The Deerwalker Volume I Issue IV

The Deerwalker

ISSUE IV

THE DEERWALKER CLUB IN THIS ISSUE

Mind Mapping

There are times when we work on a project or a task, we have so many things going in our minds.

Page 7

“The 5 programming languages you need to know” One of my mentors once told me that a programming language is just a programming language. It doesn't matter if you're a good programmer, it's the syntax that matters,” But actually this isn’t …

Page 16

Editor – In – Chief

Bhawana Dahal

Editors

Ruby Shrestha

Sunil Shrestha

Bidish Acharya

Asmita Kunwar

Columnists

Binod Aryal (Designer)

Sumit Shrestha

Reporters

Ronit Pradhan (Designer)

Bhishan Bhandari

Aswin Aryal

Our Message Dear Readers,

We present you the fourth volume of The Deerwalker.

Before you read it, we bet that this issue is the real-most issue we have published. Reality at its best, fellow readers. Reality of finding writers at Deerwalk Institute of Technology. Surprising faces wrote for us this time ,more like ,we made them write for us but little truth is sometimes, much sweeter than the entire one.

This issue comprises of articles from many surprising writers from DWIT. This time around, we gave that extra push to our tech-freak friends and brought out the writers in them. And, we take immense pride in having done so. The outcome is a beautiful blend of an honest attempt and honest writing. We congratulate and thank all the writers of this issue, for this issue.

Thank you!!

THE DEERWALKER | Issue IV 3

It is said that a hungry man is an angry man. I was hungry, no doubt; but it was with a feeling of relief that I knocked on the door of my house. I saw the same emotion on my mother’s face when she opened

it. I went into my room and breathing a sigh of relief, sank into the bed. For some time, I just laid there thinking about the past three hours.

At 5 pm the bell signaled the end of yet another day at school and just like any other day I walked up to the stop to catch my bus. I however was in for an unpleasant surprise when I saw not a vehicle in sight. I overheard people talking and gathered that a public bus had hit a pedestrian several block away and the local people were not letting any vehicle run in protest. It was then, that with a jolt of my hungry stomach, I realized I had to walk home.

The distance between my school and my home was roughly seven kilometers with the last part of that journey being a steep climb. Walking home from school was something I had never done before and attempting with a hungry stomach was daunting indeed.

Road accidents were at that time, and still are very common in Nepal; just like the senseless and sometimes violent protests that follow. This was one of the many similar incidents that took place around the time.

As I moved on, a sense of dread crept in. Those days I used to be frail and weak and used to fall ill regularly. “What if I do not make it

home?” I thought “What if I faint

somewhere on the way?” Another

part of me however said “Do not

think like that, just put one foot in front of the other and let’s see

where we can get. If a situation arises, then it shall be dealt with, when it does.” So steeling my mind

from negative thoughts, I began to think about the song “we shall

overcome…”

Finally, I began the climb and my

body was aching for rest. Never in my life had I walked such a distance, let alone with a back-pack full of books and a hungry stomach. I was gritting my teeth and trying to block the pain in my legs and shoulders as much as I could. I kept telling myself “Just a

bit further…”, “You can do it…” just willing one foot to go in front of the other.

After an hour that seemed to last a century, at long, long last, I saw my house. I had never appreciated what it meant to me as I did at that moment. I had never been happier to see my own house. Thinking that I had just accomplished something that used to be unthinkable for me, I knocked on the door thinking “I

did it.” and that’s that, my longest journey home.

A hungry man is an angry man. by Subigya Kumar Nepal


Fun with Programming

Deerwalk Institute of Technology

by Sumit Shrestha

A IT college in Kathmandu City

Where there is no problem of damn electricity

Stepping inside it's always a fun day

Computer expert all around us doing things their way

Trying to catch our dream and bright aim

Coming here realized coding isn't a game

Experiencing new things everyday

Still got time to reach far away

Enjoying every moment of impossibility

Proud to be a student of Deerwalk Institute of Technology

1 2

4 6

8 3 10

5

7

9

Across

1. Float, int, double and char are known as …….. (9)

3. Used to separate actions to be carried out (9)

5. Loop inside a loop (5)

7. Its value cannot be altered by the program (8)

9. Expresses some action to be carried out (9)

Down

2. Process of arranging the values in ascending or descending order (7)

4. Represents ‘?’ operator (7)

6. Refers directly to another value (7)

8. Passing an argument in a function (9)

10. Used as annotation (7)


Advantages:

Problem solving skills and logic development: As a gamer, we often face situations where we have to depend upon our problem solving skills. Constantly trying to solve puzzles makes our brain sharper and makes us smarter. Games like LIMBO really takes our problem solving capacity to another level.

Concentration and Coordination between different organs: In games like Counter strike, a player has to keep running and shooting all the time. During the game, a player must be very instinctive and his eye-hand coordination comes into play to get the better off the game.

Planning and Resources management:

Gaming teaches us how to make the most out of minimal resources. Games such as Age of Empires, SimCity actually teaches gamers how to build stuff while collecting and expanding their cities. According to AMERICAN PLANNING ASSOCIATION, game SimCity has inspired many gamers to join building and community development.

Learning to read and to follow instructions: I remember playing Unchanged Waters: New Horizon. During the game play, I had to math’s, complex addition and subtraction in order to keep my ships floating and crew alive. Gaming can improve your language and vocabulary. Games such as Age of Empires teaches people about the historical events of different eras and

geographical knowledge of different countries.

