The Crusades and the Wider World
description
Transcript of The Crusades and the Wider World
The Crusades and the
Wider World
Section 8-3 pp. 255-260
Preview Questions
• What advanced civilizations flourished around the world in 1050?
• What were the causes and effects of the Crusades?
• How did Christians in Spain carry out the Reconquista?
The World in 1050
• The world outside of Europe is thriving
• The Seljuk Turks begin their invasion of the Byzantine Empire, capturing it in 1071 – Holy Land under Muslim control – Muslims attack Christian pilgrims
The Crusades
• Pope Urban II issues a call for Christians to reclaim the Holy Land from Muslim control
• Motives: – Religious zeal – Wealth and land – Adventure
The Crusades
• Victories and Defeats: – First Crusade (1099) • Christians capture Jerusalem and massacre Muslims
and Jews• Crusaders divide land into 4 small states
– Second Crusade (1187)• Muslims recapture Jerusalem
The Crusades
• Victory and Defeat– Third Crusade • Muslims, led by Saladin,
retain control of Jerusalem • Jerusalem was open to
Christians – Fourth Crusade • Christians fight Byzantine
merchants • Traders capture and loot
Constantinople in 1204
Effects of Crusades on Europe • Economic Expansion
– New goods introduced to Europe – Increased trade with Middle East – Strengthening of the money
economy
• Increased Power for Monarchs – Rulers have increased power to
collect taxes for Crusades – Some rulers fight in Crusades,
increasing their prestige King Richard I of England, who led the Third Crusade
Effects of the Crusades on Europe• The Church
– Papacy reaches all-time height of power
– No reconciliation between Eastern and Western Churches
• A Wider Worldview – Europeans curious about new
lands – Marco Polo travels to China – New desire for exploration Map of Marco Polo’s Journey
The Reconquista in Spain
• Reconquista: Spanish attempt to drive Muslims from Spain.
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella Leading Reconquistadors
The Reconquista in Spain
• Ferdinand and Isabella – Determined to bring
political and religious unity to Spain
– End religious toleration – Use Inquisition to launch
crusade against Muslims and Jews
Christian Reconquistadors Fight Muslims in Spain.