Cone of Experience

“The Cone is a visual analogy, and like all analogies, it does not bear an exact and detailed relationship to the complex elements it represents”

-Edgar Dale

Outline

• Direct purposeful Experience• Contrived Experience• Dramatized Experience• Demonstrations• Study Trips• Exhibits

• Educational Television• Motion Pictures• Recordings, Radio, Still

Picture• Visual Symbol• Verbal Symbol

Direct Purposeful Experience

Direct experiences are experience of other people tat we observe, read or hear about they are not firsthand but rather vicarious experiences.

Contrived experience

We use simulation and games to make our classes interactive and to develop the decision making skills and knowledge construction skills of our students

Dramatized Experience

If our teaching is dramatic, our students get attracted, interested and affected. If they are affected and moved by what we taught, we will most likely leave an impact to them.

Demonstration

Demonstration is showing how a thing is done emphasizing the salient merits, utility and efficiency of a concept, a method or a process or an attitude.

Field Trip

Field trips are opportunities for rich and memorable experiences which are fundamental to learning that last.

Exhibits

These are displays to be seen by spectators. They may consist of working models arranged meaningfully or photographs with models, charts, and posters. Sometimes exhibits are “for your eyes only.”

Educational Television

Film, video and tv provide us with sounds and sight not easily available even to the viewer of a real event through long shots, close ups, zoom shots magnification and split screen made possible by the tv camera.

Motion Pictures

Television and motion pictures can reconstruct the reality of the past so effectively that we are made to feel we are there.

Recording, Radio And Still Picture

These are visual and auditory devices which may be used by an individual or a group. Still pictures lack the sound and motion of a sound film. The radio broadcast of an actual event may often be likened to a televised broadcast minus its visual dimension.

Visual Symbol

These are no longer realistic reproduction or physical things for these are highly abstract representations. Examples are charts, graphs, maps, and diagrams.

Verbal Symbol

They are not like the objects or ideas for which they stand. They usually do not contain visual clues to their meaning. Written words fall under this category.