Making like-minded Friends: Gaming has one benefit to a gamer that is related to his social life: Making likeminded friends. As a gamer, I have many friends that live in distant part of the world whom I’ve never seen before but are friends because we share a same interest. Gaming helps you to communicate with others. Also any gaming topic can be used as a conversation starter among many people regardless of whether the other person plays the game or not. These are few of many advantages that gaming has in our lives. It is almost impossible to write down all the advantages of gaming. But it’s not all good. Gaming if done excessively and careless can literally destroy a person's career. Below listed are some of the disadvantages of gaming:

EFFECTS OF GAMING: by Avusan Gautam

Games are Games. They come in all genres and platforms. In this era, where technologies has taken over our realities, gaming has become a part of our daily life style. Everyone can be found playing game once in a while. People who play games are called gamers but not everyone can be a gamer. Being a gamer requires complete dedication and loyalty and there is a huge risk involved.


Disadvantages:

ANTI-SOCIAL: (This problem is so big, I simply had to capitalize it) Obsessive gaming can deprive a person from being social. A true-gamer will always prefer playing games in his machine than hang out with his friends. When he actually goes out with them and the conversation strays away from his interest, the situation becomes depressing and the person becomes irritable. This creates a void in his life, something that cannot be filled easily.

Trouble focusing on studies/work: Gaming can be very addictive, so addictive that a person will constantly try to play the game in his head when he is not in his machine. He'll constantly have flashbacks of his last encounter in the game, he'll remind himself of the mistakes he made and he tries to find a better solution to solve it.. While this may develop his problem solving skills and logical analysis, this

spells disaster in his career. The gamer cannot concentrate on his life goal, slowly straying away from his

work/assignment and ultimately ruining him. (Very relatable).

Physical Fitness, Lack of: Gamers are used to sitting in front of their machine with very little or no exercises. Slowly it becomes uncomfortable to move around. Many gamers are also reported to have developed backache and stiffness.

Lack of sleep: Gamers have unusual sleeping habits. Many sleep after midnight while some go to extreme limits and don’t sleep for days. This causes many health hazards such as

dullness, laziness, eye patches and unable to function properly during the days.

Violent games such as GTA have been reported to be the cause of the destruction caused by teenagers but it is foolish to say that a game can encourage people to cause harm to other person. Either way, games should be played

once in a while. Professional gaming has proved that there is a hope for want to be gamers. But those people that only want to pass some time should stay away from being addicted. Or else, the worse will befall on them.


Mind Mapping by Milan Lamichhane

There are times when we work on a project or a task, we have so many things going in our minds. We think a lot about small components related to that project or task but it’s really hard to relate one with other. We know what

needs to be done but we don’t know where to start. If we make a list of those components or take notes, it will surely help to get started. However, there is a better way to work this out.

Mind mapping is a technique to visually represent and organize information. It basically ‘maps out’ your ideas.

You start with a subject and build an intuitive framework around it. The outcome will be a non-linear graphical layout.

Let’s explain this with an example. Suppose you are working on a project to build a simple website. You already

know the requirements and have started brainstorming. You know that there are standard pages for each website and you start taking note. Starting with home page, about us page, contact us page, etc., you make a list of couple of pages that needs to be in that website. You add few more pages and other artifacts to your list as you start working on it. The problem with such list or notes is that, they lack showing connection between items. Now let’s

try with mind mapping.

You start with a subject. In this case, a “Website”. Start adding pages and connect them to the center subject.

The first step of creating a map is just to add items. Even if something is not related to center topic at this time, just add it.


Now, let’s work with each item in the map. In the header section, you know that there will be a logo, navigation

links and graphical links to social media like Facebook, Twitter, etc. Let’s add them too.

Along with the header, we also added items related to footer and side navigation. You must agree that this is much better than a simple list of items. Let’s re-visit the map and make it even better.

Here we moved all the pages under sub-pages section. Similarly, you can add more items and arrange them in a way they should be.

You can create a mind map using pen and paper. However, there are free and commercial applications to help you build such maps. Some of the applications even let you track the progress of each items.

Mind mapping is very powerful tool to represent your idea visually. It also helps relating one item to another.


It's been a year and a half since I've been using Linux based Operating System (Ubuntu). I came across many hurdles and obstacles when I was a newbie for this platform, but, I am quite comfortable now. I can solve the problems myself and can work with Linux OS without any hindrance. My journey with Linux is an amazing experience. The first time I was encountered with Linux was when I was in the first semester and it was the first time I saw Ubuntu installed in our DWIT lab’s server. I was so

fascinated by its mechanism and its GUI feature. Then and there I decided that I will install Ubuntu on my laptop. When I first installed it, I had no idea what Linux was meant for. So, I did some research and found many amazing things that we can do with Linux. I installed Ubuntu alongside windows OS by viewing the dual boot tutorials from YouTube. Then I started learning some basic commands of Linux from the Internet. One thing you must remember, if you plan to use any Linux based OS then you are about to face many problems related to it. And the best way to solve those problems is through the Internet. Nobody taught me how to use Ubuntu. I taught it to myself.

