The Commercial Evolution of Over-the-Rhine, Cincinnati, OH · sloane boutique rock paper scissors...

The Commercial Evolution of Over-the-Rhine, Cincinnati, OH

Thesis research by Daniella BeltranMaster of Community Planning, 2017

University of Cincinnati

photo: 365cincinnati.com/wp-content/uploads/2014photo: digital.cincinnatilibrary.org

“If you’re from out of town, this is where you go. If you’re from [Cincinnati], this is the neighborhood to be in.” - Allen Woods, Mortar

photo: Chris Lowry, 2016 photo: cincinnatiparks.com

photo: findlaymarket.org

WASHINGTON PARK

ZIEGLER PARK

N

W E

S

for more info visit www.otrchamber.comMap production made possible by the City of Cincinnati and The Corporation for Findlay Market.

<< 13th ST

< WOODWARD >

< 12th ST >

12th ST >>

14th ST >>

14th ST >>

<< 15th ST

<< 15th ST

<< 15th ST

< GRANT >

< MERCER >

< 14th ST >

< ORCHARD >

<< MELINDY

REPUB

LIC ST >>

<< PLEAS

AN

T ST

< VIN

E ST >

WA

LNU

T ST >>

< JACKSO

N S

T >

<< MA

IN S

T

< CLAY S

T >

< SYC

AM

ORE S

T >

RA

CE ST >>

<< ELM S

T

< CENTR

AL PK

Y >

< CENTRAL PKY

CENTRAL PKY >

< LIBERTY ST >

< 13th ST >

PERSONALSERVICESFITNESS PARKING

RED BIKEBIKE SHARE

GALLERIES

FINDLAY MARKET2 BLOCKS NORTH

(see back)

