THE COLONISATION OF DIPLOID AND TETRAPLOID POTATO … · Pectobacterium atrosepticum 57 %...
Transcript of THE COLONISATION OF DIPLOID AND TETRAPLOID POTATO … · Pectobacterium atrosepticum 57 %...
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THE COLONISATION OF DIPLOID AND TETRAPLOID POTATO PLANTS BY DICKEYA SOLANI OBTAINED FROM INFECTED TUBERS
Renata Lebecka, Zhimin Yin and Zofia Murawska
EAPR Dundee, Scotland, 7-11.08.2016
Granted by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (IHAR-PIB 4-3-00-3-01)
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Potato Blackleg
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Dickeya solani Fera, UK Crown Copyright
Tuber Soft Rot
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Tuber Soft Rot
Non-emergence
Blackleg symptoms
No symptoms – latent infection
Rotting Seed tuber a source
of infection
Disease cycle
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Pectobacterium atrosepticum
57 % (1996-1997; Waleron et al. 2013)
P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum
37 % (1996-1997; Waleron et al. 2013)
P. wasabiae
6 % (1996-1997; Waleron et al. 2013)
P. carotovorum subsp. brasiliense
1.8 % of Pcc (since 1996, Waleron et al. 2015)
Dickeya solani
5.0 % of SRE 2009-2013 (Potrykus et al. 2016)
D. dianthicola
(N=39)
Pectinolytic bacteria pathogenic to potato in Poland
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Characterization of resistance to Dickeya solani in diploid interspecific hybrids of Solanum.
Are progeny tubers of the most tolerant diploids,
grown from vacuum infiltrated seed tubers with D. solani, infected?
Goals
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Dickeya solani – IBF0099 (syn. IPO2276) (Golanowska et al. 2015)
Bacterial suspension – 108 CFU/ml
10 µl inoculum (hole size - 10mm x 2mm)
(Laurila et al. 2008; Lebecka, 2001)
Testing tuber resistance to D. solani
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26 (2x) hybrids of Solanum
check cultivars: Irys and Glada
3 dates x 5 tubers x 2 replications
3 - 4 days, temperature 26 oC
Irys
Glad
a
Testing tuber resistance to D. solani
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0
5
10
15
20
25
DG
88
-9
DG
00
-27
0
DG
06
-60
0
DG
06
-5
DG
06
-1
DG
06
11
50
DG
00
-51
9
DG
94
-66
8
DG
06
-28
USA
24
9
DG
00
-68
3
DG
04
-84
2
DG
06
-54
2
DG
00
-10
17
DG
06
-50
8
DG
00
-46
8
DG
00
-90
8
DG
94
-90
DG
94
-27
2
DG
06
-10
7
DG
00
-34
9
DG
06
-56
7
DG
00
-52
5
DG
06
-45
5
DG
00
-84
9
DG
04
-81
4
Gla
da
DG
08
-30
5
Irys
Mas
s o
f ro
tte
n t
issu
e [
g]
Diploid hybrids and standards (Irys, Glada and USA249)
Testing tuber resistance to D. solani
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The Solanum hybrid (2x)