Talking about the present situation, I find my seniors and juniors crazy about Linux, which is a nice thing actually. Likewise, I see many of my friends ask me to instruct them how to use Ubuntu. But that's not the way you learn to use Linux based OS. The Internet is your best tutor. Everyone can learn how to use Linux based OS if you are really willing to. So, my advice for anyone who is willing to use Linux based OS is, just install it and play with it. I am sure you will face many problems but don't worry, the whole Internet is there to aid you. Again, if you think you are going to use Windows OS for the rest of your life – “think again”; there's the Linux world out there. Nevertheless, I also want to mention some points on why you should choose Linux over windows.

First and foremost, it's entirely free.

Forget about computer viruses Forget about drivers

Why use pirated software if you get free software’s for

Linux platform for free Run windows application

in Linux as well Has the support of a

worldwide community of developers who contribute to the source code, security fixes and system enhancements.

Regular Updates

My journey with Linux-Ubuntu by Sagar Giri

Some Best Linux OS among DWIT students:

1. Ubuntu

2. Linux Mint

3. Fedora

4. Red Hat Linux

5. Elementary OS

6. openSUSE

“The Linux philosophy is 'Laugh in the face of danger'. Oops. Wrong One. 'Do it yourself'. Yes, that's it.” -Linus Torvalds


When we hear the term GPS, we get an image of a device showing a map, our path and our current location. We all can now facilitate ourselves with its service by having it installed in our smart phones, or in our cars of course, or by just buying one GPS navigator. I reckon that many of us have used GPS, at least once in our life in one way or another, and so, have been able to familiarize ourselves with its uses. Expounding its benefits, it helps us a lot with finding the path when we get lost or in determining the shortest way to take to get to our destination. Furthermore, we don’t have to take those big and

boring maps for tracing all the required paths. GPS has, of course, made our lives easier. However, few of us know how it works and what type of science and technology it uses for disseminating its users with accurate information.

Before knowing about the working principle of GPS, let us get some idea of its history. GPS was invented by the US Department of Defense (D.O.D) in 1960 for military purposes with the aim of preventing the soldiers from getting get lost in deserts or in wars. It was also used in missiles and to keep track of the submarines. Then, it was made public in May of 2000 to help us all get acquainted with and make use of its benefits. The U.S. Air Force develops, maintains, and operates the GPS system.

As of now, there are 30 GPS satellites orbiting the Earth from which only 24 are functional and

the rest are for backup purposes, that is, to be used in case any satellite malfunctions or fails. These satellites are located in such a way that at any moment, no matter from where we are, we can have at least 4 satellites above us. So next time when you look at the clear sky at night and see some star like structures moving at a certain speed, then be sure that it’s the

GPS satellite above you.

The GPS system works following a mathematical theory called Trilateration. Trilateration is the process of determining exact or relative locations by measurement of distances, using the geometry of circles, spheres or triangles. It’s

like drawing three circles and the intersection of those three circles is the location. Not only trilateration, there’s one big science in GPS, and

that is none other than Time. Yeah! You heard it right. Time has a great role in enabling the GPS system to run accurately because without the perfect sync of time between your GPS device and the satellite, you are going to get lost, I mean, GPS won’t work properly. The reason

there should be a perfect sync of time can be described using the

relativity theory of our great scientist, Albert Einstein, which explains that gravity affects time i.e. time near the Earth is slower than the time on the space. So if the time of our GPS devices doesn’t match with the time of

satellite it’s going to malfunction

and won’t show us the right

direction. Thus, perfect sync of time is crucial in GPS system. To make the time equal in both Earth and Space, Satellite uses the Atomic Clock. Atomic Clock measures the time of electron to revolve round the nucleus and convert it in seconds. Since the time required by the electron to revolve round its nucleus is same in this whole universe and is not affected by any other external gravitational force, we get a perfect sync of time. Furthermore, for the Earth GPS devices the perfect time is given by the GPS towers and the satellites too.

Remember I told you that we get 4 satellites at any moment? 4 is because 3 satellites are used to find the coordinates of the point or person using trilateration (3 spheres by satellites and 1 sphere is acted itself by the Earth) and the fourth one makes sure that everything is going well. Satellites throw some radio waves along with some data that travel at almost the same speed as the speed of light. These are then captured by our GPS devices on the Earth to find the location. And with the good team effort of 4 satellites, we get an amazing result of our position on Earth. With the advancement of GPS system we can also track down our motion, our speed and even our altitude.

Global Positioning System (GPS)

by Rishav Bhurtel


Human beings are, by far, the most

intelligent species to have ever

walked on the Earth. We are also

the ones who have

exploited her the

most. We have

progressed a lot from

the time of the

prehistoric humans to

the all-conquering

social beings for

which nothing is

impossible. All

through the time of

our progress, we have

consumed more from

nature than have given to it and

have severely depleted the quality

of the environment. But today, we

stand at a point where (because of

our intelligence), we have to

choose either to stay still or to

progress even more. Industries are

the symbols of human

development, but when it comes to

environment, industries are the

ultimate villains. We are striving to

find a balance between industries,

our achievements and the

environment, our only home. But,

is this balance achievable or even

feasible?

Since the time of the industrial

revolution, industries have been the

propellers of human progress. The

money generated by its industries

today runs almost every country.

The prerequisite for every industry

are the raw materials, which come,

in one way or the other, from

nature. So, the more the industries

flourish, the more natural resources

are used up. Growing industries

need more and more resources,

which mean faster depletion of

resources. Also, as population

grows, industries are expected to

produce more, which they do by

exploiting the environment even

more.

