوق-: 

- It is ten to four. )الساعة الرابعة إال عشر دقائ(  

٤-ىنعمب لمعتست)لجأ نم ( نلوق-: 

- He went to Amman to meet his friend.

 -: (for)استعمال حرف الج#

 -:قولن ) ألجل(تستعمل بمعنى-

- There is a letter for you. 

 :-قولن )لمدة(تستعمل لتحدید المدة الزمنیة بمعنى-

- I have lived in Cairo for three years. 

٣

 :- مث)بسعر(تستعمل بمعنى-

- I bought this car for 13000 U.S.D. 

 -: (about)الجاستعمال حر#

 -: مث) بشأ عن(بمعنى یستعم-

- They are talking about you. 

 حوالي(تستعمل بمعنى-  :-قولن )تقریبا

- I saw Khalid about two hours ago.

#الج

 حرف

  -: (of)استعمال

:-قولنأداة إضافة ستعمل-

  - The results of  the exam were good. - The roof of  the cave had collapsed. من(تستعمل بمعنى-  :-قولن )ذو

- She is dressing a coat of  many colors.

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٣- لكلا نم   :-قولنتستعمل للتعبیر عن الجز

- Half of  the cake was eaten before lunch.

 و صفات و مصطلحات مع بعض أحرف الجر  أفعال

 )))قس ما ال تعرف على ما تعر(((

With

acquaint withعلى معرفھ ب/یطلع على   familiar with

 علیم بـ

agree with یوافق على fed up with

 مل من

angry with (sb))شخ(غضبان من fight with

 یقاتل ضد

annoyed with غاضب من fill with

 یمأل بـ

argue withمع

 یتجادل

  friendly withلـ

 محب

 begin with

 یبدأ بـ furious with غاضب من

busy with مشغول بـ furnish with

 یؤثث بـ  یجھز

charged with متھم بـ get bored with

 یمل من

collide with یتصادم مع ill with

 مریض بـ

compare with یقارن بـ interfere with

 یتدخل في

compete with یتنافس مع loaded with

 محمل بـ

concerned with مھتم بـ mix with

 یخلط مع

consult withمع

 یتشاور

  pleased with (sb)من

 مسرور

 content with

 مقتنع بـ polite with مؤدب مع

cooperate with یتعاون مع popular with

عنذو شعبیة  

correspond with یتراسل مع Provide (sb) with (sth)

 یزود بـ

covered with مغطى بـ satisfied with

 راض عن

crowded with مزدحم بـ shake with

 یھتز من

deal with یتعامل مع supply with

 یزود بـ

Deal with)شخ(یتعامل مع sympathize with

 یتعاطف مع

delighted with مسرور من tremble with

 یرتجف من

difficulty withفي

 صعوبة

 یجد

  with black hairاألسود

 الشعر

 صاحب

 

disappointed with خائب األمل في with pleasure

 بسرور

dispense with یستغني عن with the help of

 بمساعدة

endowed with موھوب بـ write with (Sth)

)بالقل(یكتب

exchange with)شخ(یستبدل مع wrong with

 مخطئ مع

)))عبادك

 نفع

 على

 أعنا

 اللھم

((( 

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At

at the crossroadعند تقاطع الطرق(...) (...)at the age ofفي عمر

at the invitation ofبدعوة منaim atیھدف إل

at workفي العملamazed atمندھش ب

فسي

bad atangry atغاضب من

على

 ینبح

bark atشي

 من

 غاضب

angry at (Sth)

