THE DAILY WISDOM TEST- THE PT QUEST TEST-XI...1. Foreign Currency Assets (FCAs): It forms the...

THE PT QUEST 2020 LUKMAAN IAS 1

THE DAILY WISDOM TEST- THE PT QUEST TEST-XI

1. Answer (c)

2. Answer (d)

Ideal climatic conditions to grow coffee are related to temperature and rainfall; temperatures in the range of (23 °C) and (28 °C) with rainfall incidence in the range of 60–80 inches (1.5–2.0 m) followed by a dry spell of 2–3 months suit the Arabica variety. Cold temperatures closer to freezing conditions are not suitable to grow coffee.

It is dominated in the hill tracts of South Indian states, with Karnataka accounting for 71%, followed by Kerala with 21% and Tamil Nadu (5% of overall production with 8,200 tonnes). Indian coffee is said to be the finest coffee grown in the shade rather than direct sunlight anywhere in the world. There are about 250,000 coffee growers in the country; 98% of them are small growers. As of 2009, Indian coffee made up just 4.5% of the global production. Almost 80% of Indian coffee is exported; 70% is bound for Germany, Russia, Spain, Belgium, Slovenia, United States, Japan, Greece, Netherlands and France.

3. Answer (a)

Ministry of Earth Sciences has unveiled state‐of‐the‐art Air Quality and

Weather Forecast System– SAFAR (System of Air Quality and Weather Forecasting) at ChandniChowk in Delhi.

Key features:

• It is first of its kind and most advanced system in India. • The giant true colour LED display gives out real‐time air quality index on 24x7 basis

with colour coding along with 72‐hour advance forecast.

4. Answer (a)

5. Answer(b)

It includes mining, quarrying, farming, fishing and forestry, all of which produce raw materials that can be processed in to a finished product. People working in these industries are described as being in the primary sector. Secondary industries are the manufacturing and assembly industries.

The tertiary industry is the segment of the economy that provides services to its consumers, including a wide range of businesses such as financial institutions, schools and restaurants. It is also known as the tertiary sector or service industry/sector.

6. Answer (c)

7. Answer (a)

Explanation:

• The president is empowered to declare an area to be ascheduled area. He can also increase or decrease its area, alter its boundary lines, rescindsuch designation or


make fresh orders for such redesignationon an area in consultation withthe governor of the state concerned.

• The executive power of a state extends to the scheduled areas therein. But the governor has a special responsibility regarding such areas.

8. Answer (c)

The Global Wage Report is published by the International Labour Organization.

9. Answer (a)

India, EU join hands for research programme to develop a named Horizon 2020 to protect citizens across the globe.

Under this project, cost‐effective and affordable influenza vaccine will be developed.

It aims at advancing the efficacy, safety, duration of immunity, and reactivity against an increased breadth of influenza strains.

10. Answer (b)

Wavell Plan:

1. Reconstruct the Governor general’s executive council in which all the members of council to be Indians except the Governor general and Commander in Chief.

2. All the foreign affairs to be given to Indians.

3. Caste Hindu and Muslims to have equal representatin.

4. Governor General to retain veto power but would exercise it on the advice of ministers.

5. Representation of different parties had to submit a joint list to the Viceroy for nomination to the council.

New Council had to decide the procedure for the making of the constitution. 11. Answer (d)

Components of India’s foreign exchange reserves:

1. Foreign Currency Assets (FCAs):

It forms the largest component of our forex reserves.

It mainly consists of US dollar and other major non‐US global currencies.

It also comprises investments in US treasury bills, bonds of other selected governments and deposits with foreign central banks.

2. Gold:

Gold held by the RBI with the intention to serve as a guarantee to redeem promises to pay depositors, note holders or to secure a currency.

3. Special Drawing Rights (SDRs):

These are special instruments created by IMF to supplement its member countries official reserves and serve as an international reserve asset since 1969.

It is essentially an artificial currency instrument made up of a basket of currencies: Dollar, Euro, Yuan, Yen & Pound‐Sterling.

4. RBI’s Reserve Tranche Position with IMF:

It stands for the difference between India’s quota at IMF & the IMF’s holding of its currency. 12. Answer (d) All are correct.