Many medicines

are obtained from

rare plants and

herbs. When the

population

increases, the

demands for these

medicines will also

increase, which in turn will have

direct impact on the extinction of

the plants that they are obtained

from.

The growing number of industries

requires a large amount of power to

function seamlessly and smoothly.

The increased amount of power

consumption will increase the

carbon emissions, which have

already reached dangerous levels.

The emissions enhance the effects

Can the needs of industries and environment ever be balanced?

by Nikita Gautam


of global warming and the

environment is badly affected.

If we choose to protect the

environment instead, we have to

cut the emissions of

greenhouse gases first.

It will mean that

vehicles will have to be

used less often or not at

all. This is not an easy

thing to do. Our daily

life will come to a

virtual standstill if there

are no taxis, buses or

Airplanes to board.

Even if we do manage

with much less vehicles

by walking or cycling, the big

industries will not. Many multi-

national companies like Toyota,

Ford, General Motors, Kia and

many others will go out of

operation. This will have serious

repercussions on the economy of

the world.

Using fuel-efficient cars can

reduce carbon emissions.

However, these cars are more

expensive than normal cars and are

not suitable for mass-production.

The Tata Nano is a car

manufactured in India, which is

very cheap. It costs less than a

thousand dollars. Toyota’s fuel-

efficient hybrid automobiles are no

matches for the Nano as they are

and will be preferred by majority of

the population. Thus, Toyota

cannot mass-produce hybrid cars

just for the sake of environment.

Much work is being done these

days to protect the environment

while ensuring that industries do

not go out business. We are using

more renewable source of energy

– the wind and solar energy. We

are increasing the use of bio-fuel

instead of petroleum fuel day by

day. People are becoming more

eco-conscious and taking radical

steps to conserve the

environment. Many people walk

to work and avoid using vehicles

as far as possible. It is believed that

one in every five person cancels his

flight every week in the UK for

reasons related to the environment.

However, all of this work is not

effective if not carried out on a

large scale. The use of bio fuel is

not sensible in the context of food

shortages around the world. The

wind and solar energy are not ready

to replace petro-energy yet. Thus,

in the present context and with the

present day technology, finding a

balance between industrial

development and environmental

protection is very difficult, if not

impossible as progress in one leads

regress in the other.

“CUTTING A TREE DOWN

DOESN'T KILL IT; IT ERASES IT

FROM HISTORY.”

― THE WOMBAT


ALAN TURING

Alan Mathison Turing (23 June 1912 – 7 June 1954) was a British mathematician, logician, cryptanalyst, philosopher, computer scientist, mathematical biologist, and marathon and ultra-distance runner. He was highly influential in the development of computer science, providing a formalization of the concepts of "algorithm" and "computation" with the Turing machine, which can be considered a model of a general purpose computer. Turing is widely considered to be the father of theoretical computer science and artificial intelligence."

During World War II, Turing worked for the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) at Bletchley Park, Britain's code breaking center. For a time he led Hut 8, the section responsible for German naval cryptanalysis. He devised a number of techniques for breaking German ciphers, including improvements to the pre-war Polish bombe method, an electromechanical machine that could find settings for the Enigma machine. Winston Churchill said that Turing made the single biggest contribution to Allied victory in the war against Nazi Germany. Turing's pivotal role in cracking intercepted coded messages enabled the Allies to defeat the Nazis in several crucial battles.

ENIAC

ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer) was the first electronic general-purpose computer. It was Turing-complete, digital, and capable of being reprogrammed to solve "a large class of numerical problems".

ENIAC was initially designed to calculate artillery firing tables for the United States Army's Ballistic Research Laboratory. When ENIAC was announced in 1946 it was heralded in the press as a "Giant Brain”. It had a speed of

one thousand times that of electro-mechanical machines. This computational power, coupled with general-purpose programmability, excited scientists and industrialists.

THE BICYCLE THIEF

Bicycle Thieves (Italian: Ladri di biciclette), also known as The Bicycle Thief, is director Vittorio De Sica's 1948 story of a poor father searching post-World War II Rome for his stolen bicycle, without which he will lose the job which was to be the salvation of his young family.

Adapted for the screen by Cesare Zavattini from a novel by Luigi Bartolini, and starring Lamberto Maggiorani as the desperate father and Enzo Staiola as his plucky young son, Bicycle Thieves is one of the masterpieces of Italian neorealism. It received an Academy Honorary Award in 1950 and, just four years after its release, was deemed the greatest film of all time by Sight & Sound magazine's poll of filmmakers and critics; fifty years later the same poll ranked it sixth among greatest-ever films. It is also one of the top ten among the British Film Institute's list of films you should see by the age of 14.

IMDb Ratings: 8.4/10

“WHAT A

WONDERFUL

WORLD"

"What a Wonderful World" is a song written by Bob Thiele (as "George Douglas") and George David Weiss. It was first recorded by Louis Armstrong and released as a single in 1967. Thiele and Weiss were both prominent in the music world (Thiele as a producer and Weiss as a composer/performer). Armstrong's recording was inducted in the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1999. The publishing for this song is controlled by Memory Lane Music Group, Carlin Music Corp., and Bug Music, Inc.

Release Date: 1967

Duration: 2:21

Genre: Jazz Vocal / Traditional pop

Writer(s): -Bob Thielean

-George David Weiss

Vocal: Louis Armstrong

BLAST FROM THE PAST


Kurt Cobain, lead singer and

guitarist of the American grunge

band, was born on February 20,

1967 in Aberdeen. Now he has

been dead for several years and his

death has almost been forgotten.

