The Dance of the Elements: Simple Chemical Reactions
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Transcript of The Dance of the Elements: Simple Chemical Reactions
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The Dance of the Elements:Simple Chemical Reactions
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5 types of reactions
1. Synthesis (S)
2. Decomposition (D)
3. Single replacement (SR)
4. Double replacement (DR)
5. Combustion (C)
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Visualizing chemical reactions is much like imagining the elements involved in a simple dance.
At a dance, people can pick a partner, separate and take a break, change a dance partner or change both dance partners.
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At the beginning of a dance, partners join together.
When elements combine to form a new compound, this is called a SYNTHESIS REACTION.
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Synthesis Reactions
Elements combine to form a new compound that has different properties than the elements alone. Synthesis means “to make” and what happens in this reaction is that smaller parts create a new more complex compound.
Reaction
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Recognizing a Synthesis Reaction
All synthesis reactions follow the pattern
A + B AB
Looking at a real reaction, like one below, two or more different elements/compounds combine to form one new compound
2Na (s) + Cl2 (g) 2NaCl (s)
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There comes a time for partners to stop dancing and take a break.
When chemical compounds divide and break down into smaller components, this is called a DECOMPOSITION REACTION.
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Decomposition Reactions
Decomposition occurs when a compound breaks down from a complex molecule into simpler substances. Decomposition means “to break down” or “decay.”
Reaction
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Recognizing a Decomposition Reaction
All decomposition reactions follow the pattern
AB A + B
In an actual reaction, one larger compound breaks down into two or more smaller substances.
HgCl2 (s) Hg (l) + Cl2 (g)
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Dancers sometimes change partners
When chemical compounds change one partner for another, this is called a SINGLE DISPLACEMENT REACTION.
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Single Displacement Reactions
In this reaction, a more reactive ion replaces a less reactive ion and a new compound is produced.
Reaction
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Recognizing a Single Displacement Reaction
This reaction follows the pattern
AB + C AC + B
An actual single displacement reaction would free one ion and take up another ion
Mg (s) + 2 H2O (l) Mg(OH)2 (l) + H2 (g)
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Dancers can also change both partners
When two chemical compounds both exchange a partner, it is called a DOUBLE DISPLACEMENT REACTION.
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Double Displacement Reactions
Reaction
In this reaction, the more reactive ions pair to form a new compound and the less reactive pair also form a new compound.
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Recognizing a Double Displacement Reaction
This reaction follows the pattern
AB + CD AD + CB
A double displacement reaction would free ions to change partners
AgNO3 (aq) + KCl (aq) AgCl (s) + KNO3 (aq)
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It’s that simple!
Chemistry isn’t always difficult. By learning to recognize the four simplest types of chemical reactions, you have taken a big step towards learning how different chemicals interact with one another.
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HOMEWORK
• READ lab CAREFULLY!!!!• HANDOUT: front : tell type for 1—6 , 8—14• Back : tell type for 1—15• • Finish ch. 8 reading guide AND webquest for a
late grade!!• BE READY FOR QUIZ ON TYPES OF
REACTIONS NEXT CLASS PERIOD!!
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JQVl1-RDFWI
(you tube: types of chemical reactions intro.wmv)