The Crimean War

1853-1856

Which map?

Vienna Settlement

Established at the Congress of Vienna from 1814-1815

Moved away from Revolutionary Republics (i.e. French Revolutionary Wars)

Attempted to create a peaceful balance of power in Europe

Established a vulnerable Ottoman Empire

Sick Man of Europe

Gave in to French demands for Catholic concessions in the Holy Land

Nicholas I secured rights for Orthodox Christians within the Ottoman Empire

Tensions Rise

Nicholas I set claim to the European part of Turkey expecting aid from European powers

France, Britain, and Austria pushed back and supported the Ottoman Empire against the Tsar’s claim

Into War

Allied Powers (Mainly British and French) demanded the retreat of Russian forces from Turkey

Allies took naval action in the Baltic sea capturing the Russian fortress at Bomarsund

Allies also descended on Crimea in the Black sea

Events of the War

Battle at Sevastopol

‘Charge of the Light Brigade’ –Alfred, Lord Tennyson

New Life for the Allies

British Blockade

French troops

Sardinian Aid

Nicolas I dies and Alexander II sues for Peace

Media in War

First ‘Media’ War

William Howard Russell and Roger Fenton

Analyzing the Text

Is Russell a reliable source? Why or why not?

Who is the audience? What kind of an effect would this kind of reporting have on this audience?

What goal is the author seeking? Does this piece accomplish that goal?

Florence Nightingale

Grew famous through her efforts as a nurse in the Crimean War

Advocate for better care, sanitation, and medicines for wounded troops

Key figure in advocating against the systematic de-emphasis on women in the medical and scientific sphere

Treaty of Paris

Russia retreated from European Turkey

Moldavia, Wallachia, and Serbia placed under international European protection (rather than Russian)

Russia De-Militarizes in the Black Sea

Maintain Ottoman Empire

Looking Forward

Change in Europe

Russia and Austria seek status quo

Vienna Settlement looks weak

Sets the stage for WWI

Recap Questions

Media

Economics

Balance of Power