The media was preconditioned to

accept not just the death of Kurt

Cobain but also his suicide. A

majority of people believe that

Kurt had committed suicide. But,

simply by relying on the news of

the Seattle newspaper, it is wrong

to consider that he had committed

suicide. At least, he did not die

according to some of the so-

promoted wrong

unbelievable notions. It

was reported in the D-1

that Kurt shot himself

on the left temper and

exited at night, yet there

was no blood on the

floor or in his body. It

was reported that Kurt

used a 20 gauze

shotgun, about four

times as powerful as

44 magnum which in

itself seems extreme

and is capable of

blowing one’s head off. At the

same time, report too showed that

there was a trickle of blood on his

right ear. At such a close range,

would there be any remnants of his

head if he had shot himself with

such a powerful gun? But it only

left a little blood on the ear. This is

something to ponder upon!

Another report was about the

heroin found in Kurt’s body. If he

was intending to kill himself, what

was the purpose of using a huge

doze of heroin and the deadly gun?

Though some say that he wanted to

be euphoric still have strength to

concentrate mentally kills himself?

The suicide note, surprisingly, was

not found near the dead body, and

the letter seemed more like a letter

to the editor.

What do you think? Was he killed

or murdered???

RIP Kurt Cobain. Your music

keeps you alive.

“Murder or Suicide?” by Rojina Shrestha

I'D RATHER BE HATED FOR WHO I AM, THAN LOVED FOR WHO I AM NOT.

- KURT COBAIN


The vagrant who died yesterday

by Shristi Bhattarai

Until yesterday he was nothing but a vagrant,

a slight stench of disaster lingered around him.

He walked around with a gunny-sack

slung over his shoulders,

and spoke of things nobody understood.

We were his witnesses but we didn’t care

or were hateful or despondent.

Us,

and the stars that always shine indifferently

and the leaves clothed in the driest dust

in a city that has burnt under the scorching sun for months

and the dogs with mange and longing in their eyes

that follow even a suggestion of love

he was one of them.

We did not love him

we stared, or avoided looking at him

or looked, and shook a little, and turned away

Today there is no gap where he used to stand

he slipped through cracks that only the trees and the dogs and the stars can see.

only the gaping black hole he fell into stares from somewhere out of sight.


“Nobody should call them a

professional if they only know

one language.”

One of my mentors once told me,

“A programming language is just a

programming language. It doesn't

matter if you're a good

programmer, it's the syntax that

matters”. Nobody should call them

a professional if they only know a

language. I indeed reckon it’s true

when I consider the web

developers. They have to work in

several languages and frameworks.

More computer

languages could have

been created in the last

hundred years than the

total number of spoken

languages that have ever

existed. But what are

some of the most

important languages

among those thousands available?

Why is it necessary for a non-

programmer to have a knowledge

of programming languages? Are all

programming languages same and

just are different syntactically? No,

actually different languages have

different purposes and different

techniques for solving the

problems. Functional languages

are for high-performance

numerical computation. While

some are special-purpose

programming language such as

SQL, used for designing relational

databases and some are markup

languages, that is, different

languages have different purposes.

Bjarne Stroustrup: The 5

Programming Languages You

Need to Know

Bjarne Stroustrup is a Danish

computer scientist, most notable

for the creation and development of

the widely used C++ programming

language.

Question: What are the five most

important languages that

programmers should know?

Bjarne Stroustrup: First of all,

nobody should call themselves a

professional if they only know one

language. And five is a good

number of languages to know

reasonably well. And then you'll

know a bunch, just because you're

interested, because you've read

about them, because you've written

a couple of little programs. But

five isn't a bad number. Some of

them books between three and

seven. Let's see, well my list is

going to be sort of uninteresting

because it's going to be the list of

languages that are best known and

useful, I'm afraid. Let's see, C++,

of course; Java; maybe Python for

mainline work. And if you know

The 5 programming languages you need to know by Binod Aryal


those, you can't help knowing sort

of a little bit about Ruby and

JavaScript, you can't help

knowing C because that's what fills

out the domain and of course C-

Sharp. But again, these languages

create a cluster so that if you knew

either five of the ones that I said,

you would actually know the

others. I haven't cheated with the

numbers. I rounded out a design

space. It would be nice beyond that

to know something quite weird

outside it just to have an

experience, pick one of the

functional languages, for instance,

that's good to keep your head

spinning a bit when it needs to. I

don't have any favorites in that

field. There's enough of them.

And, I don't know, if you're

interested in high-performance

numerical computation, you have

to look at one of the languages

there, but for most people that's just

esoteric.

Larry Wall: 5 Programming

Languages Everyone Should

Know

Larry Wall is a computer

programmer and author, most

widely known as the creator of the

Perl programming language and

Camelia, the spunky spokesbug for

Perl 6.

Question: What are the five

programming languages

everyone, even non-

programmers, should know

about and why?

Larry Wall: Oh, boy, that's a

really tough question. It's kind of

like asking what are the five

countries you should know about if

you're not interested in geology, or

geography, or politics, and the

answer varies depending on what

your actual interests are, or what

are the five companies you should

know. And the answer changes

over time, too. Back when I was

getting started, to these many

decades ago, the answers would've

been Fortran, Cobalt, Basic,

Lisp, and maybe APL, and those

were very formative languages

back then and people learned a lot

from those, but these days, it might

be more important for you to know

JavaScript, even if the only reason

you know that is that you know

whether or not to click the "enable

JavaScript" button in your browser.