THE HOOP &NEEDLE

SWITCHLIGHTING& DESIGN

ANOTHERPART OF THE

FOREST

XTREMEFASHION

THE MONROEBOUTIQUE

SMITTY'S

PARK+VINE

MICA 12/V

URBAN EDEN

THE HONEYHUT BOUTIQUE

EVERY FLY GIRL

KROGER

LIBBYSEAMLESS TRANSITION

SLOANEBOUTIQUE

ROCK PAPERSCISSORS

CITY GEAR

PET WANTS

COUTURECOUTUREBOUTIQUE

THE LITTLEMAHATMA

WOODENNICKEL

HOMAGE

STEAMWHISTLE

LETTERPRESS

SHELL GAS STATION

SUDER’S ART STORE

ORIGINALTHOUGHTREQUIRED

SHOPS

THE GA

RAGE

OTR

SEGW

AY OFCIN

CINN

ATI

RAGG ADDICT

FRAMESHOP

SWEET SISTA

HSPLA

SH

JACK WOODGALLERY

OFF THE VINE

ARTICLE

ROOKWOODPOTTERY

SIMPLE SPA

CE

PICNIC & PAN

TRY

AMERICANLEGACY TOURS

MANNEQUIN

ZURI HANDMADE

WIESNKOENIGUSA

BREWERYDISTRICT

SYMPHON

Y HO

TEL

GRAETER’S

HAPPY BELLY

PONTIACBOURBON & BBQ

SENATE

NICOLA’S

STREETPOPS

BOBA CHABUBBLE TEA

HEN OF THEWOODS

BAKERSFIELD

TUCKER'S

VENICE ONVINE

ABIGAIL STREET

CINCY BYTHE SLICE

GOODFELLA’SPIZZERIA

COFFEEEMPORIUM

THE AN

CHOR

QUAN HAPA

SHADEAUBREADS

TASTE OF BELGIUM

EATERIES

JOE'S DINER

ON SYCA

MORE

A TAVOLA BAR & TRATTORIA1215 WINE

BAR &COFFEE LAB

IRISBOOKCAFE& GALLERY

,

COLLECTIVEESPRESSO

LUCY BLUEPIZZA

SUBWAY

ZULA

SALA

ZAR

KAZE

HOLTMAN’SDONUTS

SWEET PETIT

THE EAGLE

ALABAMAFISH BAR

BREZEL

GOMEZ

MACARONBAR

THEMERCER

REVOLUTIONROTISSERIE

TUCKER’S

RELIGIOUS ORGS

GO DUTCH

CITY CENTER

GREENBUILDING

CONSULTING

URBAN SITES

PATRICIA FEGHALI ESQ

IMPULCITY

CONTACTCENTER

BRICKSTONE

COMEY &SHEPHERD

FREE STOREFOODBANK

TOPIC DESIGN

OTR CHAMBER

SARAHCENTER

THEBRANDERY

SQRL

PB&J

CITY STUDIOSA

RCHITECTURE

4EG

WEST ENDLOAN

ENVOI

BUSCH ELEVATOR

ALLSCREEN

CHAD SHACK

NEW REPUBLICARCHITECTURE

LOHRE &A

SSOCIATES

SCHICKELDESIGN

ARTW

ORKS

ARTSW

AVE

CT LAW

NECCO

LIGHTBORN

E

GRAY & PAPE

LUTZMARKETINGCOLDWELL

BANKER

TRISTATEVALET

A359 ARCHITECTS

COMMONSON MAIN

OTR

COMM

UNITY

HOUSING

MCINTURFARCHITECTS &ASSOCIATES

RYAN KURTZPHOTOGRAPHY

STOUGHGROUP

TEACH FORAMERICA

NEOCOMCINCINNATI

DEVELOPMENTFUND

EDEN FLORA

L

BRASHEARBOLTON

BAYER BECKER

SPICEFIRENORTHPOINTE

GROUPKURT PLATTEARCHITECTS

MUNOZAGENCY CORE

RESOURCES

BPBS LAW

CINTRIFUSE

MICHA

EL UHLEN

HAKE

ARCHITECT

BA

IRPROPERTIES

BDR DESIGN

3CDC

AGAR

JYSPRODUCTIONS

ELECTRONICART

OTR SALESCENTER

HOLTMAN’SOFFICE

MERCERCOMMONS

LEASING

OTR PRODUCTIONHOUSE

LEARN

ING

THROUGH ART

7/79 VIDEO

STUDIOVERTU

IWS

WE HAVEBECOMEVIKINGS

FUTURE BLOOMS

RED BIKE

ACANTHUS

ST. FRANCISSCHOOL

ART ACA

DEMY

OF CINCIN

NATI

ROTHENBERGPREPARATORY

ACADEMY

SCHOOL FOR THE CREATIVE & PERFORMING ARTS

OFFICES +EDUCATION

PEASLEECENTER

UPTOWNARTS

DROP INN

CENTER

CREATIVEDEPARTMENT

CINCINNATISQUASH

ACADEMY MIAMI UNIVCENTER

TENDER

MERCIES

HOMELESS

COALITION

JOBS PLUS

THUNDERDOMEHQ

GRANDINPROPERTIES

FRAMERI

MELASAGROUP

BOWTIECAUSE

OO

HO

LOG

Y

FOTOFOCUS

SOL DESIGN

GRIFOLS PLASMACARE

GRAMMERS

RAFTELIS

BILTARCHITECTS

CHEERS TO ART

KNOWTHEATRE

THECABARET

ENSEMBLETHEATRE

MEMORIALHALL

EMERY THEATRE(PENDING RENOVATION)