13. Answer (c) Explanation:

The 69th Constitutional Amendment Act of 19915 provided a special status to the Union Territory ofDelhi, and redesignated it the National Capital Territory of Delhi.

The strength of the council of ministers is fixed at ten per cent of the total strength of the assembly,that is, seven—one chief minister and six other ministers.

The assembly can make laws on all the matters of theState List and the Concurrent List except the three matters of the State List, that is, public order,police and land. But, the laws of Parliament prevail over those made by the Assembly.

14. Answer (d)

Benefits of integrated farming system:‐ Steady income other than income from regular cropping.

Risk coverage due to subsidiary allocation in the event of unexpected crop failure. Augmented returns and recycling of organics. General uplift of farm activities. Better utilization of land, labour, time, and available manure in the farm.

15. Answer (c)

International Buddhist Conclave 2018

6thEdition of International Buddhist Conclave (IBC), 2018 was held in New Delhi.

Its theme was ‘Buddha Path – The Living Heritage”.

The Conclave was organized by Ministry of Tourism in collaboration with State

Governments of Maharashtra, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. Japan is ‘Partner Country

for IBC‐2018.

It was held from 23rd to 26th August, 2018 at New Delhi and Ajanta (Maharashtra),

followed by site visits to Rajgir, Nalanda and Bodhgaya (Bihar) and Sarnath (Uttar

Pradesh). International Buddhist Conclave

Union Ministry of Tourism has been organizing International Buddhist Conclave

biennially

Objectives of this conclave are Showcase and project Buddhist Heritage in India. 16. Answer (a)

17. Answer (b)

Managed floating exchange rate regime, also known as the ‘dirty float’, is when the Central Bank intervenes in the currency exchange rate regimes during times of distress to curb excess volatility.

Fixed Exchange rate regime is one in which the currency of an economy is pegged to one or a basket of currencies.

Fully Floating Exchange rate regime is one in which the government does not intervene in the exchange rate and the price of the currency vis‐à‐vis the others is demanded by the market forces of supply & demand. 18. Answer (d) All are correct.


19. Answer (a)

Explanation:

The top biotech regulator in India is Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC).

The committee functions as a statutory body under the Environment Protection Act 1986 of the Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF).

20. Answer (d)

21. Answer (b)

Functions of wetlands:‐ Habitat to aquatic flora and fauna, as well as numerous species of birds, including migratory species.

Filtration of sediments Nutrient recycling Water purification Floods mitigation Maintenance of stream flow Ground water recharging Control rate of run‐off in urban areas Source of livelihood to local people.

22. Answer (b)

VAT is an indirect tax levied on sales of certain commodities like alcoholic drinks by states.

Minimum Alternate Tax is a direct tax levied on companies who declare large book profits but avail tax concessions, tax holidays, etc. owing to which they end up paying much lower taxes than they would normally have paid.

Dividend Distribution Tax is a direct tax levied on the dividend distributed by companies to their shareholders.

Corporation Tax is a direct tax levied on the income of companies & corporations. 23. Answer (d) 24. Answer (b) 25. Answer (a) Grants are an important component of Revenue Expenditure. Not all grants are used for unproductive purposes. Some grants are also used for the generation of capital assets. The effective revenue deficit subtracts such grants from the revenue deficit to make it more representative. 26. Answer (a) All are correct. 27. Answer (c)

28. Answer (c)

Fulani tribes is associated with mainly central and west Africa. The Ainus are an indigenous ethnic group of people who live in Hokkaido in Japan today as well as in Russia (the Kuril Islands and Sakhalin). In the 19th Century, Japanese people called the northern island of Hokkaido “Ezochi” which means “Land of the Ainu”. Orang Asli is a collective term (which means original or first peoples in Malay) for some 18 ethnic groups of less than 150,000 in


total who are widely regarded as comprising peninsular Malaysia's original inhabitants (in the sense that they pre‐date the arrival of Malays).