brilliant atنابغ في"arrive atمكان صغی"یصل إلى

"buy atسع"یشتري بـastonished atمندھش من

(call atمكا(یزورat (the) universityفي الجامع

clever atماھر فيat 2 o'clockالساعة الثانیفي تمام

expert atخبیر فيat a glanceفي لمح

fire atیطلق النار علىتخمینا

at a guess

gaze atیحدق فيat a high priceبسعر مرتف

في

 جید

good atمرتبك

/متردد

/متحی

at a losshopeless atفاقد األمل

at a temperature ofعند درجة حرار

 joke atیسخر منat any rateمھما تكن الظرو

یضحك على

laugh atat breakfastعند الفطو

pleased at (sth)مسرور منat dawnعند الفج

point atیشیر إلىمذن

at fault

quick atسریع فيat first sightمن النظرة األول

sad atحزین علىat leastعلى األقل

مصدوم من

shocked atat leisureفي وقت الفرا

shout atیصرخ فيبإسھا/مطوال

at length

skilful atماھر فيح

at liberty

skilful atبارع فياألغل/على األكثر

at most

 في slow atبطيat noonعند الظھر

smile atیبتسم لـat onceفي الحا/الفورعلى

stare atیحدق فيat presentفي الوقت الحاضر

successful atناجح فيat randomبشكل عشوائ

surprised atمندھش منat seaعند البحر

على

 یرمي

throw atالشم

 شروق

 عند

at sunrisewonderful atرائع في

at the cinemaفي السینم

By 

 by and largeعلى العمومby 10 o’clockقبل الساعة العاشر

باألص/بالمولد

by birthبالمائ٠بمقدار  by 10 per cent

by busبواسطة األوتوبیسبالصدف

by accident

شیك

 بواسطة

by chequeأحم

 قبل

 من

by Ahmedبإجماع اآلرا/بكل المقایی by farإلى حد ما  by all accounts

بالقوة

by force by and byعما قری

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By

by taxiبواسطة التاكسيبالی

by hand

by telephoneبواسطة التلیفونغیبا/عن ظھر قلب  by heart

بالیوم

by the dayبالح

by luck By the seaبجانب البحر

بواسط

by means of

 By the wayبالمناسبة by mistakeبالخط

(catch byالذرا(یمسك من by nightfallبحلول الظال

كل على حد/بالدور  one by oneby Octoberبحلول شھر أكتوب

 side by sideجنبا إلى جنبللتعلیمابعات

by order

 step by stepخطوة بخطوة by seaبحر

In

in dangerفي خطر+ ....have trouble inلدیھ ألم في

عضو

 