But JavaScript is a nice,

lightweight, object-oriented

language and that's why it can fit in

a browser and do these things such

as run little programs that help you

input your data and then send it off

to a web server somewhere.

There are heavier-weight object-

oriented languages and the

elephant in the room is sort of

Java, you can't really make a list of

modern languages without talking

about it. Java is sort of the Cobalt

of the 21st century, I think. It's kind

of heavyweight, verbose, and

everyone loves to hate it, though

not everyone will admit that. But

managers kind of like it because it

looks like you're getting a lot done,

you know, if 100 lines of Java code

is to accomplish a task, then it

looks like you've written 100 lines,

even though in a different


language, it might only take 5 lines.

You know, it's like, you know, you

can eat a 1-pound steak or you can

eat, you know, 100 pounds of shoe

leather and you feel a greater sense

of accomplishment after the shoe

leather, but, you know, maybe

they're some downsides.

But also, because it is sort of

considered an industrial language

and programmers are sort of

interchangeable parts, managers

like it for that reason, and for that

reason, a lot of Java jobs have been

outsourced from the United States.

Oh, what other languages? I think

going in a different direction,

coming more from academia, we

have a language like Haskell,

which we call a functional

programming language. That

means function in a mathematical

sense, not in the sense the other

languages are dysfunctional. But a

function mathematically has an

input and an output and it maps to,

you know, with a great deal of

mathematical certainty what those

are. Haskell is one of those

languages that mathematician-

type-minded people love; it's sort

of a language for geniuses, by

geniuses. So you should probably

know about it, if only to be able to

say, "Well, is this kind of like

Haskell?" And if so, then you

know you have to hire some really

smart people to program in it.

Haskell is sort of a modern kind of

Lisp in that sense.

What else? Well, we can't leave off

modern languages without talking

about C. The C language, that's

just spelled with the letter C, is

actually about 40 years old, but

people have tried to replace C with

other languages that are like it and

have by and large not succeeded

because C is a very minimalist

language and very close to the

metal, as we say, on a machine, and

lets you get down and do very fine

grain stuff, very efficiently, but it's

a lot of hard work. But once you've

done that work, you can run it

pretty much everywhere. So

almost all the other languages that

you see, Java, Perl, whatever,

actually if you look down

underneath, they're actually

implemented in C, or in a closely

related language. So that continues

to be a very fundamental language,

if only because everyone is trying

to reinvent it and not succeeding in

doing so.

And finally, for a fifth language,

well, you'd probably want to pick

one of the scripting languages.

There's several to choose from,

there's Python, there's Ruby, but of

course, I am prejudiced in favor of

Perl, because I think it has the

liveliest community and because

we have intentionally been

redesigning it lately to leapfrog all

the other languages. For the last

number of years, we've been

redesigning it to out all the warts

that we've noticed over time. And

we figured it was just our one

chance to break backward

compatibility, break the things that

need breaking, keep all the things

that make Perl, Perl, keep it a joy to

use, and with this redesign, and

make it a language that will be able

to be useful and enjoyable for

decades. And so I'd recommend

Perl, but I'm known to be

prejudiced in the matter.

Interview is based upon Big Think

<http://bigthink.com>


Some programming languages

that every programmers or

computer person should know:

1. C Language

Developed by Dennis Ritchie at

Bell labs in 1972, C language is an

ancestor to many of the advanced

programming languages such as

C++, Java, C#, JavaScript, and

Perl. Since C is the base of most of

the other languages, it is the first

programming course offered in

universities considering that it’ll

pave way for learning other

languages. C is mostly used for

developing hardware level

applications since it is the

language closest to hardware

configuration amongst other

languages, excluding assembly

language.

2. C++ Language

C++ language was developed in

1983 to address the lack of object

orientation in C language. So, it’s

the object oriented version of C.

This widely used language has

contributed in developing

wonderful applications like

Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox,

Winamp, and the complete suite of

Adobe Software. Due to its quick

processing and compilation

mechanism, it has been used in the

development of games and

operating systems – like windows.

Furthermore, C++ developers

have high demand in the job

market with the number of

vacancies is growing every year.

3. Java

Developed by James Gosling, at

Sun Microsystems, in 1990, Java

further adds to the capabilities and

features of C and C++ language.

Java is the first purely object

oriented programming language.

The principle of WORA i.e.

“Write Once Run Anywhere” in

Java adds to the portability of it.

Java source code needs to be

written once and then it can run on

any machine where JVM (Java

Virtual Machine) is installed; It

can be executed irrespective of the

underlying operating system and

hardware in the machine.

Java language is a must learn

language for every programmer

used to develop enterprise level

application and video games; it

can be employed to develop web

based applications when used with

JSP (Java Server Pages). Java has

a huge job market with attractive

incentives.

4. C#

C# which belongs to the

Microsoft’s family of

programming language was

developed in 2000. It was the part

of the first ever release of

Microsoft’s prestigious .NET

framework. Similar to Java in

terms of capabilities, it has been

said that C# combines the

robustness of C++ with the

advanced features of Java. It is

extremely easy to switch from C#

to Java and vice versa, provided

you’re good at Java.