29. Answer (a)

Statement (3) is incorrect

SBI was formed when the Imperial Bank of India was taken over by the Government of India in 1955. 30. Answer (d)

Five Great Vows of Monks and Nuns (Pancha‐Mahavrata):

a. Not to injure any living being (Ahimsa):

i. It is central to Jainism.

ii. Injuring living beings is seen as detrimental from two points of view‐ it causes the victim to suffer and it harms the person who causes injury.

iii. Thus strict vegetarianism is important. Figs, Honey and Alcohol are forbidden. However, Shevatambara made an exception that meat could be eaten if there was a famine or to cure an illness.

b. Not to utter any falsehood (Satya/sunrita)

c. Not to take what is not given i.e. not to steal (Asteya)

d. Lead a celibate life (Brahmacharya)

e. Non‐Possession, to call nothing one's own (Aparigraha).

Aim of these vows is to bring about inner purification.

31. Answer (c)

The Human Genome Project was launched in 1990 and ended in 2003. It was an international project funded by the US Government. The project aimed to map human genome and assemble them together to obtain a complete sequence of chromosomes. It mapped the nucleotides in the genome. What is Genome? Genome is the sequence of DNA. It contains all the hereditary information of an individual. Genome is not the same as gene or DNA. Genes are made of DNA. The Genome is simply sum of all DNAs of an individual. 32. Answer (c)

The pyramid of biomass can be both upright and inverted. Upright pyramid of biomass is shown by grassland ecosystem. In this ecosystem, the number of biomass present at tertiary level is less than the secondary and the producer levels.

Pyramid of numbers: This shows the number of individual organisms at successive trophic levels. It can be upright or inverted.

Pyramid of Biomass: This shows the biomass at successive Trophic levels. It can be upright or inverted.

Pyramid of energy: It shows the rate of energy flow and/or productivity at successive Trophic levels. It is always upright.


33. Answer (a)

Explanation:

Researchers from the Oregon Health and Science University in California, China and South Korea repaired a mutation in human embryos by using a gene‐editing tool called CRISPR‐Cas9.

34. Answer (b)

35. Answer (a)

In‐situ conservation:‐

National parks, Sanctuaries, Bio‐sphere reserve, reserved forests, Protected forests.

Ex‐situ conservation:‐ Seed bank, Botanical, Horticultural, and recreational garden.

36. Answer: (d)

GDP is the total market value of all final goods & services produced within the geographical boundaries of a country in a given period of time.

Important points about GDP:

Excludes intermediate goods.

Only newly produced goods are counted. Thus transactions of resale of existing goods are excluded. However, the services rendered for resale are counted as it involves income & economic activity.

Considers only marketed goods.

It is a geographical concept i.e. it includes the value of goods & services produced with the boundaries irrespective of nationality. 37. Answer (c)

Books written by Dara Shikoh:

1. Majma‐ul‐Bahrain

2. Safinat‐ul‐auliya, Sainat‐ul‐auliya

3. Hasanat‐ul‐Arifin

Translated Bhagwata Gita and Upanishads

38. Answer (d)

The scheme was Union Tourism Ministry with an objective to develop theme‐based

tourist circuits in the country.

These tourist circuits will be developed on the principles of high tourist value,

competitiveness and sustainability in an integrated manner.

It is 100% centrally funded scheme for the project components undertaken for

public funding.

It also has provision for leveraging voluntary funding under Corporate Social

Responsibility (CSR)initiatives of Central Public Sector Undertakings and corporate

sector.

The first project under SwadeshDarshan Scheme ‘North East Circuit: Imphal and Khongjom’ was inaugurated in Manipur. The project covers two sites i.e. Kangla Fort

and Khongjom in Manipur.


39. Answer (d)

Statement (1) is incorrect.

Real Output is the output at base year prices, adjusted for inflation or deflation.


Nominal Output is the output at current market prices & excludes price adjustment for inflation or deflation.


Real Output helps show the extent to which the increase in GDP has happened on account of higher prices than an increase in output& thus is a better measure of growth than Nominal Output

40. Answer (b)

A keystone species helps define an entire ecosystem. Without its keystone species, the ecosystem would be dramatically different or cease to exist altogether. Example of it is Tiger, Lion, Crocodile, Elephant etc. Without a keystone species, many ecosystems would fail to exist. B. Keystone species populations are typically small compared to other species in an ecosystem.