in demandمطلوب بكثرةنقص ف

a decrease in

بالتفصیل

in detailan increase inزیادة ف

in doubtفي شك"arrive inمكان كبی"یصل إلى

عوضا ع/مقابل

in exchange forbelieve inیؤمن ب

in factفي الحقیقةیستنش

breathe in

لمؤید

in favor ofادخ

come in

مشتعل

in flamesdeal inیتاجر ف

أمام

in front ofصعوبة ف

difficulty in

in funعلى سبیل المزاحemploy inیتوظف ف

in generalبوجھ عامexpert inخبیر ف

in Germanyفي ألمانیاfail inیفشل ف

in handمسیطر علی/في الیدfill inیمأل استمار

in honor ofعلى شرفیدخل/یصل

get in

in Italianباللغة اإلیطالیةمستعج

in a hurry

مع

 حب

 عالقة

 على

in love withمرتفع

 بصوت

/منخف

in a loud/ low voicein memory ofفي ذكرى

باختصا/بإیجاز

in a nutshell

in need ofبحاجة إلىطابو/في صف

in a queue

in oilsمرسوم باأللوان الزیتیةin a rowعلى التوال

بھد/لكي

in order toin Africaفي أفریقی

in other wordsبعبارة أخرىin aid ofإعانة ل

وج/في ألم

in painھذی و يتأی/راخلا و لخادلاin and out

in pairsفي أزواجالسریفي

in bed

شخصیا

in personin charge ofمسئول ع

in prisonفي السجنبثق

in confidence

مستم/جاري

in progress in control ofمسیطر

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In

participate inیشارك فيin realityفي الحقیق

 persist inصر علىمحط/مھدم

in ruins

إلى

 یؤدي

result inع

 باحثا

In search ofrich inغني ب

حیا

in the flesh

succeed inینجح فيin the morningفي الصبا

یخدع

take inin the newspaperفي الجرید

take part inیشترك فينظریا

in theory

they Have things in commonلدیھم خصائص مشتركةمستخد

in use

trade inیتاجر فيin vainبال جدو

trust inیثق فيinterested inمھتم ب

ضعیف في

weak ininvolved inمھتم ب

(write in (ink)الحب(یكتب بkeep in touch withیبقى على تواصل م

On

یعیش على

live onact onیعمل بمشور

oblige onیجبر علىan attack onھجوم عل

on arrivalعلى وصولan expert onخبیر ف

یذی/یبث

on (the) airbank onیعتمد عل

on a dietیتبع نظاما غذائیاbase onیعتمد عل

on a tourفي جولة (blame (sth) on (sb)شي(على)شخ(یلوم

on a tripفي رحلة(call on (sb)شخ(یزور

on an expeditionفي رحلة استكشافیةتعا

come on

on and offعلى نحو متقطعcomment onیعلق عل

باستمرار

on and onconcentrate onیركز ف

التجربة

 تحت

/الموافق

 on approvalینتظر

congratulate onیھنئ عل

on averageفي المعدلcount onیعتمد عل

بكفالة

)مالی

(on bailعل

 یعتمد

depend onon behalf ofبالنیابة عن

dependent onمعتمد عل

on birthdayفي عید میالدیقتص/خفف في

economize on

على ظھرالطائر/السفینة

on boardexperiment onیجرب عل

on businessفي عملfeed onیتغذى عل

للطلبجاھز

/االستدعا

 on callتحت

یستم

go on

on condition thatبشرط أنimpress onیؤثر عل

ن

یدلاب

on creditصر عل

insist on

العم/في الخدمة

on dutyمصم/عازم على

intent on

on edgeمتوتر األعصابkeen onمولع ب

مشتعل

on fireیستم

keep on

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On

الحصان

 على

on the horseاألقدا

 على

on footon the newsفي األخبار

on Fridayفي یوم الجمع

on the outskirtفي الضواحيon good termsعالقات طیب

on the pavementعلى الرصیفon horsebackعلى ظھر الحصا

on the televisionعلى التلفیزیونفجأ

on impulse

إجماال

on the wholeمعا

on loan

on timeفي وقتھ المحددon my way toفي طریقي إل

operate onیجري عملیة علىإطالقا/بتاتا

on no condition

یرتدي

put onon paradeفي طابور عسكر

على

 یعتمد

rely onعمدا

on purpose(reply onتلیفو(یرد على

on saleمتوفر في األسوا

ینتقم

revenge onon scheduleحسب الموع

spend onینفق مال علىon sightبمجرد االطال

take pity on (sb)یشفق علىon the beachعند الشاط

wait onیخدم علىon the busفي األوتوبیس

waste onیبدد عل/یسرفon the contraryعلى العك

على/یعمل في

work onon the floorعلى األر

From

"hear from (sb)شخ"یسمع منیقترض من

borrow from

keep away fromیبتعد عنdeviate fromینحرف عن/یحید عن

(یحصل علىشي

عن)