It is used to develop a majority of

software applications that come

with Visual Studio IDE. If one is

developing a dynamic web based

application in ASP.NET, he/she

will be required to code in C# or

VB for handling back-end

mechanism. If one is developing a


Windows form application or a

Windows Presentation Foundation

(WPF) application or Windows

Phone App, he/she will be

required to code in C#. So, if

anyone is up to developing

applications for Windows-based

platforms, C# is something he/she

should consider.

The job market for C#

programmers is also good and one

can find a profitable job being a

C# programmer.

5. Objective C

Initially developed at Apple by

Brad Cox and Tom Love in 1983,

Objective C was to address the

deficiencies in C language. The

major inadequacy in C language

was its inability to perform object

orientation. This incited many

developers to devise languages

that incorporate object oriented

paradigm such as C++ and Object-

C. However, the latter has gained

immense popularity due to its use

in developing applications for

Apple’s iPhone and iPad.

Fair knowledge of Objective-C

will be helpful in getting a job in

companies that develop Apple

based software applications. In

addition to that, freelance industry

also has huge demand for

Objective-C coders across the

globe.

6. PHP

PHP, developed in 1995, is used to

make dynamic websites. It is a

server-side scripting language

which means that PHP code is

processed on the server and the

end result is sent to the users of the

website in the form of plain

HTML.

PHP is an open-source language

which means that there are

thousands of already built

modules that can be modified to

achieve the desired functionality.

Also, PHP is easy to learn; one

simply needs to embed the code

inside HTML. There are a number

of PHP platforms available,

including WordPress, Joomla and

Drupal, which helps in the

development of websites even

more conveniently. For anyone

planning for a web developer’s

career, PHP can be a good choice.

PHP is also avital part of the

famous LAMP (Linux Apache

MySQL and PHP) platform that

Facebook, Yahoo, and other

famous websites use. PHP has a

huge job market, though not much

highly paid when compared to

ASP.NET developers; however

they easily find decent jobs.

7. JavaScript

It is true that server side

programming languages are

appropriate for developing

complex web based application.

But executing everything in server

loads up the server. Considering

this, developers allot some part of

the functionality to the client side

and for this purpose JavaScript is

used. JavaScript, a client side

programming language, runs

inside a client browser and process

commands on client computer

rather than on the server. This

results in significant decrease in

the load on the server and increase

in the execution speed of the

application. Designed by

Netscape, Javascript is used in the

development of almost every

website.


JavaScript alone will not help one

get a job. However, if one is

looking forward to pursue a career

in web development, JavaScript is

a language to be chosen along with

some advanced server side

scripting language.

8. Python

Developed by Guido Van Rossum

in 1991, Python is a high level

programming language which is

simple, easily learnable and

readable. It wasn’t a popular

language in the past, but now, it

has gained popularity. It might be

because of Google’s investment in

it in the past 10 years or so.

Some famous sites that run on

Python are pinterest.com,

instagram.com, rdio.com. Since it

has web based frameworks, it is

easy to build web based apps using

Python. Django is one such

platform which powers the sites

aforementioned.

9. SQL

SQL, acronym of Structured

Query Language, is not a

development language; instead, it

is a database query language.

SQL, which is closer to the

English language in terms of

syntax, is extremely easy to learn

and use and is a standardized way

of interacting with the underlying

database of an application. Almost

every application has a back-end

database and in order to interact

with that you will need to have

sound knowledge of SQL. Similar

to Javascript, SQL alone is not that

beneficial in terms of job

placement; however, good

knowledge of SQL can help one

stand out of the crowd. But no

SQL db are consider as the future

of data base management system.

10. Ruby

Simple and readable programming

language mainly focused on

developing web-based

applications, Ruby was designed

by Yukihiro Matsumoto in 1995.

Ruby powers Ruby on Rails, a

web development framework on

which numerous well known

websites such as Github, Scribd,

Yammer, Shopify, and Groupon

have been developed. Ruby,

regarded as combination of some

of the most famous features of

Lisp, Pearl and Eiffel, has got a

good job market and Ruby

developers are being paid quite

well at the moment.


A virtual private network on the surface comprises of three powerful words. Powerful because the deadly combination

of “virtual”, “private” and “network” integrates to produce a revolutionary technique for communication and

transmission of data. The words “private network” offers user to privately communicate and exchange stack of

information thereby committing to chain one's information. Bringing in the twist, the word “virtual” in “virtual private

network” manages to extend the life of this networking technique by attaining cost efficient property. Summing up

these separate definitions, we may define a virtual private network as a network that uses shared public infrastructures

like Internet while securing one's private information through procedures such as tunneling, encrypting the data at

sending and receiving end with additional security procedures.

Using a VPN is the accelerating need for the organizations so as to assure their information remains sealed and doesn't

go viral on the web. Virtual Private Network remains robust at this date of data transmission also because it

superintends to make the Internet more open. As of now, numerous domains remain region specific meaning these

websites can be accessible within certain territory or for example by white enclaves and some by male enclaves only.

With the celestial power of VPN, you may enjoy watching a comedy movie on netflix although it is not available for

your country.

When you use the Internet, you type in the address of the domain you want to access or click on a link to open that

page. This is termed as a request. Along with the request goes the unique identifier so that the server recognizes where

to send the information. This unique identifier is your “IP”. Internet Protocol address is similar to your home address

in an out-of-computer life – it identifies who you are on the web. Sites such as Netflix, hulu etc. have a system in

place that checks the request made, so as to determine whether or not the IP falls in some range. This helps determine

which country the request is made from. Based on this, the user is either allowed or denied access to its services. This

is where VPN comes into play.