41. Answer (c)

42. Answer(d)

NGBRA was constituted on February 2009 under the Environment protection act 1986. It is a planning, monitoring and co‐ordinating body of the centre and the states. Authority has both developmental and regulatory functions. The objective of NGBRA is to ensure effective abatement of pollution and conservation of river Ganga by adopting a river basin approach for comprehensive planning and management. Prime‐minister is the ex‐officio chairman of Body.

43. Answer (b) 44. Answer (d)

45. Answer (a)

There are 3 possible roles for the state/government in an economy:

(1) Regulator: State takes important economic decisions, announces the required kind of economic policies, takes the sole responsibility to get them implemented and controlling & punishing those who don’t oblige to those economic decisions.

(2) Producer &/or supplier of Private Goods & Services: Include all goods & services that constitute part of market and will be distributed as per the market mechanism. Here the state earns profit as a private enterprise.

(3) Producer &/or supplier of Public Goods & Services: Include goods and services essential from the perspective of social justice & well being of the people viz. education, healthcare, care for the elderly, etc.

Based upon the roles which the state performs, we can classify economies into broadly 3 types:

1. State Economy: (1) + (2) + (3) 2. Mixed Economy: (1) + (3)

Capitalistic Economy: (1) only


46. Answer (c)

Hibernation refers to a season of hetero‐thermy characterized by low body temperature, slow breathing and heart rate, and low metabolic rate. It is most commonly observed during the winter months. Although traditionally reserved for "deep" hibernators such as rodents, the term has been redefined to include animals such as bears and is now applied based on active metabolic suppression rather than any absolute decline in body temperature. Many experts believe that the processes of daily torpor and hibernation form a continuum and utilize similar mechanisms. The equivalent during the summer months is aestivation.

A period of suspended development in an insect, other invertebrate, or mammal embryo, especially during un‐favorable environmental conditions.

47. Answer(d)

Explanation:

Photovoltaics (PV): It directly convert sunlight to electricity.

Concentrating Solar Power (CSP): It uses heat from the sun (thermal energy) to drive utility‐scale, electric turbines.

48. Answer (c)

Explanation:

The State Emergency (President’s Rule) is applicable to the state. However, this emergencycan be imposed in the state on the ground of failure of the constitutional machinery under theprovisions of state Constitution and not Indian Constitution. In fact, two types of Emergenciescan be declared in the state, namely, President’s Rule under the Indian Constitution andGovernor’s Rule under the state Constitution

The President has no power to declare a financial emergency in relation to the state.

Its name, area or boundary cannot be changed by the Union without the consent of its legislature.

Part III (dealing with Fundamental Rights) is applicable to the state with some exceptions andconditions. The Fundamental Right to Property is still guaranteed in the state. Also, certainspecial rights are granted to the permanent residents of the State with regard to publicemployment, acquisition of immovable property, settlement and government scholarships.

49. Answer (c)

Non‐point sources of silt, organic matter and nutrients are often the largest cause of Eutrophication around the world, primarily from agricultural activities.


50. Answer‐ B

WaterConservationFee

Itvaries with the category of the area, type of industry and the quantum of ground water extraction and is designed to progressively increase from safe to over‐exploited areas and from low to high water consuming industries as well as with increasing quantum of ground water extraction.

NOC

NOC to industries shall be granted only for such cases where government agencies are not able to supply the desired quantity of water.

Encouraginguseofrecycledandtreatedsewagewater by industries. 51. Answer (b)

Refer explanation for Q. 52. 52. Answer (b)

53. Answer (a)

The government decided to make the PradhanMantri Jan DhanYojana (PMJDY) an open‐ended scheme, meaning that it will continue indefinitely.

Government has recently brought the following changes in the scheme:

PradhanMantri Jan‐DhanYojana (PMJDY) is a National Mission on Financial Inclusion encompassing an integrated approach to bring about comprehensive financial inclusion of all adults individuals of the country, instead of earlier norm of the households in the country.

The overdraft facility has been doubled from Rs. 5,000 to Rs. 10,000.

The plan envisages universal access to banking facilities with at least one basic banking account for every adults individuals, financial literacy, access to credit, insurance and pension facility.