S. a
cau
le
S. b
revi
den
s
S. c
ha
coen
se
S. d
emis
sum
S. g
on
ioca
lyx
S. g
ou
rla
yi
S. m
icro
do
ntu
m
S. p
hu
reja
S. s
ten
oto
mu
m
S. s
tolo
nif
eru
m
S. t
ub
ero
sum
su
bsp
. a
nd
igen
a
S. t
ub
ero
sum
su
bsp
. tu
ber
osu
m
S. v
erru
cosu
m
S. y
un
ga
sen
se
sum
1 USA 249 + + 2
2 DG 88-9 + + + + + + + 7
3 DG 94-90 + + + + + + + + + + 10
4 DG 94-272 + + + + + + + + + + + 11
5 DG 94-668 + + + + + + + + + + 10
6 DG 00-252 + + + + + + 6
7 DG 00-270 + + + + + + 6
8 DG 00-349 + + + + + + + + + + + 11
9 DG 00-468 + + + + + + + 7
10 DG 00-519 + + + + + + + + + + 10
11 DG 00-525 + + + + + + + + + + 10
12 DG 00-683 + + + + + + + + + + 10
13 DG 00-908 + + + + + + + + + + 10
14 DG 00-849 + + + + + + + + + + + 11
15 DG 00-1017 + + + + + + + + + + 10
16 DG 04-814 + + + + + + + + + + + 11
17 DG 04-842 + + + + + + + + + + + 11
18 DG 06-1 + + + + + + + + + + + 11
19 DG 06-5 + + + + + + + + + + + 11
20 DG 06-26 + + + + + + + + + + 10
21 DG 06-28 + + + + + + + + + + 10
22 DG 06-455 + + + + + + + + + + + 11
23 DG 06-508 + + + + + + + + + + + 11
24 DG 06-542 + + + + + + + + + + 10
25 DG 06-567 + + + + + + + + + + 10
26 DG 06-600 + + + + + + + + 8
27 DG 06-1073 + + + + + + + + + + 10
28 DG 06-1147 + + + + + + + + + + 10
29 DG 06-1150 + + + + + + + + + + 10
30 DG 08-305 + + + + + + + + + + + 11
S. tuberosum
S. phureja
S. chacoense
S. yungasense
S. verrucosum S.
microdontum
DG 00-270
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26 (2x) hybrids of Solanum
7 cultivars
2 check cultivars: Irys and Glada
26 - 80 plants/ genotype
(the method acc. to Pietrak, 2001)
Testing plant resistance to D. solani
Inoculation of the base of the potato stem
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D. solani - 108 CFU/ml
Testing plant resistance to D. solani
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1st date – blackleg symptoms in three days post inocluation
Testing plant resistance to D. solani
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2nd date – wilting, necroses -10 days post inoculation
Testing plant resistance to D. solani
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
DG
06-5
DG
06-1
DG
00-5
19
DG
06-1
150
DG
00-5
25
DG
06-6
00
DG
00-8
49
DG
06-4
55
DG
00-2
70
DG
88-9
DG
06-2
8
DG
04-8
14
DG
94-2
72
DG
06-5
67
DG
06-1
073
DG
00-1
017
DG
08-7
DG
08-1
99
DG
04-8
42
DG
00-4
68
DG
06-5
42
DG
94-6
68
DG
08-3
05
DG
00-3
49
DG
06-5
08
DG
00-6
83
cv. Je
lly
DG
08-5
09
cv. G
lada
DG
94-9
0
cv. M
iesz
ko
DG
08-5
57
cv. Im
pal
a
cv. Ir
ys
cv. K
ura
s
cv. S
aturn
a
cv. O
wac
ja
cv. T
ajfu
n
– significantly different at P < 0.001
Plants without symptoms of infection (%)
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Cultivars: Irys, Kondor
108 and 107 CFU/ml
Sprouted tubers 17 h in water before inoculation,
0.1 Mpa for 20 min, allowed to dry for 2 hours
planted in pots
DNA extracted 2 weeks post inoculation
Testing plant resistance to D. solani
Inoculation of seed tubers
(the method acc. to Helias et al. 2000)
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Primers:
SOL-C - Pritchard et al. (2012),
ds - Van Vaerenbergh et al. (2012).
Bacterial DNA: 2,48 ng/µl (1µl/reaction)
DNA from plant samples: 5 ng/ µl
Negative control DNA from healthy plant King Edward
Reference gene: β-tubulin
Detection of D. solani by real time PCR
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Inoculation method Origin of DNA Crossing point value (Cp) relative expression (2-Cq) of target sequence to the reference gene Tub
ds Tub 2-Cq SOL-C Tub 2-Cq
DNA dilluted 200 x IFB0099 Bacteria 23,2 0 23,8 0
DNA dilluted 100 x 21,8 0 22,5 0
Healthy King Edward Stem 0 22,8 0 0 22,8 0 Irys 0 24,7 0 0 24,5 0