CIN

CIN

NAT

IB

ALL

ET

CHRISTIANMOERLEINBREWERY

WOODWARDTHEATER

THEATER + VENUES+ ENTERTAINMENT

THE ERICH KUNZELCENTER FOR THE ARTS

MUSIC HALL

CINCINNATI SYMPHONY/POPS ORCHESTRA

CINCINNATI OPERA

MAY FESTIVAL

PORTER’SPINBALLPARLOUR

THE TRANSEPT

ELEMENTZ

CLAY STREETPRESS

FUEL

HORSESHOECINCINNATI

2 BLOCKS EAST

FOUNTAINSQUARE

5 BLOCKS SOUTH

JIM BROFFT

SALON

CENTRA

L

COREMOVEMENT

BUSINESS CTR

HICKS & MANN

ATM

US BANK

FITNEXT

THEBUNKHAUS

YMCA

MAIN STREETYOGA

YOU DO YOGA

WEEKENDBEAUTYLOUNGE

CROSSROADHEALTH CENTER

INCREDIBLECREATIONS

NICK TU

TTLEGUITA

RSTUDIO

SUN CITY

FINALTOUCHES

LITTLE STEPSDAYCARE

ATM

ATM

ATM

MOTR PUB

MR. PITIFUL’S

MIXXULTRA LOUNGE

LACKMAN

NEON’S

RHINEH

AUS

HALFCUT

JAPP’S ANNEX

JAPP'S

BELOW ZERO

LOUNGE

THE DRINKERY

BARS + PUBS

LACHEY’S

LIBERTY’S BAR & BOTTLE

TAFT’S ALE HOUSE

BAR

THE YOGA B

AR

LOW

SPARK

16-BIT BAR+ ARCADE

WASH PARKART

VENUE 222

RICHARD BUTZGALLERY

1305 GALLERY

ART BEYONDBOUNDARIES

FRIARS STUDIO

HA

RVESTG

ALLERY

PENDLETONART CENTER

3 BLOCKS EAST

SALVATIONARMY

FRANCISCAN MEDIA

ST. FRANCIS SERAPH

NEW UNITY CHURCH OF

GODPRINCE OF

PEACE

CITY GOSPELMISSION

UNIVERSALCHURCH OF

CHRIST

THEGATHERING

SALEM UNITEDCHURCH OF

CHRIST

ST. PETER CLAVER LATIN

SCHOOL

HIGHERBRANCHES

NASTTRINITY

OLD SAINTMARY’S

MASJIDAL-ASHAD

FIRSTLUTHERAN

JOB & FAMILYSERVICES

photo: Chris Lowry, 2016photo: cincinnati.com

photo: Cinci Public Library photo: 3cdc.org photo: 3cdc.org

PHYSICAL SETTING

ACTIVITY

IMAGE/MEANING

SENSE OF PLACE

SENSE OF PLACE

ACTIVITY

IMAGE/MEANING

PHYSICAL SETTING

ACTIVITY

IMAGE/MEANING

PHYSICAL SETTING

Sense of Place Theory

Daniel Canter, psychologistJohn Montgomery, urban designer

Loss of Sense of Place, 1920s-2000s

• Prohibition & national economic decline disrupts activities in the neighborhood

• Physical deterioration ensues

• Image of place unravels

SENSE OF PLACE

IMAGE/MEANING

PHYSICAL SETTING

ACTIVITY

Municipal Activities of the City of Cincinnati, 1936

germany.info_HKSchade

RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1. How has the organization of commercial uses within Over-the-Rhine changed since 1930?

2. Does the current commercial development strategy follow historical patterns?

SENSE OF PLACE

ACTIVITY

IMAGE/MEANING

PHYSICAL SETTING

?

Physical Data Across Time via Sanborn Maps

STUDY PERIODS

1930 1961 1993 2017

Activity Data Across Time via Williams’ Business Directories

Commercial/Retail Categories

Commercial Categories Types within Retail Categories

Bar/Restaurant

Wholesale

Fun

RunDestination

Entertainment

Auto-oriented

Industrial

Parking/Garage

FINDINGSCommercial Landscape in 1930

1930 OTR Population: 30,949

0100,000200,000300,000400,000500,000600,000700,000800,000

1930 Listed Commercial SF

7%3%

7%

27%

12%9%

4%

19%

12%

1930 Commercial Uses Based on SF (Total = 2,666,093 SF)

Auto-oriented

Bar/Restaurant

Entertainment

Destination

Industrial

Fun

Parking

Run

Wholesale

MUSIC HALLILLUSTRATION

1879

5

Central Avenue, 1928

Bench workers and machinists at Schreiber & Sons Co., 1889

German notary business

Grammer’s Cafe, since 1872



0100,000200,000300,000400,000500,000600,000700,000800,000


6%7%

5%

22%

13%4%9%

10%

23%

1%

1961 Commercial Uses Based on SF(Total = 2,666,093 SF)

Auto-oriented

Bar/Restaurant

Entertainment

Destination

Industrial

Fun

Parking

Run

Wholesale

Not in Use Since 1930

Moerlein Brewery Co., since

Our Daily Bread, former IGA food store in 1960s Pendleton Art Center, former French Bauer Inc. building