obtain fromببسب تومی)داح/رم(die from

prevent fromمنع منdiffer fromیختلف عن

profit fromیستفید منdifferent fromمختلف عن

من

 یحمي

protect fromمن

 یمنع

discourage fromreceive (sth) fromیستلم من

یفصل من/یطرد من

dismiss from

recover fromیشفى منأال)شخ(یقنع

dissuade (sb) from

rescue fromنقذ منdistinguish fromیتمیز عن

resign fromیستقیل منescape fromیھرب من

result fromنتج عنfrom 2 o'clockمنذ الساعة الثانیة

نفصل عن

separate fromfrom Ahmedمن أحم

نیتوقف ع

stop fromfrom Londonمن لندن

suffer fromیعاني منfrom now onمن اآلن فصاعدا

 ))اللھم أعنا على ذكرك وشكرك و حسن عبادتك((

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The Diamond In English

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Of

guilty ofمذنب بa supply ofكمیة م

 hear ofیسمع عنaccused ofمتھم ب

ignorant ofجاھل فيafraid ofخائف م

Independent ofمستقل عنashamed ofخجالن من

غیران

 jealous ofل

 مدرك

aware of

مصنوع من

made ofboast ofیتفاخر ب

یضحك على

make fun ofبواسط

by means of

panic ofرعب منcapable ofقادر عل

proud ofفخور بcomplain ofیشكو م

remind ofیذكر بcompose ofیتألف م

یتو/یندم على

repent ofconsist ofیتكون م

rob (SB) of (STH)یسرق منcure (sb) of (sth)یعالج م

من

 خائف

scared ofیحرم

)شخ

(من

deprive (sb) ofsure ofمتأكد من

یائس م

despair of

(die ofالعط/الجوع(یموت منsuspicious ofمرتاب في

take care ofیعتني بیتخلص م

dispose of

terrified ofخائف منdream ofیحلم ب

the aim ofھدف لfear ofخوف م

the cause ofسبب لfond ofمعجب ب/مولع

the city of Zagazigمدینة الزقازیقfrightened ofخائف م

think ofیفكر فيget out ofیخرج م

متضای/سئم/ضجر

tired / sick ofیتخلص م

get rid of

For

feel pity forیشفق علىل

 عالج

a cure for

fit forمناسب لa treatment forعالج ل

for a whileلمدة قصیرةanxious forمتلھف عل

for agesلمدة طویلةapologize forیعتذر ألج

للتسلیة

for funلیقدم

 طلبا

apply for

for grantedمن المسلماتیطل

ask for

لإلیجار

for rentblame (sb) for (sth)یلوم عل

للبیع

for salecare for (sb)یعتني ب

أمیا٠لمسافة

for ten mileseasy forسھل ل

for the time beingفي الوقت الحاضرenough forكافي ل

سنتیلمدة

for two yearsexchange forیستبدل ب

for your sakeمن أجلكexcuse forیعتذر ل

ل

 یستعد

get ready forب

 مشھور

famous for

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For

 ل prepare forیستعدgo forیذھب ل

provide (sth) for (sb)یزود شخص بgood forجید ل

ل

 مستعد

ready forلشاك

Grateful to (sb) for (sth) 

 ل reason forسببhope forیأمل ب

 ل remedy forدواin return forفي مقاب

responsible forمسئول عنinclined forیمیل ل

search forیبحث عنlate forمتأخر عن

یصرف على

spend forleave forیغادر ل

suitable forمناسب لlong forیشتاق ل

supply (sth) for (sb)یزود شخص بعن

 یبحث

look for

یشكر

)شخ

(عل

thank (sb) forعن

 یبحث

look forینتظر

wait forpay forیدفع الثمن

Out

out of luckغیر محظوظینقر

die out

out of placeفي غیر محلھ الصح out of conditionسي

out of printنفدت طبعتھout of dateقدیم الموض

المتناوبعید

 عن

out of reachالطل

 الھوا

 في

out of doors

out of seasonفي غیر موسمھout of handخارج عن السیطر

out of the ordinaryغیر عاد/استثنائيout of sightعن األنظابعید

ستعمیعد ملم

out of useout of stepغیر منتظ

یختار

pick outout of stockغیر متوفر في السو

About

ب

 یحلم

dream aboutمن

 غاضب

)شي

(angry about

excited aboutمنفعل ب(annoyed aboutشي(منمتضای

happy aboutسعید بanxious aboutقلق عل

hear aboutیسمع عنask aboutیسأل ع

Inform aboutیبلغ عنcare aboutیھتم ب

Inquire aboutیستفسر عنcertain aboutمتأكد م

tell aboutیخبر عن(complain aboutشي/شخص(یشكو من

think aboutیفكر فيconcerned aboutقلق بشأ

worried aboutقلق علىفیشك

doubtful about

))وعدتنا

 كما

 لنا

 فاستجب

 أمرتنا

 كما

 دعوناك

 إنا

 اللھم

(( 

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Into

یصطدم ب

crash intoبحث ف

a research into

یفص/یقسم

divided intoیقتح

break into

یصطدم ب

drive intoیصطدم ب

bump into

run intoیقابل بالصدف/یصطدم ب burst intoینفج

یقسم

/إل

 یفصل

split intoإل

 یتحول

change into

turn / make intoیتحول إلىconvert intoیتحول إل

To

معرض ل

liable toaccording toطبقا ل

على

 یكذب

lie toعل

 متعود

accustomed tolisten toیستمع إلى

یضیف إل

add to

look forward toیأمل فيamounting toمساو ل

married toمتزوج بan answer toإجابة ل

native toینتمي إلىapply toیتقدم بطلب ل

obedient toمطیع لattribute toیعزو إل

یعترض على

object toیخ

belong to

یحدث ل

occur toقریب م

close to

على

 یعترض

oppose toبین

 یقارن

"یشب

"compare (sth) to (sth)

(یفضلشي

(على)شي

(Prefer (sth) to (sth)(یشكو ل

شخ

(complain to

متصل ب/مرتبط ب

related to contrary toعلى العكس من

(reply toشخ(یرد علىتلف ف

damage to

resistant toمقاوم لمتلھف ل

eager to

similar toمشابھ لمخطوب ل

engaged to

solution toحل لequal toمساو ل

(subscribe toمجل/جریدة(یشترك فيمعرض ل

exposed to

superior toمتفوق علىمخلص ل

faithful to

ل

 یستسلم

surrender toل

 شاكر

grateful to (sb) for (sth) 