2 weeks PI 107 Irys Stem 22,8 22,5 0,84 23,1 22,4 0,59 Kondor 26,9 23,0 0,07 27,4 23,1 0,05
2 weeks PI 108 Irys 18,7 22,8 17,4 19,5 22,7 8,68 Kondor 24,9 22,9 0,23 25,1 22,8 0,20
12 weeks post inoculation of the stem
DG 08-305 Roots 0 28,9 0 0 28,9 0
DG 00-270 0 27,1 0 0 27,2 0 DG 08-305 Tuber 0 22,6 0 0 22,6 0 DG 00-270 0 22,7 0 0 22,7 0
Detection of D. solani by real time PCR
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19
D. solani (positive control) 2,48 ng/ul (1 µl/reaction)
Red from the left: Cv. Irys 108 ++++ Cv. Irys 107 +++ Cv. Kondor 108 ++ Cv. Kondor 107 + Green: negative control cv. Irys healthy
ds
ds
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20
Reference gene - β-tubulin
Melting curves: ds Green Tub Blue
ds
Tub
Tub
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DG 00-519 DG 06-28 cultivar Irys
2x 4x
108 and 106 CFU/ml
Vacuum infiltration with D. solani of 2x and 4x potato
020406080
100
DG
06-5
DG
06-1
DG
00-5
19
DG
06-1
150
DG
00-5
25
DG
06-6
00
DG
00-8
49
DG
06-4
55
DG
00-2
70
DG
88-9
DG
06-2
8
DG
04-8
14
DG
94-2
72
DG
06-5
67
DG
06-1
073
DG
00-1
017
DG
08-7
DG
08-1
99
DG
04-8
42
DG
00-4
68
DG
06-5
42
DG
94-6
68
DG
08-3
05
DG
00-3
49
DG
06-5
08
DG
00-6
83
cv. Je
lly
DG
08-5
09
cv. G
lada
DG
94-9
0
cv. M
iesz
ko
DG
08-5
57
cv. Im
pal
a
cv. Ir
ys
cv. K
ura
s
cv. S
aturn
a
cv. O
wac
ja
cv. T
ajfu
n
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108 CFU/ml
0
5
10
15
20
cv. Irys DG 06-28 DG 00-519
3 weeks post inoculation
0
5
10
15
20
cv. Irys DG 06-28 DG 00-519
106 CFU/ml
0
5
cv. Irys DG 06-28 DG 00-519
Mock inoculated with water
Emergence of plants
- not emerged
- emerged
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0
5
10
15
20
cv. Irys DG 06-28 DG 00-519
0
5
10
15
20
cv. Irys DG 06-28 DG 00-519
0
5
cv. Irys DG 06-28 DG 00-519
Mock inoculated with water
108 CFU/ml 106 CFU/ml
3 weeks post inoculation
Emergence of plants
- not emerged
- emerged
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3 weeks post inoculation
0
5
10
15
20
cv. Irys DG 06-28 DG 00-519
106 CFU/ml
0
5
cv. Irys DG 06-28 DG 00-519
Mock inoculated with water
Emergence of plants
- not emerged
- emerged
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3 weeks post inoculation
0
5
10
15
20
cv. Irys DG 06-28 DG 00-519
106 CFU/ml
0
5
cv. Irys DG 06-28 DG 00-519
Mock inoculated with water
Emergence of plants
- not emerged
- emerged
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3 weeks post inoculation
0
5
10
15
20
cv. Irys DG 06-28 DG 00-519
106 CFU/ml
0
5
cv. Irys DG 06-28 DG 00-519
Mock inoculated with water
Emergence of plants
- not emerged
- emerged
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3 weeks post inoculation
0
5
10
15
20
cv. Irys DG 06-28 DG 00-519
106 CFU/ml
0
5
cv. Irys DG 06-28 DG 00-519
Mock inoculated with water
Emergence of plants
- not emerged
- emerged
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30 and 60 days post inoculation (DPI)
106 CFU/ml 108 CFU/ml
DG 06-28 30 DPI 60 DPI Gel Gel
Stem 1 2 3 1 2 3
1 Down 0 0 0 35 35 33 +++
Middle 0 0 0 33 33 33 ++
Upper 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 Down 0 0 0 0 0 0
Middle 35 0 0 ++++ 0 0 0
Upper 27 0 0 ----- 0 0 0
3 Down 0 0 0 0 0 0
Middle 0 0 0 0 0 0
Upper 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 Down 0 0 0 0 0 0
Middle 0 0 0 0 0 0
Upper 0 0 0 0 0 0
DG 06-28 30 DPI 60 DPI Gel Gel
Stem 1 2 3 1 2 3
1 Down 0 0 0 0 0 0
Middle 0 0 0 0 0 0
Upper 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 Down 0 0 0 0 0 0
Middle 0 0 0 0 0 0
Upper 0 0 0 34 35 0 ++
3 Down 0 0 0 35 0 0 +
Middle 0 0 0 0 0 0
Upper 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 Down 0 0 0 0 0 0
Middle 0 0 0 0 0 0
Upper 0 0 0 0 0 0