0100,000200,000300,000400,000500,000600,000700,000800,000


1%2% 6%

10%

3%1%

15%

4%10%

48%


Auto-oriented

Bar/Restaurant

Entertainment

Destination

Industrial

Fun

Parking

Run

Wholesale


Kroger grocery store at 1410 Vine Street, c. 2002 Emery Audiitorium maintains in use since 1911, closes around 1998



1% 6%7%

8%

4%

3%

28%4%

4%

35%


Auto-oriented

Bar/Restaurant

Entertainment

Destination

Industrial

Fun

Parking

Run

Wholesale


0100,000200,000300,000400,000500,000600,000700,000800,000


Queen City Radio from 1920 to today has been a gas station, and now bar/restaurant

The building where Nicola’s can currenlty be found was once a cabinent making company. Before then it was the garage to French-Bauer Inc.

1409 Vine St

6%7%

5%

22%

13%4%

9%

10%

23%

1%

1961 Commercial Composition

Auto-oriented

Bar/Restaurant

Entertainment

Destination

Industrial

Fun

Parking

Run

Wholesale


7%3%

7%

27%

12%

9%

4%

19%

12%


Auto-oriented

Bar/Restaurant

Entertainment

Destination

Industrial

Fun

Parking

Run

Wholesale

6%7%

5%

22%

13%4%

9%

10%

23%

1%


Auto-oriented

Bar/Restaurant

Entertainment

Destination

Industrial

Fun

Parking

Run

Wholesale


1%2% 6%

10%

3%1%

15%

4%10%

48%


Auto-oriented

Bar/Restaurant

Entertainment

Destination

Industrial

Fun

Parking

Run

Wholesale


1% 6%7%

8%

4%

3%

28%4%

4%

35%


Auto-oriented

Bar/Restaurant

Entertainment

Destination

Industrial

Fun

Parking

Run

Wholesale


5%10%

43%13%

29%

1930 Retail Uses in SF

Bar/Restaurant

Entertainment

Destination

Fun

Run





LEGEND

11%

8%

34%

5%

16%

26%


Bar/Restaurant

Entertainment

Destination

Fun

Run


3% 9%

15%

2%7%64%


Bar/Restaurant

Entertainment

Destination

Fun

Run


10%

12%

12%

5%6%

55%


Bar/Restaurant

Entertainment

Destination

Fun

Run


1930 1961

1993 2017

RETAIL USES

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

800,000

Square Footage Allocations per Year by Commercial Use Category

1930

1961

1993

2017

CONCLUSIONS

1. How has the organization of commercial uses within Over-the-Rhine changed since 1930?

Current patterns make partial use of historically driven backbones: Vine Street and Main Street

Dominance of uses in one part of the neighborhood (Concentrated reactivation)

Wants are offered more than needs

Bars/restaurants are clustered rather than spread

Commercial uses can be found in spaces previously non-commercial

CONCLUSIONS

2. Does the current commercial development strategy follow historical patterns?

Culturally acknowledged uses have maintained

New east-west connection between commercial districts and Washington Park

Commerce is driving population, rather than people driving commerce

Lack of opportunities to build wealth/participate in a consistent or growing economy

RECOMMENDATIONS

•Increase “destination,” “run,” and “fun” businesses

•Increase industrial opportunities to balance consumption with production

-maker movement, fashion, distribution

•Establish rootedness - value long-standing residents

•Extend the north-south corridors to full length

•Motivate a corridor along McMicken Ave.

•Include people in the process of expanding OTR’s sense of place (physical, activities, imagery)

The Commercial Evolution of Over-the-Rhine, Cincinnati, OH · sloane boutique rock paper scissors...

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