The Constitution. Articles of Confederation Confederation – loose association of independent...
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Transcript of The Constitution. Articles of Confederation Confederation – loose association of independent...
![Page 1: The Constitution. Articles of Confederation Confederation – loose association of independent states The Articles of Confederation – Established the first.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072015/56649edb5503460f94beadcc/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Constitution
![Page 2: The Constitution. Articles of Confederation Confederation – loose association of independent states The Articles of Confederation – Established the first.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072015/56649edb5503460f94beadcc/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Articles of Confederation• Confederation – loose association of
independent states• The Articles of Confederation – Established
the first government of the United States– November 15, 1977– Fear of Central Power – National Government lack
any real Power – Four Reasons for Failure• No power to tax• No head of State• No regulation of interstate or foreign commerce • Each state how power to veto amendments
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Constitution Convention• Shays’s Rebellion – Demonstrated need for Stronger Government
• Edmond Randolph of Virginia– Virginia Plan• Three Branches of Government
– Legislative – Executive– Judicial
• Two House Legislature – Representation based on taxes paid
• Called for strong national government • Favored the large and wealthy states
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Continued
• New Jersey Plan– William Paterson of New Jersey– Legislature based on equal representation – Favored by small and poor states– Forced a Compromise
• Great Compromise – Roger Sherman of Connecticut– House based on size– Senate is equal– Legislation approved by both chambers
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Continued
• 3/5th Compromise – Slavery a big part of American Economy– The question of representation of slaves• Should they count towards population?
– Slave States = yes– Free States = no
– Slaves will count as 3/5th of a person – Gave southern states greater representation
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Ratification• Need nine state to ratify become law– Nation Split over Constitution
• Federalist – supported – favored national government• Antifederalist – did not support – favored state gov
• Federalist Papers– Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison =
Publius – 85 newspaper articles supporting ratification
• Federalist No 10 – avoid factions, pluralism, or “tyranny of the majority” (mob rule)
• Federalist No 51 – control tyranny through “separation of powers” and “checks and balances”
• Anti-Federalist Papers– Brutus– Not as influential
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Bill of Rights • States would not ratify without Bill of Rights– List basic civil liberties and civil rights– Purpose of Revolution War
• Federalist No 84 – BofR would be “Dangerous”– Not possible to list prohibited powers
• George Washington – Amendment process• Bill of Rights – First 10 amendments to the constitution• Constitution Adopted– First State Delaware – December 7, 1787– 9th New Hampshire – June 21, 1788
• Became Active
– 13th Rhode Island – May 29, 1790