When you use a VPN, you connect to another server which lets you browse Internet through it. That means you

will be using an IP that is assigned to you by the VPN server. So, in essence, it is allowing you to hide your IP, your

identity and browse the web securely, without letting others know who you are – because as mentioned earlier, an

IP address can be mapped to a real home address. Unlike a proxy server, which most of you might have heard of, a

VPN allows you to hide your IP in all of the programs that you use. A proxy server does the same thing as VPN, but

you can only use it on a web browser, whereas when you connect to a VPN, every program that accesses Internet in

your computer will be using the IP that is assigned to you by the VPN server.

Virtual Private Network

By Bhishan Bhandari


“What if and I Just Wish” are the

phrases I prefer the most. Most of

the time I find myself inundated

with thoughts like What if this had

happened? What if I had done

that? I wish today was a holiday.

Once, as I was scrolling down my

Facebook Newsfeed, an upsetting

thought pricked my mind, “WHAT

IF we woke up and realized

THERE WAS NO

FACEBOOK?!”

Let alone reality, merely thinking

about the question makes me

frantic, distraught and distressed.

Really, what will people do if it

happens for real? Most of the

people would get frustrated and

bored. Even some of them might

react like the world no more exists.

How would we overcome the grief

of our dared Facebook's death? I

wonder how long would the trauma

of the untimely demise of

Facebook, provided it occurs in

reality, last? Would we be able to

overcome that grief?

I reckon we all have developed

a kind of addiction to Facebook.

The first thing that a majority of

people, or let’s say youngsters, to

keep it more specific, nowadays do

after they wake up is signing into

their Facebook account. And the

entire day, they keep on checking

their profiles and Newsfeed,

refreshing time and again, every

single minute they are free. The

number of times one signs into

his/her Facebook account till they

go to bed at night is difficult to

figure out. The situation has now

become something like, if someone

logs out of his/her Facebook

account getting bored, they can’t

resist that action for more than 5

minutes and ultimately log in

again. I know I am telling this

bluntly. It is because I experience it

myself. I too am one of the many

irons magnetized by Facebook. I

must say, we have been completely

VPN is on the rise these days because it lets you combat increasing Internet censorship. It also provides an extra

layer of security that enhances safety of on-line activities. VPN can not only secure daily Internet access, but also

can help to optimize the network speed. Actively VPN services has been a means to bypass some websites access

limits and protect users' on-line identity.

What if Facebook shuts down??? by Asmita Subedi


blindfolded by Facebook and we

merely see anything around us,

except it. We inform the entire

world about how we’re feeling,

expose them, known or unknown,

about our relationship status, and

give them authority to comment on

our pictures or videos or anything

personal. I think we consider

Facebook as our diary, noting

down every little issue. We have

been completely paralyzed by

Facebook addiction. Candidly, it

has become a new, a different

oxygen in the world.

Now, let us draw our attention

towards the hypothetical death of

Facebook. Seriously, what would

people do if there was no

Facebook? The greatest frustration

might be that people cannot receive

likes and comments on their photos

or statuses. And probably, they

would be carrying their bunch of

photographs or statuses, walking

around, showing them to every

person and asking whether he/she

likes them or not?, asking them for

comments? Man, this sounds

crazy. Imagine, people running

over the street to spread their

Newsfeed, bumping into people to

poke them or breaking their

window panes to write on their

walls. This indeed sounds funny.

However, on a serious note, we

would no longer be able to chat

with our friends and family. The

other way round, there would be no

late night chats and desired

disturbances anymore. Next up,

people would forget all the birth

dates of their closed ones because

Facebook will no longer be there to

notify them. There would no more

be availability of mere means of

distraction and everyone would be

considering their own business.

And maybe, I too would be

studying more seriously rather than

spending hours and hours

Facebooking.

Having a deeper gaze into the

Facebook world, we can find out

that the reality is indeed

flabbergasting. We will all realize

that we are simply wasting our

valuable time doing useless stuff

and are just merrymaking with

some temporary fun through

Facebook. If the Facebook death

was for real, we would be spending

more time doing amazing things

like spending time, not through

virtual means like Facebook, but in

reality, with our loved ones,

enjoying our hobbies, our works,

giving way to our passion, etcetera.

Guess what? If Facebook stops, the

world will not suffer. I believe,

people will discover new things to

do. It is because changes are

evident and humans have power of

adaptability.

LET ALONE REALITY, MERELY THINKING ABOUT THE QUESTION MAKES ME FRANTIC, DISTRAUGHT AND DISTRESSED. REALLY, WHAT WILL PEOPLE DO IF FACEBOOK SHUTS DOWN FOR REAL?


Answer: (Fun with Programming)

1D A T A T Y P E 2 S

4T 6P O

8 R 3S E M I 10C O L O N R

E R O I T

F N M N I

E A M T N

R R 5N E S T E D G

E Y N R

N T

7 C O N S T A N T

E 9 S T A T E M E N T


The Deerwalker

club

Deerwalk Institute of Techonology

Kathmandu, Nepal [email protected]

The Deerwalker Volume I Issue IV

Documents

Transcript of The Deerwalker Volume I Issue IV