In addition, the beneficiaries would get RuPay Debit card having inbuilt accident

insurance cover of र2 lakh, earlier the insurance cover was र1 lakh. The plan also envisages channeling all Government benefits (from Centre / State /

Local Body) to the beneficiaries accounts and pushing the Direct Benefits Transfer (DBT) scheme of the Union Government. However, there is no provision regarding the bank to provide quantum of loans to the people at very low interest rate.

54. Answer (d)

Save Silent Valley was a social movement aimed at the protection of Silent Valley, an evergreen tropical forest in the Palghat district of Kerala, India. It was started in 1973 to save the Silent Valley Reserve Forest from being flooded by a hydroelectric project.

The famous Chipko Andolan (Hug the Trees Movement) of Uttarakhand in the Himalayas inspired the villagers of the Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka Province in southern India to launch a similar movement to save their forests. In September 1983, men, women and children of Salkani "hugged the trees" in Kalase forest. (The local term for "hugging" in Kannada is appiko.) Appiko Andolan gave birth to a new awareness all over southern India.

55. Answer (d) 56. Answer (b) Please refer Indian Political map.


57. Answer (d)

In 1994, the Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) was responsible for an epidemic in the Serengettiregion of Africa, where 1,000 lions died in 3 weeks.

While the virus abounds in local tiger populations in Gujarat and is linked to deaths of lions every year, this year it has seen a spike.

58. Answer (b)

Architectural Marvels of Malwa are:

1. Jami masjid: planned and begun by Hoshang Shah and completed by Mahmud khalji

2. Hindola mahal

3. Jahaz mahal

4. Hoshang shah's tomb

5. Baz bahadur's roommati's palaces

Note: Unlike Gujarat architecture, Mandu architecture was massive due to use of lofty

plinth for the buildings and there was largescale use of coloured and glazed tiles which

provided variety to buildings.

59. Answer: (c)


The HDI is published in the Human Development Report prepared by the Human

Development Reports Office of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).


Country Rank Score

Sri Lanka 76 0.77

Maldives 101 0.717

India 130 0.64

Bhutan 134 0.612

Bangladesh 136 0.608

Nepal 149 0.574

Pakistan 150 0.562

60. Answer (b)


61. Answer (a)

Explanation:

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has selected three scientists Arthur Ashkin (USA), Gerard Mourou (France) and Donna Strickland (Canada) for the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics.

They were selected for groundbreaking inventions in the field of laser physics. 62. Answer (c)

Explanation:

The Constitution does not contain detailed provisions with regard to the jurisdiction andpowers of a high court. It only lays down that the jurisdiction and powers of a high court are to be the same as immediately before the commencement of the Constitution. But, there is one addition, that is,the Constitution gives a high court jurisdiction over revenue matters (which it did not enjoy in the preconstitutionera). The Constitution also confers (by other provisions) some more additional powerson a high court like writ jurisdiction, power of superintendence, consultative power, etc. Moreover, itempowers the Parliament and the state legislature to change the jurisdiction and powers of a highcourt.

The writ jurisdiction of the high court (under Article 226) is not exclusive but concurrent with thewrit jurisdiction of the Supreme Court (under Article 32).

The writ jurisdiction of the high court is wider than that of the SupremeCourt. This is because, the Supreme Court can issue writs only for the enforcement of fundamentalrights and not for any other purpose, i.e., it does not extend to a case where the breach of anordinary legal right is alleged.

In the Chandra Kumar case(1997), the Supreme Court ruled that the writ jurisdiction of both thehigh court and the Supreme Court constitute a part of the basic structure of the Constitution. Hence, itcannot be ousted or excluded even by way of an amendment to the Constitution.

63. Answer (a)


64. Answer: (d)

Headline Inflation includes all aspects within an economy that experiences inflation and is not adjusted to remove highly volatile figures.

Core Inflation, on the other hand, removes the components that can exhibit large amounts of volatility from month to month, which can cause unwanted distortion to the headline figure.

The most commonly removed factors are those relating to the cost of food and energy.

Food prices can be affected by factors outside of those attributed to the economy, such as environmental shifts that cause issues in the growth of crops.

Energy costs, such as oil production, can be affected by forces outside of traditional supply and demand, such as political dissent.

Stagflation refers to inflation accompanied by economic stagnation.

