The Design Process: Decorative Features 1301/ADM1301 Wk5... · Decorative Features Learning...

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Chapter 5

The Design Process: Decorative Features

Learning Objectives

Brannon Chapter 5 ©2011 Fairchild Books, A Division of Condé Nast 2

Color, texture, line, shape, and pattern in decorative design

Color wheel as a design tool

Fabric hand and drape

Pattern development from motif to arrangement to using plaids and prints

Critiquing a design’s overall appeal structurally, functionally, and decoratively

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Introduction When does a designer add color and fabric to silhouette and structure?

Some designers begin with fabric

Other designers begin designing first and then attach a sample or swatch

The silhouette represents the structural plan for the garment

Also includes functional design and fit and performance factors that add comfort


Introduction

Details are sewn into the garment- topstitching, piping, tucks, ruffles, quilting

Trims are applied to the garment- braids, ribbons, beading, embellishments

Findings are necessary to complete the garment –buttons, zippers, thread


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The Decorative Effects of Color

Colors have multiple meanings and long histories

White light contains all the colors, each with its own wavelength in the electromagnetic spectrum


The Color Wheel

Each hue represents a family of wavelengths

•Primary colors

•Secondary colors

•Tertiary colors

Each color has three distinctive characteristics:

•Hue

•Value

•Saturation


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Value, from Light to Dark

Each color on the color wheel appears at its normal value

White + color = tints

Black + color = shades


Intensity, from Bright to Dull

The color wheel represents pure colors

Mixing in white or black reduces color intensity

A range of subtle neutrals result from mixing two complementary colors

The only true neutrals are white, black, and grey


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Color Temperature, from Warm to Cool

Colors from yellow to red-violet are called warm colors, and violet to yellow-green are called cool colors


Color Schemes

• Monochromatic

• Analogous (a)

• Color complement (b)

• Double complement

• Adjacent complement

• Single split complement (c)

• Double split complement

• Triad (d)

• Tetrad


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Designing with Color

Color attracts attention

Adding color to a design is one of the key decorative decisions — influenced by the color forecast

Decision options multiply when using more complex color schemes


The Decorative Effects of Texture

Texture plays a key part in turning attraction and evaluation into a purchase

Complex tradeoff between appearance, performance, functional characteristics, and price


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Fiber Content Fiber comes from natural or from manmade and synthetic sources

In blends, the disadvantages of one fiber are often offset by the characteristics of the other fiber

Microfibers are very fine

Staple fibers come from natural sources or chopping synthetics to short lengths


Yarn Structure

Textile designers work with the variables of fiber, yarn twist, and yarn ply

Yarns can be twisted in either of two directions —S or Z


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Fabric Structure • Wovens- Warp( length)+Weft (cross)

• Knits

• Nonwovens

• Lace

• Non-fabrics


Finishes Affect either the surface of the fabric or penetrate into the fibers

Some finishes change the appearance and the texture while others add a textural pattern to the fabric

Beyond decorative effects, finishes add performance characteristics


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Applied Surface Design

Novelty fabrics represent a tiny portion of a season’s offerings

May be stenciled, embroidered, beaded, fringed, appliquéd, stitched, or pierced with cutouts


Designing with Texture

Textural characteristics

•Visible appearance characteristics

•Performance characteristics

Texture depends on the interaction with light

•Translucent fabrics

•Transparent fabrics


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The Decorative Effects of Pattern

A fabric designer can choose to incorporate pattern in four ways:

• Woven or knitted into the fabric structure

• Printed on fabric

• As the fabric itself (e.g., lace)

• Applied as surface decoration


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Pattern as Fabric Structure

• Plaids

• Stripes

• Warp or weft floats

• Pile fabrics engineered with loops of various heights

• Double weave fabrics


Designing Prints

Motif: a decorative shape, figure, symbol, or design

Environment motifs can be realistic, naturalistic, or stylized

Abstract motifs stand alone without any recognizable connection to the natural or manmade world

Geometric motifs are derived from mathematical formulas


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Designing Prints

A motif repeated in a regular arrangement creates an allover pattern

Patterned fabrics

•Lace

•Embroidered fabric

•Quilting

•Embossed fabric



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Designing with Patterned Fabric

Analyze the pattern according to:

• Character of the motif

• Intricacy of the motif

• Size of the motif

• The spatial relationship between the motif and the background


The Decorative Effects of Line

Three additional line variations lend themselves to decorative design:

• Thickness

• Continuity

• Consistency


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Evaluating Design Appeal

Step back and critique the design with a fresh viewpoint

The design principles — proportion, balance, rhythm, emphasis, and unity —provide the criteria for evaluation

Final decision to submit, revise, or discard the design


Proportion Compares parts of the design to the whole in terms of distances, sizes, and quantities

Equal divisions are least interesting

Unequal but related divisions are most pleasing to the eye


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Scale

Size relationships between the design components, the entire garment, and the garment and the wearer

Decorative features “in scale” with the structural design and the human form promote the perception of unity


Balance Symmetrical balance = Items identical in appearance and equal in weight appear on either side of a centerline

Asymmetrical balance = Items different in appearance and weight are arranged on either side of a centerline for a feeling of equal weight distribution

Radial balance = All items move outward from a center point


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Rhythm • Repetition

• Parallelism

• Alternation

• Sequence

• Gradation

• Radiation


Emphasis The aspect of the design that attracts attention first becomes the center of interest or focal point

Too many attention-grabbing features can confuse the viewer unless one is dominant


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Unity Unity versus complexity and the consumer’s taste level

Ranges from similar components, to a medley of related influences, to a mixture that ignores harmony in favor of novelty


Decision Time Not every design succeeds—look at each design with the eyes of a shopper

A designer must be canny and professional enough to send only the best into production


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Chapter Summary With structural and functional design developed and critiqued, the next stage is to develop the decorative features

When choosing fabric, consider texture, color, and pattern

Decorative details and trim add interest, define the areas of emphasis, and enhance the mood of the design

The design principles are useful criteria in critiquing the overall appeal of the design

Not every design succeeds but each does build the skills and experience of the designer


The Design Process: Decorative Features 1301/ADM1301 Wk5... · Decorative Features Learning...

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