 thankful to (sb) for (sth)شاكر لin accordance toطبقا ل

useful toمفید للك

in order to

حیوي ل

vital toinstruct toیرشد إل

راغب في

willing to"introduce (sb) to (sb)شخ"ل"شخ"یقدم

with reference toبالنسبة لیؤدي إل

lead to

)))خاتمتنا

 أحسن

 اللھم

((( 

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To + ing

look forward toیتطلع إلىBe accustomed toیعتاد عل

یعترض على

object toBe used toیعتاد عل

یفضل على

prefer (sth) to (sth)contribute toیساھم ف

یتعو/یدمن

take / stick toیكرس ل

devote to

 و صفات و مصطلحات مع حرف جر متنوعة فعال

right aboutعلى حق فيضد القانو

against the law

یناضل ض/جاھد

struggle againstbranch intoیتفرع إل

translate intoیترجم إلىcare about (sth)یھتم ب

قاصر

under ageconvert intoیتحول إل/یحول إلى

معتقل

under arrestdivide intoینقسم إل

تحت الدراس/قید المناقشة

under discussiondoubtful about (sth)شاك في

under the weatherمتوعك صحیا/مریضfight againstیقاتل ض

uneasy aboutغیر مرتاح/قلق بشأنoff dutyخارج الخدم

یصوت ضد

vote againstممنو

off limits

within minutesفي غضون دقائقفجأ

out of the blue

بالتأكی/حتما

without failrebel againstیثور عل

The Diamond

Second editionMr / Hatem Kamal 

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ھم حروف لجر و ألفعال لو ردة بمنھج لمرحلة لثانویة و ما یصحبھا من فعال

 .ما یساویھو صفات و مصطلحات و

لمصطللمعنلمصطللمعنى

+  buyیدفعسلعة

 + at + )مبل

(  able to + infقادر عل

 by all means = certainlyبالتأكید adapt to = get on withیتأقل

باستخدام

by means of = by usingیقد/عجب

admire (sb) for (sth)

بمفردي

by myself = aloneagree (on/about)یوافق عل

بفضل

by virtue of = thanks toیھدف إل

aim to + inf = aim at + "v+ing"

call forدعوة ل/یدعوapart from = except forما عد

call onیزور شخص+ apply forیتقدم لوظیف "   مكا/وظیف/شركة " 

Capable of + ingقادر على+ apply toیتقدم لوظیف " شخ/مقابلة " 

"care aboutبشي"یھتمargue aboutیتجادل بشأ

"care for = look afterبشخ"یھتمargue againstیتجادل ض

یواك/سایر

catch up withargue forیتجادل م

collaborate withیتعاون مع(argue withشخ(یتجادل مع

+  complain aboutیشتكي من (شخص

 /شي

) (arrive atمكان صغی(یصل

+ complain ofیشتكي من  (مرض)(arrive inمكان كبی(یصل

ل

 یشكو

 complain to + (شخص

) عم

 في

 at the age of + )سن

(  

consult aboutیستشیر بشأنaware ofواعي بشأ

contribute to + v+ingیساھم فيمتل/سي

bad for = damaging to

cooperate withیتعاون معمتل/سي

bad for = harmful to

 cope with = go withیواك/سایرbenefit fromینتفع م

(covered inبنفس الشي(مغطىblame (sb) for (sth)یلقي اللو

 آخ(مغطى (covered withبشيblame (sth) on (sb)یلقي اللو

من

 یعالج

 cure (sb) of (disease)ینھار

"أشخا

/ "یتعطل

"أشیا

" break downیقط/یجتذ

cut down treesیقتح

break into

خطیر

dangerous to(break outمر/حر(ینشب

"deal withشي"یحل"/أشخا"یتعاملتدھو/اضمحالل

break up

یتق/یجید

have a good command ofصعوب

difficult to + inf

أسرع

hurry upصعوب

difficulty in + "v+ing"

in charge of = take overمسئول عنdispense withیستغني ع

مقابل

 في

in exchange for /in return toع

 تقریر

 یعمل

do report onin recognition ofاعترافا ب

do with outیستغني ع

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لمصطللمعنلمصطللمعنى

 in the age of Morsyفي عھد dressed upیتنك

in the end = at lastفي النھایة drop offینا/ینزل من مواصالت

المحدد

 الوقت

 قبل

in timeف

 تأثیر

effect onincrease byزیادة بمقدار

enquire aboutیتسائل ع

increase inزیادة فيexpert (in /on)خبیر ف

یبلغ

inform (of/about)مشھو

famous for (sth) to (sb) 