Hyperinflation refers to extremely high or out‐of‐control inflation. 65. Answer (b) 66. Answer (a)

67. Answer: (b)

CPI is published by the Central Statistics Office. 68. Answer (b)


69. Answer (c)

Explanation:

Lord Ripon’s Resolution of 1882 has been hailed as the ‘Magna Carta’ of local self‐government.He is called as the father of local self‐government in India.

In 1687‐88, the first municipal corporation in India was set up at Madras.

Under the dyarchical scheme introduced in Provinces by the Government of India Act of 1919,local self‐government became a transferred subject under the charge of a responsible Indianminister.

The Royal Commission on decentralization was appointed in 1907 and it submitted its reportin 1909. Its chairman was Hobhouse.

70. Answer (d)

Between the latitudes 35° and 40° N and S of the equator, the rain is heavier on the eastern coasts and goes on decreasing towards the west. But, between 45° and 65° N and S of equator, due to the westerlies, the rainfall is first received on the western margins of the continents and it goes on decreasing towards the east.

Wherever mountains run parallel to the coast, the rain is greater on the coastal plain, on the windward side and it decreases towards the leeward side.

71. Answer (b)

Indian Coast Guard commissioned the indigenously built patrol vessel 'Vijaya', fitted with advanced navigation and communication equipment

Features of Vijaya:

ICGS Vijaya has been designed and built indigenously by Larsen & Toubro (L&T)

It is second in the series of 98 m offshore patrol vessels (OPVs) commissioned by ICG.

It is fitted with advanced technology navigation and communication equipment and sensors.

It will be deployed extensively for Exclusive Economic Zone surveillance and other duties as enshrined in Coast Guard charter.

72. Answer (b)


73. Answer: (d)

Open Unemployment is when people are willing and able to work but are unable to find the same.

Frictional Unemployment is the unemployment that exists when people are in the process of voluntarily searching for a better job or shifting from one job to another.

When unemployment in an economy becomes prolonged/long term, it becomes a characteristic of the economy & is referred to as chronic unemployment

74. Answer (a)

Indian Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS) has developed India’s first indigenous medical kit for protection against nuclear warfare or radioactive leakage.

Features of Anti‐Nuclear Medical Kit:

The kit will ensure protection from serious injury and aid faster healing of wounds due to nuclear warfare or radioactive leakage.

It has 25 items, which include radioactive protectors, which can absorb 80‐90% of radiation, nerve gas agents, bandages that absorb radiation as well as tablets and ointments.

It has been developed for armed, paramilitary and police forces only as they are first ones likely to get exposed to radiation during nuclear, chemical and biomedical (NCB) warfare or rescue operation after nuclear accident.

75. Answer (a)

Operation Samudra Maitri:‐ It is the relief effort launched by India to assist the victims of the 2018 Sulawesi earthquake and tsunami in Indonesia. The operation was launched after communication between the Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi and President of Indonesia Joko Widodo.

76. Answer (d)

Explanation:

The salaries and allowances of the judges, the salaries, allowances and pensions of the staff as well as the administrative expenses of a high court are charged on the consolidated fund of the State while the pension of a high court judge is charged on the Consolidated Fund of India and not the state.

High court can punish any person for its contempt. Thus, its actions and decisions cannot be criticized and opposed by anybody. This power is vested in a high court to maintain its authority, dignity and honor.

The chief justice of a high court can appoint officers and servants ofthe high court without any interference from the executive. He can also prescribe their conditions ofservice.

77. Answer (c)

The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) is defined by the difference in sea surface temperature between two areas (or poles, hence a dipole) – a western pole in the Arabian Sea (western Indian Ocean) and an eastern pole in the eastern Indian Ocean south of Indonesia.

IOD develops in the equatorial region of Indian Ocean from April to May peaking in October.


With a positive IOD winds over the Indian Ocean blow from east to west (from Bay of Bengal towards Arabian Sea).This results in the Arabian Sea (western Indian Ocean near African Coast) being much warmer and eastern Indian Ocean around Indonesia becoming colder and dry.

In the negative dipole year (negative IOD), reverse happens making Indonesia much warmer and rainier.