CP value DG 06-28
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106 CFU/ml 108 CFU/ml
DG 00-519 30 DPI 60 DPI Gel Gel
Stem 1 2 3 1 2 3
1 Down 0 0 0 0 0 0
Middle 0 0 0 0 0 0
Upper 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 Down 0 0 0 0 0 0
Middle 0 0 0 35 0 0 +
Upper 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 Down 0 0 0 0 0 0
Middle 0 0 0 0 0 0
Upper 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 Down 0 0 0 0 0 0
Middle 0 0 0 0 0 0
Upper 0 0 0 0 0 0
DG 00-519 30 DPI 60 DPI Gel Gel
Stem 1 2 3 1 2 3
1 Down 0 0 0 0 0 0
Middle 0 0 0 0 0 0
Upper 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 Down 0 0 0 0 0 0
Middle 0 0 0 0 0 0
Upper 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 Down 0 0 0 35 0 0 +
Middle 0 0 0 35 0 0 +
Upper 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 Down 0 0 0 0 0 0
Middle 0 0 0 0 0 0
Upper 0 0 0 0 0 0
30 and 60 days post inoculation (DPI)
CP value DG 00-519
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108 CFU/ml 1. Not inoculated DG 00-519
2. DG-00-519 , 108 CFU/ml d
3. DG-00-519, 108 CFU/ml
4. DG-06-28, 108 CFU/ml
5. DG-00-519, 106 CFU/ml
6. DG-06-28, 106 CFU/ml
7. DG-06-28, 108 CFU/ml
8. Irys, 106 CFU/ml
9. Irys, 106 CFU/ml
10. DG-06-28, 108 CFU/ml
11. DG-06-28, 106 CFU/ml
12. DS99 bacterial DNA
13. Not inoculated Irys
60 days post inoculation (DPI)
Confirmation of doubtful results
1000 bp
500 bp
100 bp
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
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108 CFU/ml 106 CFU/ml
Cv. Irys 30 DPI 60 DPI Gel
Stem 1 2 3 1 2 3
1 Down 22 23 22 ++++ Plant died
Middle 24 24 24 ++++
Upper 31 30 31 ++++
Non-emergence of cv. Irys
2 Down NT 35 0 0 ++
Middle NT 0 0 0
Upper NT 0 0 0
30 and 60 days post inoculation (DPI)
CP value
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106 CFU/ml
Mock inoculated with water
60 DPI
DG 06-28 - symptomless plant
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106 CFU/ml 60 DPI
DG 00-519 – symptoms of infection
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126 days post inoculation (18 weeks)
106 CFU/ml
DG 06-28 -symptomless plant
108 CFU/ml
DG 00-519 – symptoms of infection
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106 CFU/ml 108 CFU/ml
126 days post inoculation (18 weeks)
DG 06-28 – symptoms of infection
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106 CFU/ml 108 CFU/ml
126 days post inoculation (18 weeks)
DG 06-28 – symptoms of infection
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0
5
10
15
20
25
Irys
DG 00-519
DG 06-28
0
5
10
15
20
25
106 CFU/ml 108 CFU/ml
126 days post inoculation (18 weeks)
Number of plants with symptoms of infection
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106 108 CFU/ml
126 days post inoculation (DPI)
CP value
DG 00-519
DG 06-28
Plant Leaves 1 2 3 Gel 1 2 3 Gel
1 Down 35 0 35 +++ 0 35 35 +++
Middle 0 35 0 ++ 0 35 0 ++
Upper 0 35 0 + 35 0 0 ++
2 Down 0 35 0 0 0 0
Middle 0 35 35 +++ 35 35 0 ++++
Upper 35 35 35 +++ 35 0 0 ++++
3 Down 0 0 0 0 0 0
Middle 0 0 0 0 0 0 -
Upper 0 0 35 + 0 0 0
4 Down 35 0 0 +++ 0 0 0 -
Middle 35 0 0 +++ 0 0 0 -
Upper 35 0 35 +++ 0 35 0 -
1 Dry 0 35 0 ++++ 35 0 0 ++
2 Dry 0 35 35 35 0 35 ++
3 Dry 0 0 0 30 34 0 ++++
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Diploid interspecific hybrids of potato exhibit higher resistance to tuber soft rot and higher resistance/ tolerance of plants to infection with D. solani than 4x potato cultivars.
The progeny tubers of the most tolerant diploids, grown from vacuum infiltrated seed tubers, will be tested for latent infection with D. solani.
Summary
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THANK YOU