صر على

insist on = persist infill inیمأل استمار

یواك/سایر

keep up withفصیح ف/طلیق

fluent in

عطوف على

kind to عل focus onیلقى الضو

یخبط

knock (on/at)یتب/یحذو

follow in

یؤدي إلى

lead to + "v+ing"مھووس ب

fond of = crazy about

یكذب على

lie tofor exampleعلى سبیل المثا

یحتقر

look down on (sth/sb) for instanceعلى سبیل المثا

یشبھ

look like = take afterمحب

frustrated with

یحترم

look up to (sth/sb) ب ملي

full of = filled with

مصنوع بواسطة

made byغاضب م

furious with

 مصنوع من

)الخا

 المادة

 شكل

 تغیر

 مع

(

made fromیحمل

gaze at = stare at

مصنوع في

made inیقص

get at = mean

 مصنوع من)

الخا

 المادة

 شكل

 یتغیر

 ال

(made of

 give back = bring backیحض

یخدع

Make fun of = take in(go offالمنب(یرن/ینفجر

make intoیحول إلىیستم

go on = keep on

یصنع

make out ofgrow intoینمو لیصب

لح/یؤلف/كون

make upgrow upینمو لألشخا

یؤلف

/یكو

make up = composeینتظ

hang onض یع

make up forhang upیعلق الخ

یبن/یعلق/یرفع

put up = raiseیزو

make/pay a visit

یتحمل

put up with = bearmanage toینجح ف

یرفق

put within = enclose of (SB's) own / belong toینتمي ل

سبب ل

reason for +  (اسم) on my own = aloneبمفرد

سبب ل

reason why +(ةلمج)on the contraryعلى العك

في

 معقول

reasonable atتماما

 المحدد

 الوقت

 في

on timeیسرق

rob (sb) of + ( يشلا )فجأ

out of the blue

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لمصطللمعنلمصطللمعنى

یھرب

run awayیتغلب عل

over come

(run onبنزی(یدار بیفی

over flow = flood

ینفذ

run outیقر

/یعتر

own up = admitیستھلك

run out of = use upیعترف ب

own up to + "v+ing"

یكلف

saddle (sb) with (sth)participate in = take part inیشارك ف

خائف من

scared ofیدف

pay +مبلغ

  + for +سلعة

 

یبحث عن

search forpay attention toانتباھھ لیعطي

یودع

see offیتراك

pile up

set offیبدأ رحلةیخد

play trick on

یستعرض

show offplot againstیتآمر ض

یم/یتضایق

sick of = bored withیصو

point at

 speak toیتحدث إلىPoint outیوجھ إل/یوض

یدفع

spend +  مبلغ + on +  سلعةpoint toیشیر إل

stamp outسك العملةشعب

popular with

یسھر

stay up lateprevent fromیقي م

یسرق

steal + الشي ) ) یفتر

prey on

یتنحى

step downیعترض عل

protest about = object to+ ing

في

 ینجح

succeed inزو

 provide (sb) with (sth)

successful (at/in)ناجح في provide (sth) for (sb)زو

supply withیزود بیسج

put (sb) away

suspect inیشك فيیرش

put (sb) forward

یتعاطف مع

sympathize withیؤج

put (sth) off

یفھم

take (sth) input out a fireیطفئ حری

 take (sth) off = removeیحذ/یخلعput out a fireیطفئ حری

بسالح

 شخص

 یھدد

 threaten (sb) with (gun)یھتم

"بشخ

"take care ofto a great extentإلى حد كبیر

take charge = responsible forمسئول ع

عل)شخ(درب

train (sb) intake notes = write downیدون ملحوظا

treatment for = cure forعالج لیقل

take off = fly

"try onمالب"یجربیقل

take off = imitate

 under takeیتعھدیوظ

take on = employ

up useإسا ة استخدامیمی

take to = like

یخدم

wait on = servetake turns toیتبادل أدوا

warn (sb) ofحذر من(take upحی/وظیفة(یشغل

+  was educated atتعلم في  (كلیة)خائف م

terrified of

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 المصطل المعن المصطل المعنى

+  was graduated fromتخرج من + + inكلیة (   عل/مجال )  thank (sb) for (sth)یشك

win prize forیفوز بجائزة لthe fire went outالحریق ینطف

بغضون

/خال

within = inیفع

 لكي

 شخص

 یھدد

threaten (sb) to + inf

1- For :-

# a cheque for 150$ # a need for # a demand for # a reason for

- Ellen gave the landlady a cheque for £80. 

2- Of :-

# an advantage of # a cause of

- The advantage of  living alone is that you can do what you like. 

لكن

 معو

(there is)الجر

 حرف

 یتغیر

:- 

- There is many advantages (in / to) living alone.

3- In :-

Noun + Preposition