78. Answer (d) 79. Answer (d)

Administration under Vijayanagar Empire:

i. Rajas enjoyed absolute authority on judicial, executive and legislative matters. He was the highest court of appeal harsh punishments such as mutiliation and throwing to elephants were given.

ii. Succession was based on principle of heredity, but usurpation of throne also occurred. Saluva Narasimha became king after ending Sangama dynasty.

iii. Mandalams (Namdaleshwara/Nayak), Nadus, sthalas and gramas

iv. Chola tradition of village panchayats weakened. v. Provincial governors had autonomy as they held their own courts, maintained their

own armies. It was more a confederacy than an empire.

vi. Land revenue was fixed at 1/6th of the produce. Empoyed Turkish and Portuguese experts to train the soldiers

80. Answer: (b)

The quantitative tools for monetary policy include:

(1) Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) (2) Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) (3) Repo (4) Reverse Repo (5) Marginal Standing Facility (MSF) (6) Bank Rate (7) Liquidity Adjustment Facility (LAF) (8) Open Market Operations (OMO) (9) Market Stabilization Scheme (MSS) The qualitative tools for monetary policy include:

(1) Fixation of margin requirements. (2) Regulation of consumer credit (3) Rationing of credit (4) Moral suasion (5) Publicity (6) Control through directives Direct Action

81. Answer (b)

When the rivers discharge their waters from all directions in a lake or depression, the pattern is known as Centripetal.


When the river originate from a hill and flow in all directions, the drainage patterns is known as “radial” the river originating from the Amarkantak range present a good example of it.

82. Answer (d)

Explanation:

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae and is highly contagious.

The bacteria has a long incubation period. Once a person is infected, it can take 6‐10 years or even 20 years for the first symptoms to surface.

The disease mainly affects the skin, the peripheral nerves, the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract and the eyes.

It is curable and treatment provided in the early stages averts disability.

India was officially declared to have eliminated leprosy in 2005.

India has repealed legislation that discriminates against persons affected by leprosy.

83. Answer (d) 84. Answer (a)

85. Answer (d)

Proceeds of disinvestment are capital receipts.

These receipts accrue to the National Investment Fund constituted in 2004. 86. Answer (a)

87. Answer (a)

The Department of Financial Services (DFS), Ministry of Finance and National


Informatics Centre (NIC)has jointly developed a mobile app called Jan DhanDarshakas a part of financial inclusion (FI) initiative .

This app will act as a guide for the common people in locating a financial service touch point at a given location in the country.

88. Answer (b)

NPAs are assets whose:

Principal/Installment stays unpaid for more than 90 days.

An overdraft/CC account that stays ‘out of order’ for more than 90 days.

Interest/Installment stays overdue for 2 harvest seasons but not for a period exceeding two half years in case of an advance granted for agricultural purposes.

For any other account, any due amount unpaid for more than 90 days. 89. Answer (d)

90. Answer (c)

Explanation:

The Parliament can make laws on any subject of the three lists (including the State List) for the unionterritories. This power of Parliament also extends to Puducherry and Delhi, which have their ownlocal legislatures.

The legislative assembly of Puducherry can also make laws on any subject of the State List and theConcurrent List.

91. Answer (c)

The Green Revolution or Third Agricultural Revolution, is a set of research and technology transfer initiatives occurring between 1950 and the late 1960s, That increased agricultural production worldwide, particularly in the developing world, beginning most markedly in the late 1960s. The initiatives resulted in the adoption of new technologies, including high‐yielding varieties (HYVs) of cereals, especially dwarf wheats and rice, in association with chemical fertilizers and agro‐chemicals, and with controlled water‐supply (usually involving irrigation) and new methods of cultivation, including mechanization.

92. Answer (a)

SwachhManch

The web‐based platform will allow stakeholders to create/invite/participate in volunteering opportunities around neighborhoods.

SwachhManch will enable uploads of pictorial evidence of citizens and organizations participating in the initiatives, as well as record the number of hours volunteered, as acknowledgement of citizens’/organisations’ efforts and contributions to the cause of ‘swachhata’.

This would not only encourage other fellow citizens and stakeholders to do their bit for the cause of ‘swachhata’ but also contribute to accelerating the pace of achievement of our collective dream of a ‘Swachh Bharat’.

The SwachhManch will also be integrated with the existing Swachhata App to act as a citizens’ grievance redressal platform.


In the SwachhSurvekshan too, data uploaded on the SwachhManch will be one of the means of verifications for relevant indicators pertaining to IEC and citizen engagement.

93. Answer (a)

Administration under Harsha:

a. More feudal and decentralized.

b. Power shifted to military camps known as skandhavaras.

c. Land grants to officers by charters in lieu of salary began under Harsha. These grants enjoyed the same privileges as Brahmadeya lands.

d. People were taxed lightly and the revenue was divided in 4 parts:

i. One part earmarked for king.

ii. Second for scholars

iii. Third for the endowments of officials and public servants.

iv. Fourth part for religious purposes. e. Law and order suffered from some lacunae.

f. Brahmans and Kshatriyas led a simple life but the nobles and priests led a luxurious life.

g. Status of Shudras improved but the status of Chandallas became pathetic and they suffered from all forms of disabilities.

Forest gurad was known as Vana‐palas and the chief of the villages was an officer called sarva‐palli‐patti.

94. Answer (a)

GNP = GDP + Income earned by Indian nationals abroad – Income earned by foreign nationals in India.

A country with greater FDI inflow and outflow would lead to greater net income of foreign nationals in India as compared to Indian nationals abroad.

Hence, GNP will be lesser than GDP.

95. (C):‐ It basically refers to efficient management and conservation of surface and ground water resources. It involves prevention of run‐off and storage and recharge of groundwater through various methods like percolation tanks, recharge wells etc.

However in a broad sense watershed management includes conservation, regeneration and judicious use of all resources‐natural (like Land, water, Plants and animals) and human with in a watershed.

Watershed management aims at bringing about balance between natural resources on the one hand and society on the other. The success of watershed development largely depends upon community participation.

96. Answer (c)

Explanation:

Match 1 Match 2

1. Diamagnetic substance feeble magnetism opposite to the direction of the field


2. Paramagnetic substance feeble magnetism in the direction of the field

3. Ferromagnetic substance Strongly magnetized in the direction of field

4. Curie temperature ferromagnetic substance changes into paramagnetic

one.

97. Answer (c)

Explanation:

The governor is empowered to organize and re‐organize the autonomous districts.

Thus, hecan increase or decrease their areas or change their names or define their

boundaries and soon.

The district and regional councils administer the areas under their jurisdiction. They

can makelaws on certain specified matters like land, forests, canal water, shifting

cultivation, villageadministration, and inheritance of property, marriage and divorce,

social customs and so on. Butall such laws require the assent of the governor.

98. Answer (c)

Fold mountains are mountains that form mainly by the effects of folding on layers within

the upper part of the Earth's crust. Before either plate tectonic theory developed, or the

internal architecture of thrust belts became well understood, the term was used for most

mountain belts, such as the Himalayas.

Fold mountains form when two tectonic plates move towards each other at convergent

plate boundary. When plates and the continents riding on them collide, the accumulated

layers of rock may crumple and fold like a tablecloth that is pushed across a table,

particularly if there is a mechanically weak layer such as salt. The mountains such formed

are usually more in length instead of breadth.

Often fault‐block mountains have a steep front side and a sloping back side. Examples

of fault‐block mountains include: the Sierra Nevada mountains in North America. The Harz

Mountains in Germany.

99. Answer (a)

Tx2 Programme

It was launched by World Wildlife Foundation (WWF) at the 2010 St Petersburg

Tiger Summit held in Russia.

Under it, 13 tiger range countries had agreed to double the world tiger population by

2022.

It aims at driving political momentum to

i. Ensure tigers remain top priority for world leaders

ii. Professionalize wildlife protection by training rangers

iii. Developing conservation standards (CA|TS) and technology (SMART) to

achieve zero poaching

iv. Tackle illegal wildlife trade through partnership with TRAFFIC


v. Focus efforts in key tiger landscapes and ensure there is space for both tigers

and people in future.

These 13 countries are Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Lao

PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Russia, Thailand and Vietnam

100. Answer (b)

Bhutan has been following its Gross National Happiness (GNH) targets since 1972 based

upon 4 parameters:

(1) Higher real per capita income

(2) Good Governance (3) Environmental Protection

Cultural Promotion

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